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Page 1: By Isabelle Hale

By Isabelle Hale

How Fireworks Work

Page 2: By Isabelle Hale

FireworksFireworks have been around for thousands of years

The fireworks I have researched explode in the air, although there are many different types of firecrackers

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About Fireworks Fireworks are also

called “Pyrotechnics” Many states prohibit use

of fireworks because of the extreme explosive power

Made of a combination of gunpowder and other ingredients packed tightly in hollow paper tubes

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History of Fireworks The Chinese discovered

the reaction of charcoal and sulfur around the first century A.D., although the early time of the first fireworks is unknown

The Chinese first used fireworks in religious ceremonies and festivals

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History of Fireworks A Chinese man discovered

that adding salt to the firework would make it flare up and explode like in a fire

Potassium nitrate (similar to salt) was added to the firecrackers

Around the year 1000 A.D., it was discovered that the Chinese had invented “gunpowder”

Page 6: By Isabelle Hale

History of Fireworks The Chinese invention of

gunpowder was first used in war in 1000 A.D. when Sung China was invaded by Khiatin barbarians

Gunpowder was put in a paper box and used similarly to fireworks

In the Sung Dynasty, fire stones were invented for use in warfare

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1st Action-How Fireworks Work

First, the fuse, which is a long, string like roll of paper, is lit. The fuse is a special type of coated string specially attached to the rocket. The fuse is located at the end of the firework.

This is a picture of some people preparing for a fireworks show and the man is checking and lighting a fuse.

Page 8: By Isabelle Hale

2nd Action-How Fireworks Work

Next, the spark from the fuse reaches a gunpowder charge in the firework and ignites it, forming gases that stream out of the end of the firecracker. Fireworks that explode on the ground do not have this gunpowder charge.

This picture is of a rocket, not a firework, although it shows the action of streaming gases propelling the rocket.

Page 9: By Isabelle Hale

3rd Action-How Fireworks Work The streaming gases

propel the rocket, and the rocket shoots up into the air

When the firecracker reaches it’s highest point, the finer powder in the firecracker is ignited at a finer charge, then it explodes

Finer powder

Fuse

Diagram of the inside of a firework

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4th Action-How Fireworks Work

The explosion breaks up the firecracker and ignites small “stars” in the middle of the rocket

StarsDiagram of a spherical firework shell

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5th Action-How Fireworks Work

During the explosion, chemicals that produce colors are ignited

Sodium compounds are used for yellow, strontium compounds for red, copper and barium for blue and green, and charcoal for a “sparkling” effect

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Flares

A flare is similar to a firework and is used to set off a red color flame used as a danger signal and warning on railways and highways.

Page 13: By Isabelle Hale

Torpedoes Torpedoes are used similarly as fireworks as well, using gunpowder to explode. Torpedoes are used on railroads and are set off under bridges when trains pass over to warn the engineer of danger ahead. The are also used on battle ships to attack enemy ships.

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Flare Pistols

Pistols, like fireworks, use gunpowder. Pistols are used to shoot flares that can be seen from far away. These may be used in emergency.

Page 15: By Isabelle Hale

About the Author My name is Isabelle

Hale. I am in 7th grade at Hanes Middle School. I have two brothers, and one sister, and our family loves sailing and most other sports. My dad is from England and I am half English. I like movies, and a lot of different foods! I also love to snorkel in the Florida Keys!

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About the Author Continued...

These are some more things that I like!

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Bibliography Silverberg, Robert. Wonders of Ancient Chinese

Science. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1969. Brian, Marshall. “How Fireworks Work.”

http://www.chennaiads.com/articles/fireworks.asp

Brian, Marshall. “Fireworks.” http://people.howstuffworks.com/fireworks.htm/printable

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Bibliography

“How Fireworks Work.” http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blrocketfirework.htm

“Fireworks.” World Book Encyclopedia. World Book Inc. Chicago 2003


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