by Noorhanizah Sahadani & Dr Sallimah M. Salleh Universiti
Brunei Darussalam Research EETitle: INVESTIGATING STUDENTS
ACCEPTANCE OF TABLET PC IN LEARNING SCIENCE: AN APPLICATION OF THE
MODIFIED TECHNOLOGY ACCEPTANCE MODEL EDULEARN 14
Slide 2
THE PURPOSE OF STUDY To investigate students acceptance of
using Tablet PC in learning Science by applying The Unified Theory
of Acceptance and Use of technology (UTAUT) model (Venkatesh,
Morris, David & Davis, 2003).
Slide 3
The findings of this research exercise could help educators
with their decisions to use Tablet PC in classroom teaching and
learning in science. to foresee what students feel inform educators
how to improve students willingness to adjust teachers strategies
and tactics Significance of the study
Slide 4
Theoretical Framework Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) Theory of
Planned Behviour (TPB) Theory of Acceptance Model (TAM) Unified
Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) The acceptance
factors of using technology have been studied years ago: Moran
(2003) (Ajzen & Fishbein 1980) (Ajzen, 1985) (Venkatesh, Moris,
David and Davis,2003). (Davis,1986)
Slide 5
Theoretical Framework The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use
of Technology (UTAUT) which incorporates both human and social
variables. It was develop by Venkatesh, Moris, David and Davis
(2003).
Slide 6
Research Method Research designQuantitative method Sample2
schools from 5 clusters 100 students each school year 10 learning
science as one of the subject The instrumentSurvey (base from the
UTAUT model + input from pilot study) Analysis dataSPSS Survey is
chosen to conduct research because according to Johnson, K. (2011)
Large sample is possible Wide range of information Relatively easy
to administer Economical
Slide 7
ConstructDescription Performance Expectancy (PE) Degree to
which students believes that using a Tablet PC will help accomplish
gain in learning Science. Effort Expectancy (EE) The degree of ease
of students using Tablet in learning Science Social influence (SI)
The degree to which students important person for example parents,
teachers and peers influence them to use Tablet PC in learning
Science. Facilitating conditions (FC)The degree to which the
student believe that the school and application resources in tablet
PC exists to support the use of Tablet PC in learning Science.
Slide 8
Research Questions and Hypothesis Research QuestionStatistical
analysis 1.What are the performance expectancy (PE), Effort
Expectancy (EE), Social influence (SI) and facilitating factors
(FC) factors that influence students use of Tablet PC in learning
Science? To identify the indicator variables of each of the
construct PE, EE, SI and FC. 1.Factor analysis [identify set of
underlying factors that describe correlation of set of items] 2.
Descriptive statistic, mean & standard deviation
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 16
Research Questions and Hypothesis 2. How do Effort Expectancy
(EE) and Performance Expectancy (PE) to the use of Tablet PC in
learning Science relate to students Attitude (AT) to use Tablet PC
in learning Science? There will be a positive relationship between:
a)Performance Expectancy (PE) and Behavioral Intentions (BI)
b)Effort expectancy (EE) and Behavioral Intentions (BI) c)Social
influence (SI) and Behavioral Intentions (BI) There will be a
positive relationship between Behavioural Intentions (BI) and Use
Behaviour (UB) 1.Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) [confirmatory
& exploratory for theory testing & theory development]
Slide 17
Slide 18
3. How do Performance Expectancy (PE), Social Influence (SI),
Facilitating Condition (FC) along with the additional factor that
is Self Efficacy (SE) to the use of Tablet PC in learning Science
relate to students behavioral intention (BI) to use Tablet PC in
learning Science? H3: There will be a positive relationship between
students believe to have gain in schools (Performance Expectancy)
to students intention to use Tablet PC (BI) in learning Science;
H4: There will be a positive relationship between students
important person (Social Influence) to students intention to use
Tablet PC (BI) in learning Science; H5: There will be a positive
relationship between availability and access (Facilitating
Condition) to support the use of Tablet PC in learning Science and
students intention to use Tablet PC (BI) in learning Science; and
H6: There will be a positive relationship between how well students
are able to use Tablet PC on their own in learning Science (Self
Efficacy) to students intention to use Tablet PC (BI) in learning
Science are postulated. Research Questions and Hypothesis
Slide 19
Slide 20
4. How do students attitudes (AT) to the use of Tablet PC in
learning Science relates to the behavioral intention (BI) to the
use of Tablet PC in learning Science? H7: There will be a positive
relationship between students attitudes (AT) to the use of Tablet
PC in learning Science and behavioral intention (BI) to use Tablet
PC in learning Science is postulated.
Slide 21
Slide 22
Conclusions and Recommendations The research findings
demonstrated the model to have a good fit with the data except
performance expectancy to students attitude on the use of Tablet PC
where it was found to have no significant relationship to each
other. Nevertheless, Performance Expectancy (PE) was found to be
significant through direct influence to accept Tablet PC in
learning Science. As highlighted earlier, these findings of
research study could help educators with their decisions to use
Tablet PC in classroom teaching and helps to foresee what students
feel regarding the use of Tablet PC in learning Science. The
findings of this study also inform educators on how to assist
students to use the Tablet PC in learning Science and to improve
students willingness to adopt the use of Tablet PC in learning
Science. Educators can also adjust their strategies and tactics for
providing student the potential benefits of Tablet PC in learning
Science..
Slide 23
The overall results revealed that the key determinant of
accepting Tablet PC in learning Science are the students attitude
as it has the highest direct influence. This shows that it is
important to deal with students attitude to convince them to accept
Tablet PC in learning Science. Schools attempting to use Tablet PC
will have a much higher probability of success if they provide
specific training for the proper use of the Tablet PC. By looking
at the direct influence to students attitudes, any improvements
should focus more at making students feel at ease on the use of
Tablet PC in learning Science as Effort Expectancy (EE) was found
to be significant when compare to Performance Expectancy (PE).
Direct supervision or online help will ease students with their
problem on the use of the technology. These will also aid with
their confidence level so will improve students self efficacy.
Social influence from parents, teachers and principals was found to
be the second highest contributor to accepting the use of Tablet PC
in learning Science. Schools should create an environment where the
use of Tablet PC is welcomed. Teachers might want to slowly start
using Tablet PC in Science classroom, and principal might encourage
students to use Tablet PC in class with teachers guidance. To
further influence students to accept Tablet PC in learning Science,
students need to appreciate the academic benefits to the use of
Tablet PC in learning Science and then they will be more likely to
want to use them in their studies. Lastly, schools attempting to
the use Tablet PC will also have a better probability to success if
they provide facilitating conditions for students for example the
Tablet PC itself, and providing wireless connection in the
school.