Cambridge Venture ProjectDigital Preservation and Long Term Access Functionality
Group 12: Yunghan Au, Rizik Kandalaft, Ming Kuang, Savita NairThursday, December 9, 2010
Disclaimer: This work has been undertaken as part of a student educational project and the material should be viewed in this context. The work does not constitute professional advice and no warranties are made regarding the information presented. The Authors, Cambridge Judge Business School and its Faculty do not accept any liability for the consequences of any action taken a result of the work or any recommendations made or inferred.
Agenda
Introduction Digital Preservation Open Planets Foundation
Project Objectives
Research Methodology
Secondary Research
Primary Research: Healthcare Industry
Summary & Recommendations
?
Open Planets Foundation
Independent, not-for-profit organization, derived from EU funded Planets Project
Commitment to an open-source framework
Membership mainly Memory Organizations
Migration & emulation services to actively prevent data format obsolescence
Promotion of digital preservation practices for homes and businesses
Project Objectives
Investigate global demand for digital preservation Global market size > $1 Bn
Identify a target industry in the corporate market Healthcare
Primary research and analysis of Healthcare Industry 92% interested in long-term data access 80% estimate cost of data loss to be high
Consultancy interest in OPF offerings Interested if established as an industry standard
Market Size (1 of 2)
1 Gantz, J.F. (2008) The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, IDC White Paper, March. Available at: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/diverse-exploding-digital-universe.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).2 EB = 1,024 PB; PB = 1,024 TB; TB = 1,024 GB3 Schofield, J. (2010) Google finally enters the online storage arena with a free 1GB. Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/blog/2010/jan/12/google-docs-storage-cloud-gdrive (Accessed: 8 December 2010).
~ $10 Tn / year
Volume of Data Generation = 1,530 EB1,2
% Data Preservation = 35%1
2011 Forecasted Data
Preservation Cost
$0.25 / GB3
Market Potential
1,530 EB * 0.35 = 530 EB
Volume of DataPreservation
Market Size (2 of 2)
Data Generation
Third party storage industry
DataPreservation
Expected Market Size
In 2011
$1.62 Bn1
Minimum Market Size
in 2011
~ $1 Bn
* 60 - 70%2
1 Market Size in 2010 ($1.45 Bn) * CAGR (11.7%) Source: IDC. (2009) Worldwide Archiving Software 2009-
2013 Forecast. Available at:
http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerId=219114
2 Phone conversation with Jing Wang, Strategic Business Manager, EMC
Data Storage
Preservation and Access
Research Methodology
Financial Services• Strict data retention regulations around transaction data
Aerospace & Defense• Digital Earth observation data vital to future research; Product lifecycle vs. deployment cycle
Industry Specific Considerations
Oil and Gas• 3D Seismic data monitored for on-time decision making
Manufacturing• Product life cycle (5-20 years) vs. technology lifecycle (4-5 years)
Healthcare• Electronic patient records (EPRs), including family medical history
Refer to Appendices 2-7 for detailed analyses of the industries mentioned in this slide.
Potential Drivers of Demand
Digital Preservation
Software Spend
Data Storage
Cost of Data Loss
Cost of Data Replacement
Industry Standards
Regulations
- Fines- Reputation- Rework / Lower
productivity- Customer
dissatisfaction- Loss of irrecoverable
data
- Reverse engineer- Recreate lost
information
Weighted Relative PointsFinancial Services
HealthcareAerospace & Defense
Oil & Gas
Manufacturing
Cost of data replacement 18 12 6 12 18Cost of data loss 15 25 25 20 10Regulations 8 20 4 4 4Industry standards 3 3 9 6 15Data storage 10 8 0 10 6Software spend 5 1 0 0 4Total 59 69 44 52 57
Relative PointsFinancial Services
HealthcareAerospace & Defense
Oil & Gas
Manufacturing
Cost of data replacement 3 2 1 2 3Cost of data loss 3 5 5 4 2Regulations 2 5 1 1 1Industry standards 1 1 3 2 5Data Storage / Archiving 5 4 0 5 3Software Spending 5 1 0 0 4Total 19 18 10 14 18
Weight
654321
Secondary Research Findings
*
Regulations
5 years
6 years
3 years
5 years
5 years
5 years
6 years
6 years
Indefinite5 years
2 years
7 yearsIndefinite
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
Sarbanes-Oxley Act
Basel II Accord
SEC 17a(3,4)
NASD 2210, 2711, 3010, 3110
MiFID
USA Patriot Act
Bank Secrecy Act / AML
Financial Services Authority
HIPAA
UK Dept of Health
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Data Retention Directive
US firms in litigation US listed cos. Telecom Energy Healthcare Financial Services
Maximum Retention Period
Telecommunication
IndustryRegulation
Energy
Healthcare
Financial Services
US listed companies
US firms in litigation
Healthcare Records
Source: Records Management, NHS Code of Practice, Part 2 (2nd Edition). Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/ (Accessed: 7 December 2010)
15
20
25
26
30
50
Indefinite
Clinical trials, Drug trials, Research records, Standard operating procedures
Scanned documents, Mental health, Utrasound records, Physiotherapy
Maternity, Children and young people, Clinical protocol (GP)
Controlled drug documentation
Human DNA, Blood bank register, Transplantation, Genetic records, Oncology
Human fertilization records, Research records
Electronic patient records (EPRs), X-ray reports, Mammography screens, Diagnostic Image Data,
Environmental monitoring results
Retention (Years)
Healthcare (1 of 2)
Surveyed (24)
Archived 80%
6 – 10 years
21+ years
Long-term access
92%
6 – 10 years
21+ years
MillionsHundreds of ThousandsThousands
80% estimated the cost of data loss at hundreds of thousands or millions of
pounds
Healthcare (2 of 2)
Inability to access
73%
Long-term access (22)
6 – 10 years
21+ years
Present
Future
In-house
Third-Party
May pay for a service if available
May use OPF’s tools quickly with further awareness
Harder sell, tied in to current solutions
May integrate OPF’s technology with further awareness
SWOT Analysis
Target MarketSimilar Differe
nt
Product
Similar
Different
STRENGTHS
1. Non profit foundation
2. Flexible service offering
3. Alliance with memory institutions
1. First to market2. Infant market3. High expected
growth in demand
WEAKNESSES
OPPORTUNITIES
THREATS
1. Lack of brand recognition
2. No standardized product
3. Reliance on non-OPF personnel for service delivery
1. Perceived instability of open-source technology
2. Cutbacks 3. Competitors
Consultant Talk
Proprietary formats may not be open to conversion
Open XML is not compatible with every data format
Appealing to clients if established as an industry standard “How do I know this technology will meet the
regulatory requirement?”1
Prerequisites to “buy” Technology stability Commercial viability
1Phone conversation with Satish Babu, President and Co-founder, InApp Source: See Appendix 13
Summary
Global market size greater than $1 Bn
Healthcare industry shows high potential High cost of data loss Regulatory requirements
38% willing to pay for third-party solutions
Consultancies reluctant to adopt OPF technologies without established industry standards
Recommendations
Create an industry standard for digital preservation of specific data formats
IEEE Standards Association (http://standards.ieee.org/) Dr. Sorel Reisman, IEEE Computer Society President (2011)
Establish alliance with organizations committed to digital preservation and open source technology
ESA-ESRIN InApp – Satish Babu, President and Co-founder, InApp Healthcare Information & Management Systems Society (HIMSS)
Attend events organized by healthcare organizations and introduce the idea of a pilot project
HIMSS Conference – February 20-24, 2011 (Orlando, United States) NHS Innovations Council – Prof. Alan Barrell, Chairman NHS Innovation
Council East of England
A world leading school for business at the heart of Cambridge
Appendix 1: Data storage
Worldwide archiving market size = $1.3 Bn1
Industry expert opinion on global storage trends Yue Zhu – Senior Finance Manager, Honeywell
China Jing Wang – Strategic Business Manager, EMC
China
1 IDC. (2010) Worldwide Archiving Software 2009 Vendor Shares. Available at: http://www.idc.com/research/viewdocsynopsis.jsp?containerId=223466§ionId=null&elementId=null&pageType=SYNOPSIS (Accessed: 7 December 2010)
Appendix 2: Financial Services
Key consideration: Transaction records Large fines and penalties for lost customer
information Regulations require record retention for only 3-
6 years "Financial services industry accounts for just
6% of the digital universe today and will fall to 3% by 2011."1
1Gantz, J.F. (2008) The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, IDC White Paper, March. Available at: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/diverse-exploding-digital-universe.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).
69% healthcare organizations expect data volumes to grow1
Picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) EPR files Scanned documents, primarily PDF
UK Department of Health: “EPRs must not be destroyed, or deleted, for the foreseeable future”2
7/24/365 accessibility crucial
Potential size of market is uncertain Lifetime of EPR expected to be 125 years3
Appendix 3: Healthcare
1Research Diagnoses the Underlying Causes of Healthcare Data Upsurge, www.bridgeheadsoftware.com2Records Management, NHS Code of Practice, Part 2 (2nd Edition). Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/ (Accessed: 7 December 2010)3Scott, R.E. (2007) ‘e-Records in health – Preserving our future’, International Journal of Medical Informatics, 76 (2007), pp. 427-431. ScienceDirect [Online]. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
Appendix 4: Aerospace
Key consideration 1: Digital Earth observation data
High cost of lost data for future generations Climate change effects on Earth’s topography
No definition of retention time period Primarily dependent on government budgets
Short term administrations unlikely to invest in long term preservation
Understands the need for digital preservation, struggles to articulate value -> Alliance with OPF?
Appendix 5: Defense
Key consideration 2: Deployment cycle A useful life of 10 years or more are expected
from storage systems “Some military mission flight recorders (black
boxes) from the late 1970s are still in service”1
Data loss is not an option Irreplaceable data Highly sensitive applications
1Howard, C.E. (2009) ‘Secure information storage: military and aerospace equipment designers have a wealth of online options available to fill the ever-increasing need for secure data storage in the field’, Military and Aerospace Electronics, Volume 20, Issue 12. Factiva [Online]. Available at: http://global.factiva.com (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
Appendix 6: Oil & Gas
Key consideration: 3D Seismic data Sensors monitor activity at exploration
point and transfer information to headquarters to enable effective decision making
Chevron accumulates 2 TBs a day1
Geological data set for an oil field = 200 TB1
1Gantz, J.F. (2008) The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, IDC White Paper, March. Available at: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/diverse-exploding-digital-universe.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).
Appendix 7: Manufacturing(1 of 2)
Key consideration: Product life cycle Long term use of product data is “hampered by
the ephemeral nature of CAD file formats and the applications that work with them”
Several applications used in different phases of the product lifecycle
Expected amount of data to be preserved* = 80 EB1
* For 10 years or more
1Gantz, J.F. (2008) The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, IDC White Paper, March. Available at: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/diverse-exploding-digital-universe.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).
Appendix 7: Manufacturing(2 of 2)
Key consideration: Product life cycle
Products forced into obsolescence Software support often unavailable for products in the
Field Support stage Files in older versions cannot be accessed by the latest
application tools
Product Life
Cycle
Technology Life Cycle
Up to 20 years
Field SupportProductionDesign
T T T T
T Technology changes
Financial Services Recover transaction
information and customer trust
Manufacturing Reverse engineering
costs The need for digital
preservation is higher in industries where the lost data cannot be replaced Healthcare Aerospace & Defense
Appendix 8: Cost of Data Replacement
Finan
cial S
ervice
s
Health
care
Aerosp
ace &
Defense
Oil & Gas
Manufac
turing
0
5
10
15
20
25
Wei
ghte
d Re
lativ
e Po
ints
Healthcare Medical history
irrecoverable if electronic patient records (EPRs) are lost
Software obsolescence found to be especially challenging for diagnostic images
Aerospace & Defense High cost of lost climate
change data for future generations
Appendix 9: Cost of Data Loss
Finan
cial S
ervice
s
Health
care
Aerosp
ace &
Defense
Oil & Gas
Manufac
turing
0
5
10
15
20
25
Wei
ghte
d Re
lativ
e Po
ints
Financial Services24%
Public Sector18%
Manufacturing18%
Retail
Communications
Other*
Healthcare
Appendix 10: Software Spend
*Agriculture, Mining, Construction, Services, Utilities, and Transportation
IT spending highest in US and Europe, Financial Services
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/rsink/gartner-report-it-spending-2010 (no date). (Accessed: 1 November 2010)
Appendix 11: Primary Research
Double click to open
Appendix 12: Competitors
Company Introduction VisionBusiness
Model
Chronopolis
Chronopolis is a national center organization for the management, long-term preservation, and promulgation of national digital assets.
Chronopolis addresses this critical problem (digital information) and provide the service of long-term data preservation and access
Non-for-profit; membership
InApp
InApp provides reengineering & migration services to software and hardware. It helps customers reengineer legacy systems, upgrade current products to a new platform, architecture, OS and / or language.
InApp is committed to be a world class business solution provider delivering exceptional value to the customer leveraging on an organization culture that promotes innovation and excellence.
For-profit and offer service
ESA-ESRIN
The largest European earth observation (EO) data provider and operates as the reference European centre for EO payload data exploitation.
Many users are calling for the need to preserve the EO data and ensure long-term accessibility.
Non-for-profit; membership
EMCNo.1 company for data storage service and start researching on preservation
Offer the best service on data storage and access
For-profit and offer service
Appendix 13: Consultant Advisors
Satish Babu – President and Co-founder, InApp Jing Wang – Strategic Business Manager, EMC
China Joseph Abraham – Senior Vice President, HCL
America
Appendix 14: Regulation & Formats
Finance
Cross-sector
Government
Source: Watson Hall Ltd. UK Data Retention Requirements. Available at: https://www.watsonhall.com/methodology/uk-data-retention-requirements.pl (no date) (Accessed: 6 December 2010).
Appendix 15: References (1 of 4)
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2. Eastwood, G. (2006) ‘The IT Services opportunity in vertical sectors’, Datamonitor 360 [Online]. Available at: http://360.datamonitor.com/ (Accessed: 1 November 2010).
3. http://www.slideshare.net/rsink/gartner-report-it-spending-2010 (no date). (Accessed: 1 November 2010).
4. Mohammed, A. (2007) ‘Retention challenge’, Computer Weekly, Oct 16, 2007, pp. 26, 28. ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry [Online]. Available at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1381419601 (Accessed: 1 November 2010).
5. Dr. Gishner, B. (2006) The Role of ISO 10303 (STEP) in Long Term Data Retention. Available at: http://edge.cs.drexel.edu/LTKR/Gischner%20-%20STEP%20Presentation%20on%20LTKR.pdf (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
6. Harada, R. (2003) ‘Are you prepared for long-term data preservation? - first in/first out’, Computer Technology Review, Oct 2003 [Online]. Available at: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BRZ/is_10_23/ai_111062977/ (Accessed: 2 November 2010).
7. Ex Libris Ltd. CASE STUDY: DIGITAL PRESERVATION AT THE NATIONAL LIBRARY OF NEW ZEALAND. Preservation: A Forward-Looking Mission. Available at: http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/files/CaseStudy/SunPreservationandNLNZ.pdf (Accessed: 29 October 2010).
8. Gantz, J.F. (2008) The Diverse and Exploding Digital Universe, IDC White Paper, March. Available at: http://www.emc.com/collateral/analyst-reports/diverse-exploding-digital-universe.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).
9. Iron Mountain Incorporated. (2010) New Insights in Records Management Compliance. Available at: http://www.ironmountain.com/webcasts/New-Insights-in-Records-Management-Compliance.html (Accessed: 29 November 2010).
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11. InTechnology Ltd. (2004) Making Sense of Data Law, InTechnology Managed Services White Paper, April. Available at: http://www.intechnology.co.uk/documents/whitepapers/MakingSense_DataLaw.pdf (Accessed: 2 November 2010).
Appendix 15: References (2 of 4)
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13. Covington & Burling LLP. (2006) White Paper on Data Retention of Voice mail for Regulated and Unregulated Industries in the U.S. and E.U. Microsoft Corporation. Available at: http://download.microsoft.com (Accessed: 30 October 2010).
14. Clark, E. (2004) ‘Data retention regulations: keeping it legal’, Network Magazine, Mar 2004, 19 (3), pp. 24-30. ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry [Online]. Available at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1381419601 (Accessed: 7 November 2010).
15. Brooks, P.K. (1997). ‘Records Retention: Producing value from compliance’, ABA Bank Compliance, May/Jun 1997, 18 (5), pp. 42. ABI/INFORM Global [Online]. Available at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1381419601 (Accessed: 7 November 2010).
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17. Furness, V. (2007). ‘The future of regulatory compliance - Strategies for a second wave of regulation’, Datamonitor 360 [Online]. Available at: http://360.datamonitor.com/ (Accessed: 1 November 2010).
18. Harris, R. (2010) ‘100 year data preservation’, ZDNet, 22 September. Available at: http://www.zdnet.com/blog/storage/100-year-data-preservation/1093?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+ZDNetBlogs+%28ZDNet+All+Blogs%29 (Accessed: 15 November 2010).
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21. CA Technologies. (2010) The Avoidable Cost of Downtime, CA Technology Research Report. Available at: http://www.arcserve.com/files/supportingpieces/acd_report_100908_244254.pdf (Accessed: 5 November 2010).
Appendix 15: References (3 of 4)
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23. http://www.metricstream.com/solutions/ferc_compliance.htm (no date) (Accessed: 27 November 2010).
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25. Lyman, P. (2002) ‘Archiving the World Wide Web’, Building a National Strategy for Digital Preservation, April. Available at: http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub106/web.html (Accessed: 8 November 2010).
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27. ALSTON + BIRD LLP. What are the HIPAA rules? Available at: http://www.klsecurity.com/hipaa_regulation.htm (no date) (Accessed: 27 November 2010).
28. Moffet, B.L. (2004) Timeframes for Document Retention. Available at: http://www.gfrlaw.com/pubs/GordonPubDetail.aspx?xpST=PubDetail&pub=96 (Accessed: 3 December 2010).
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31. Lee, J.J. (2005) ‘The Compliance Imperative: Managing Record Retention in a Rapidly Changing Regulatory Environment’, DM Review, 15(6), pp. 38-41. ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry [Online]. Available at: : http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1381419601 (Accessed: 6 December 2010).
32. Watson Hall Ltd. UK Data Retention Requirements. Available at: https://www.watsonhall.com/methodology/uk-data-retention-requirements.pl (no date) (Accessed: 6 December 2010).
Appendix 15: References (4 of 4)
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34. Nettleton, E., and Watts, M. (2007) ‘Assessing the costs of data retention in the UK’, Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 15, no. 1, pp. 56-59. Business Source Complete, EBSCOhost [Online]. Available at: http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=30050546&site=bsi-live (Accessed: 1 November 2010).
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37. Mitchell, D.R. and Mitchell, J.A. (2006) ‘Status of clinical gene sequencing data reporting and associated risks for information loss’, Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 40 (2007), pp. 47-54. ScienceDirect [Online]. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
38. Howard, C.E. (2009) ‘Secure information storage: military and aerospace equipment designers have a wealth of online options available to fill the ever-increasing need for secure data storage in the field’, Military and Aerospace Electronics, Volume 20, Issue 12. Factiva [Online]. Available at: http://global.factiva.com (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
39. Naccarati, P. (2003) Data Storage: Managing Obsolescence, Adtron Marketing, June. Available at: http://www.adtron.com/pdf/AdtronMO030606.pdf (Accessed: 3 November 2010).
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41. Scott, R.E. (2007) ‘e-Records in health – Preserving our future’, International Journal of Medical Informatics, 76 (2007), pp. 427-431. ScienceDirect [Online]. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com (Accessed: 4 November 2010).
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