Car-Sharing fact sheet No. 9Car-Sharing in Small Cities
www.momo-cs.eu June�009 1
Car-Sharing is also possible in smaller cities
Car-Sharing in smaller cities and commu-nities can generally only be organised by volunteers
Wecannotoverlookthefactthatconditionsinsmallercitiesareindeedmorechallenging.There,theconcentrationofpeoplewhoarereadytoarrangetheirmobilitywithoutprivatecarandsharecarswithothersislower.There-forethedensityofpotentialCar-Sharingusersislowerthaninbiggercities.AndfewerCar-Sharingvehiclesmeansalowerprobabilityofbookingssincevariousbookingrequestscannotsoeasilybeshiftedamongtheavailablecarsintimesofgreatestdemand.Fewercarsalsomeansitisnoteconomicallyfeasibletoemployfull-timepaidstaff.Insmallercitiesthatcannotbelookedafterbyprofessionalprovidersinnearbycities(asisdoneintheregionsofHanover,Karlsruhe,andRhine-NeckarbythedifferentStadtmobilorganisations)itmustbesetupandlookedafterbyavolunteer-runorganisation.Thusitdependsonindividualpeopleoragroupoflike-mindedindividualstakingonthistask.Asissooftenthecase,successofsuchvoluntaryundertakingsdependsontheresourcefulnessandactivityofindividual“doers”.Nonetheless,successfulexamplesshowthatCar-Sharingpar-ticipationinsmallercitiesandcommunitiescanmatchorevensurpasstheparticipationlevelsinlargecitieswhenpopulationsizeistakenintoconsideration.Theadministrationsofsmallercitiesandcom-munitiescansupportthedevelopmentoflocal
Fig.1:PartialmapofCar-SharingservicesinGermany.TheCar-SharingofferedaroundMannheim,KarlsruheandFrankfurtisorganisedinconjunctionwithprovidersinthosecities(Source:www.carsharing.de)
OrganisedCar-Sharingisgenerallyacceptedasamobilityoptionforlargecities.ThisfactsheetwilldemonstratethroughseveralEuropeanexamplesthatitisalsopossibletoorganiseCar-Sharinginsmallercitiesandcommunitiesandtoprovideanacceptablelevelofservice.InSwitzerland,410localitiesareservedbytheCar-SharingproviderMobility.OnlythecitiesofZurich,Geneva,Basel,BernandLausannehavemorethan100,000inhabitants.Fouroth-ers(Winterthur,St.Gallen,LucerneandLugano)havebetween50,000and100,000inhabit-ants,andafurther�4havebetween�0,000and50,000.ThusthemajorityofSwisslocali-tiesinwhichanoutstandinglevelofCar-Sharingserviceisprovidedhavefewerthan�0,000inhabitants.InGermany,166citiesandcommunitiesservedbyCar-Sharingprovidershavefewerthan50,000inhabitantsand78communitieshavefewerthan�0,000(asofthemiddleof�008).
Car-Sharingservicesthroughthefollowingmeasures:• Theycanbecomebusinesscustomersofthe
Car-Sharingserviceanduseitfortheirownwork-relatedtravel.
• Theycanreducetheeconomicriskinthestart-upphasebyguaranteeing(possiblyforapre-establishedperiodoftime)aminumumlevelofuse.
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Car-Sharing fact sheet No. 9Car-Sharing in Small Cities
• Theycanusetheircommunicationchannelswithinthecommunitytopromotetheservice.
Example: Vaterstetten near Munich (Germany)
InthecommunityofVaterstetteneastofMu-nich(population�1,000),aCar-Sharingservicewasestablishedin199�thathascontinuedtogroweversince.Asofthebeginningof�009,90privateandfourcommercialmembers(with
atotalof175drivers)sharethesociety’ssevencars.Theprovider,theVaterstettenerAuto-Teiler e. V., is organised as a non-profit society, andiswellorganisedandwellconnectedinthelocalcommunityandwiththelocalauthority.Theworkloadcreatedbysevenvehiclesdoesn’tjustifythehiringofanemployeetotakeontheorganisationoftheCar-Sharingfull-time.Allthenecessaryworkisdoneonavoluntarybasis,dividedamongthesociety’smembers,athirdofwhomhavetakenonatleastonetaskforthesociety.TheVaterstettencarsharerstakeonmorethansimplytheworkoftheirownCar-Sharingorganisation.Theyalsoseethemselvesas“de-velopmentsupportworkers”forthoseinterest-edinstartingCar-Sharinginothersmalllocali-ties.KlausBreindl,chairoftheVaterstettenerAuto-Teilere.V.aswellasmemberofexecutiveboardoftheBundesverbandCarSharing(bcs–theGermannationalCar-Sharingumbrella
organisation)hasprovidedcountlessgroupswithinitialconsultationfreeofchargeandhashelpedtobringmanyCar-Sharingsocietiesintobeing.Technically-accomplishedsocietymembershavedevelopedsystemcomponentssuchaselectronicdataprocessing-basedbook-ingsystemsoravehicleaccesssystemthatisinexpensiveandspeciallytailoredtotheneedsofsmallerorganisations.Thesesystemshavebeenmadeavailabletoothersmallorganisa-tionsatcostprice.
Example: Albertslund in Denmark
AlbertslundDelebil,theCar-SharingproviderinthecommunityofAlbertslund,approximately�8,000inhabitants14kmwestofCopenhagen,setupoperationsinJuly�000withonecarandsevenmembers.Sincethen,thesocietyhasbecome a not-for-profit provider of 19 vehicles thataresharedby111members.Theworkiscarriedoutentirelyonavoluntarybasis.To-getherwithotherDanishCar-Sharingsocieties,AlbertslundDelebilhasbuiltupitsownbookingsystem.
Example: Moorcar in Great Britain
In�00�,sixmembersestablishedtheCar-SharingproviderMoorcarinAshburn,England.Today,theorganisationoperatessevenvehiclesinfoursmalltownsinthesoutherncornerofDartmoor;theareacoveredisapproximately300squaremilesandisadecidedlyruralpartofEngland.Sevenyearsafteritsfounding,ap-proximately55individualsandonecommercialcustomersharethevehicles.Bytheirownac-count,all55membershavegivenupaprivatecarintheirhouseholdbecauseofCar-Sharing.
Fig.�:ReservedCar-SharingparkingspotinVaterstetteninacentralcarparkofthemunicipality(Source:WilliLoose,bcs)
Fig. 3: The Car-Sharing fleet of Moorcar has grown to seven cars in seven years(Source:Moorcar)
Car-Sharing fact sheet No. 9Car-Sharing in Small Cities
www.momo-cs.eu June�009 3
TheDartmoorNationalParkAuthorityhasastandingreservationduringbusinesshours.TheorganisersareproudtohaveestablishedMoorcar as the first Car-Sharing service in a ru-ralarea,anditcontinuestogrow.Whenasked,theywillinglyhelpintheestablishmentofotherCar-Sharingsocietiesinthearea.
The Swiss example – near-professional car care in rural regions
Asnotedabove,Car-SharingisofferedinmanylocationsinSwitzerlandwithpopulationsbelow�0,000.Amongthemareanumberofcommu-nitiesthatarenotwithineasyreachofalargercity.Nonetheless,theSwissCar-Sharingpro-viderMobilityoffersaqualityofcarcareequaltothatinlargercities.HowdoesMobilitydoit?It would be too inefficient and expensive in theseareastohaveCar-Sharingvehiclesmain-tainedandservicedbyMobility’sprofessional
servicetechnicians,asisdoneinthelargercities.Theywouldcovercountlesskilometrestravellingtothewidelyscatteredvehicles.Instead,part-timelocalmaintenancetechni-ciansarecontracted–forasmallfeetocoverexpenses–tolookafterthecarsonanongo-ingbasis,tocleanthem,andtoperformsmallmaintenancetasks.TheremainderoftheservicesprovidedbyMobilitycanbetakencareofovertheInternetorbyits�4-hourcallcentresothatcustomerservicetoruralcustomersisnotdifferentthanthatprovidedtourbancustomers.ThroughacollaborationestablishedwiththeSwissPostalService,anyoneinterestedinMobilityCar-Shar-ingcansignupatbiggerpostaloutletsacrossthecountry–providingnearlynationwidecoverage.
Fig.4:mapofMobilityCar-SharingstationsinSwitzerland(asoftheendof�007;asofspring�009,therearemorethan1,100stations)(Source:MobilityCooperative)
4 June�009 www.momo-cs.eu
Car-Sharing fact sheet No. 9Car-Sharing in Small Cities
IEEdisclaimer:
Thesoleresponsibilityforthecontentofthisfactsheetlieswiththeauthors.It does not necessarily refl ect the opinion of the European Communities. The EuropeanCommissionisnotresponsibleforanyusethatmaybemadeoftheinformationcontainedtherein.
Supportedby
Further information:
VaterstettenerAuto-Teilere.V.:http://www.carsharing-vaterstetten.de/(inGerman)Moorcar,England:http://www.moorcar.co.uk/(inEnglish)AlbertslundDelebil:http://www.albertslund-delebil.dk/(inDanish)MobilityCooperative,Switzerland:http://www.mobility.ch/(inGerman,FrenchandEnglish)
momo project co-ordination
City of BremenThe Senator for Environment, Construction, Transport and European AffairsMichaelGlotz-Richter&MichaelFrömmingAnsgaritorstr.��8195Bremen,GermanyTel.:+49(0)4�136117485,Fax:+49(0)4�[email protected]
Belgium Bond Beter Leefmilieuwww.bondbeterleefmilieu.be
Taxistopwww.taxistop.be
International Association for Public Transportwww.uitp.org
AuthorWilliLooseBundesverbandCarSharinge.V.Hausmannstr.9-1030159HannoverGermanywilli.loose@carsharing.dewww.carsharing.de
Czech Republic Institute for Environmental Policyhttp://ekopolitika.cz
Finland Motivawww.motiva.fi
GermanyThe Senator for Environ-ment, Construction, Trans-port and European Affairshttp://bauumwelt.bremen.de
orange = Folie oracal 751: pastellorange (35) — HKS 6 N — 4c: 49 magenta, 91 yellowblau = Folie oracal 551: verkehrsblau (57) — HKS 42 N — 4c: 100 cyan, 60 magenta
Verwendung auf dunklem Untergrund
Cambio Mobilitäts-service GmbHwww.cambio-carsharing.de
Bundesverband CarSharing e.V.www.carsharing.de
Greece Center for Renewable Energy Sourceswww.cres.gr
Ireland
Mendes GoCar Ltd. & GoCar CarSharingwww.mendes.ie,www.gocar.ie
Italy
Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea (IME)www.minambiente.it
Italian Board for New Technologies Energy and Environment (ENEA)www.enea.it
Spain
Foundation Sustainable and Safety Mobility
www.fundaciomobilitatsostenible.org
ver.�.0,09/�009
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