CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
BIOTEC INDIA INTERNATIONAL 2003TECHNICAL SESSION V: ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
Waheed KhanInternational Program Manager
Environmental Technology Advancement DirectorateEnvironment Canada
Fuels from the Farm- Benefits of Biodiesel
Developments in Canada
Environment CanadaEnvironnement Canada
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
Status of Biodiesel Development in Canada
Issues
R&D, Technologies
Technology Demonstration
Opportunities
Challenges
Strategies
Development of Research Clusters / Bioplexes
Acknowledgement & Contacts
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STATUS
FEDERAL INITIATIVES – BUDGET 2003
- BIODIESEL EXPANSION TO 500 MILLION LITRES BY 2010.- associated GHG reduction of 1.1 Mt/annum
- EXCISE TAX EXEMPTION OF 4 CENTS/L- BIODIESEL IS OF A BIOLOGICAL, NON FOSSIL FUEL ORIGIN
PROVINCIAL INITIATIVES
- ONTARIO – 14.3 CENT/L SALES TAX WAIVER- QUEBEC – 16.2 CENT/L WAIVER PROPOSED IN LAST BUDGET- OTHER PROVINCES REVIEWING - MANITOBA- BIODIESEL IS OF ESTER ORIGIN (ONTARIO) PLUS ETHER
(QUEBEC)
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ISSUES
CONCERNS ABOUT FEEDTOCK SUPPLY 7.1 MILLION TONNES OF CANOLA & 2.7 MILLION TONNES OF
SOYBEANS PRODUCED IN CANADA IN YEAR 2000. 19.5 MILLION TONNES (23 BILLION LITRES) OF DIESEL FUEL
CONSUMED IN YEAR 2000. 900,000 TONNES OF RENDERED PRODUCT
500 M LITRE GOAL WOULD REPRESENT 2% CONSUMPTION
PUBLIC AWARENESS OF BIODIESEL IS LOW
NEGLIGIBLE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL IN CANADA
BIODIESEL APPROX 15-20% HIGHER IN COST THAN CONVENTIONAL DIESEL IN ONTARIO
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BIOMASS DERIVED DIESEL
R&D, TECHNOLOGIES
ESTERIFICATION
BIOX CORPORATION, MILLIGAN BIOTECH
CETANE ENHANCER
CETC-O
FISCHER TROPSCH DIESEL FROM BIO SYNGAS
ENERKEM
PYROLYSIS OILS
ENSYN, DYNAMOTIVE, RENEWABLE OIL
ACID FEEDSTOCKMETHANOL
AndCO-SOLVENT
Reactor 1
Reactor 2
METHANOLAndSODIUMHYDROXIDE
Vaporizer
VacuumUnit
Separator BIODIESELGLYCEROLAndSULPHATES
Water
DistillationColumn
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
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TECHNOLOGIES
ESTERIFICATION
BIOX CORPORATION, MILLIGAN BIOTECH
CETANE ENHANCER
CETC-OTTAWA
FISCHER TROPSCH DIESEL FROM BIO SYNGAS
ENERKEM
PYROLYSIS OILS
ENSYN, DYNAMOTIVE, RENEWABLE OIL
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
CANMET Cetane Enhancer Technology
Feed
Reactor
Separator
CANMETlow sulphur high cetaneblending stock
Heavy fuel oil stream
Fuel gas by-product
Hydrogen
Gas recycle stream
Liquid product stream
Water
Distillation column
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
TECHNOLOGIES
ESTERIFICATION
BIOX CORPORATION, MILLIGAN BIOTECH
CETANE ENHANCER
CETC-O
FISCHER TROPSCH DIESEL FROM BIO SYNGAS
ENERKEM
PYROLYSIS OILS
ENSYN, DYNAMOTIVE, RENEWABLE OIL
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
aaa
PSA Pretreatment
Gasification
Gas Conditioning
Steam Reforming
Air Wastes
N2-richO2-rich
airDensifiedResidue
Heat(Can be directly added
to the reformer)
G/LSeparator
Liquid WaterRecovery
alcohols
ONE-PASSMixed Alcohol Synthesis
gas kWhe
coolingwater
Enerkem’s Gas-to-Liquid Technology
recyclable products
THREEPhase
Reactor
kWht
(to grid)
(in hot flue gas)
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
Canada
aaa
Biogas, Syngas and Hydrogen from Biomass
Aqueous / SteamTreatment
AnaerobicGasification(digestion)
Drying(using excess heat
from process)
AerobicGasification
(thermochemical)
steam
biomassprocessingresidues
wetbiomass
ligninresidue
+plastics /
inorganics(if MSW usedas feedstock)
CH4 / CO2and
impurities
GasConditioning
CO, H2, CxHy, CO2and
impurities
O2 15% moisture
urbanbiomass
(i.e. sorted MSW)
CatalyticReforming
• particulates• S and Cl as salts• NH3 will be neutralized
steam
PressureSwing
Adsorption
CO2 / H2
CO2 H2
biogas synthetic gas
Gas turbineor
Internal Combustion Engine
air
kWe
kWt
cleanbiogas or synthetic gas
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
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TECHNOLOGIES
ESTERIFICATION
BIOX CORPORATION, MILLIGAN BIOTECH
CETANE ENHANCER
CETC-OTTAWA
FISCHER TROPSCH DIESEL FROM BIO SYNGAS
ENERKEM
PYROLYSIS OILS
ENSYN, DYNAMOTIVE, RENEWABLE OIL
Industry Product Development ReviewSustainable Solutions
INPUTS BASICBUILDINGBLOCKS
INTERMEDIATES DERIVATIVES/APPLICATIONS
CUSTOMERS
Bio-Oil
Char
Biomass
Food ProductIntermediates
NaturalResins
CrossLinkers
Other Polymers &
Co-Polymers
Carbon
LiquidBio-Fuels
SolidBio-Fuel
PhenolSubstitute
IndustrialAdditives
Combustion
Stationary
Variety of FoodProducts
FoodIndustry
WoodIndustry
FoundriesInsulation,Abrasives
Concrete,Asphalt
IndustrialUses
DistributedGeneration
Briquettes,Anodes
Filter Industry
OtherProducts
Transport
Fleets
Commercial + 10 yearsEarly stage commercialDevelopment stage
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BIOBUSBiodiesel Demonstration & Assessment Project
March 2002 to March 2003
155 Transit Buses in Montreal
Consumed 550,000 litres pure biodiesel in 5% & 20% blend
Sources: 24% vegetable oil; 28% animal fat; 48% used cooking oil
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BIOBUS: RESULTS
Estimated CO2 reduction during the project for 155 buses travelling 6.7 million KM, consuming 4.5 million litres: 2,100 ton
One year reduction potential for Canada’s 11,500 buses, travelling 800 million KM consuming 368 million litres diesel: 171,500 ton
Clearly superior lubricity resulting in reduced engine wear; valuable additive to very-low sulphur (<15ppm) diesel fuels
Higher cetane number resulted in improved ignition performance and reduced NOx emmissions
Energy efficiency is comparable; no significant effect on maximum torque & fuel consumption
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
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OPPORTUNITIES
EMISSION BENEFITS – B20 REDUCTIONS OF CO (10%), PM (15%),
HC (10%), SULFATE (20%). NOx (+2%)
NO SULPHUR, HIGH CETANE NUMBER, BIODEGRADABLE
IMPROVES LUBRICITY
TREMENDOUS QUANTITIES OF AVAILABLE BIOMASS
POSITIVE IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE & RURAL SECTORS
“STARS ARE ALIGNED”-
TECHNOLOGY - INNOVATION
ENVIRONMENT/POLICY SIGNIFICANT GHG REDUCTIONS
URBAN POLLUTION - AIR QUALITY
INDUSTRY – RENDERERS (BSE), PETROLEUM (SULPHUR)
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CHALLENGES
FEEDSTOCK SUPPLY – QUANTITY, QUALITY, COST, RELIABILITY
LACK OF SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL DEMONSTRATIONS & COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION FACILITIES
FUEL QUALITY - COLD FLOW, SPECS
END USE – SUPPLY, DISTRIBUTION, APPLICATIONS
FINANCING – FOR EVERYTHING!!
LACK OF ESTABLISHED INDUSTRY AND INFRASTRUCTURE
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STRATEGIES
FEEDSTOCKS
IDENTIFICATION & UTILIZATION OF EXISTING LOW COST
DEDICATED CROPS; MUSTARD, CHOKECHERRY
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR FEEDSTOCK SUPPLY AND END PRODUCT UTILIZATION
TECHNOLOGY
OPTIMIZATION, CO-PRODUCT VALUE ADDED, SCALE UP, ALTERNATIVES – FT, BIO-OIL
END USE DEMONSTRATIONS / VERIFICATIONS
B2 – B5 TESTS. FUEL ECONOMY, LCA, LUBRICITY
EMISSIONS, FUEL SPECS, STANDARDS
PUBLIC AWARENESS & OUTREACH
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BIODIESEL - BEST LINKS
STAKEHOLDERS- INDUSTRY, PROVINCES, MUNICIPALITIES, BIOPRODUCTS CANADA, BIOCAP,- BOTANICAL GARDENS, CANUC….
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT PARTNERSHIPS
AAFC - FEEDSTOCK ISSUES- TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
EC - ENGINE & EMISSIONS TESTSNRC - ENGINE & EMISSIONS TESTS
- LIFE CYCLE ANALYSISHC - HEALTH & SAFETYTC - DEMONSTRATIONS – SFDPIC - TRMNRCAN -TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT & COORDINATION
Communities
Bioplex
(Technology Suppliers & Industry Sector Integrator)
Forest Industry
Agriculture Industry
Hydrocarbon Industry
Utilities
Fu
els
En
viro
nm
enta
l A
mel
iora
tio
n
FuelsChemical By-Products
Environmental
Amelioration
Fuels
Chemic
al B
y-
Product
s
Nutrace
utical
s
Enviro
nmen
tal
Amel
iora
tion
Fuel
sChe
mic
als
Hydro
gen
FuelsPowerHydrogen
Fee
dst
oc k
(MS
W, L
and
fill
Gas
)
Feedstock
Feedstock Mu
lti-
Lev
elIn
teg
rati
on
Investment
Technology
Investment
Technolo
gy
Inve
stm
ent
Investment
Government Manufacturing &Chemical Sectors
CETCCANMET Energy Technology Centre
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BIOREFINERY + – “BIOPLEX”
USE OF BIOMASS MATERIALS TO PRODUCE ENERGY, CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS AT SAME FACILITY
REQUIRES THE TECHNOLOGY PROVIDER TO FUNCTION AS THE INTEGRATOR OF THE RELEVANT SECTORS
INTEGRATED APPROACH THAT INVOLVES; FOREST, AGRICULTURAL AND MUNICIPAL SECTORS AS PROVIDERS OF
FEEDSTOCK, TECHNOLOGY & INVESTMENT AND USERS OF ENERGY & CHEMICALS
HYDROCARBON INDUSTRY AND UTILITIES AS PROVIDERS OF INVESTMENT AND USERS AND DISTRIBUTORS OF ENERGY, FUELS AND CHEMICALS
OTHER SECTORS WOULD PLAY SECONDARY ROLES GOVERNMENT PROVIDES POLICY AND FISCAL SUPPORT MANUFACTURING AND CHEMICAL SECTORS INVOLVED IN DEVELOPING
NEW BIOMATERIALS
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“BIOPLEX” - BENEFITS
GENERATES IMPROVED AND STABLE REVENUE STREAMS
IMPROVES EFFICIENCIES THROUGH SHARED FACILITIES, EXPANDED MARKETS, JOINT PRODUCT & MARKET DEVELOPMENT, SHARING/REDUCTION IN RISKS & CAPITAL
EMPLOYS INNOVATIVE AND LESS POLLUTING TECHNOLOGIES
GIVES INCREASED VISIBILITY, FINANCIAL STRENGTH AND CREDIBILITY TO AN EMERGING “BIOMASS REFINERY” INDUSTRY SECTOR
DEVELOPS STRONG INTRA- & INTER- INDUSTRY ALLIANCES. LEADS TO NEXT GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT & CONTACTS
Terry McIntyre, Environment Canada, Ottawa Environmental Applications of Biotechnology
Alain Gosselin & Pierre Sylvestre, Environment Canada, Montreal Bio-Bus Technology Demonstration
Ed Hogan, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa Bio-diesel R&D, Technologies
Ashwani Nanda, Advisor (Trade), Canadian High Commission New Delhi
Commercial Opportunities with Canada