Changing Population Structure
Learning Objectives
• Recap understanding of the DTM and its relationship to population pyramids of different shapes.
• Be able to describe and explain spatial differences in population structure
• Understand the consequences of changing population structures – ageing population in the MEDW and youthful population in LEDW
Why could population vary spatially?
• Different living standards / level of development between regions
• Different religious, racial or national groups. • Availability of jobs / types of jobs• Uneven effects of migration.• Effects of AIDS in some countries• Decisions about availability of family planning
UK spatial variations
• Retirement towns e.g. Bournemouth will have a regressive and top-heavy structure because of the in-migration of elderly people
UK spatial variations
• New towns e.g. Milton Keynes or Stevenage will have an expanding population – a ‘bulge’ of younger, economically active people (BR will be above average)
UK spatial variations
• University towns e.g. Oxford or Cambridge will have higher proportions of young adults
• Remote rural areas e.g. central Wales will show the effects of the out-migration of young adults
Spatial variations in the LEDW
• Tanzania – Dar es Salem
Youthful populations in the LEDW
• This is known as a progressive population structure – typical of low income LEDCs e.g. Uganda
Youthful Population in India
Ageing populations in the MEDW
• The regressive population structure
The worldwide distribution of people aged 65 and over
Outline the social, economic, demographic and political implications of
an ageing population in the UK.
• Growing Grey article• Bowen and Pallister P180-181• http://www.geographyinthenews.rgs.org/new
s/article/default.aspx?id=298• http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/uk/2004
/ageing/default.stm• Photocopied sheets
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