THE BILL OF
RIGHTS
• A bill of rights – a listing of the rights and liberties of people
• The Bill of Rights – the first ten amendments to the US Constitution, listing the rights and liberties of the people
INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
COMMUNITY RIGHTS
AMENDMENT 1
Religious and Political Freedom
AMENDMENT 1
Congress shall make no law
AMENDMENT 1
… respecting an establishment of religion
AMENDMENT 1or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof
AMENDMENT 1No law … abridging
the freedom
of speech
AMENDMENT 1
or of the press
AMENDMENT 1or the right of
the people peaceably
to assemble
AMENDMENT 1and to petition the Government for a
redress of grievances.
AMENDMENT 1
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
AMENDMENT 2
Right to Bear Arms
AMENDMENT 2A well
regulated militia, being necessary to
the security of a free State,
AMENDMENT 2the right of the people
to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.
AMENDMENT 3
Quartering Troops
AMENDMENT 3
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house
AMENDMENT 4
Search and Seizure
AMENDMENT 4The right of the people to
be secure in their persons, houses,
papers, and effects, against unreasonable
searches and seizures, shall not be violated
No Warrants shall issue, but upon probable
cause
AMENDMENT 4
No unreasonable searches and
seizures
AMENDMENT 4
Warrants must be
based on probable
cause
AMENDMENT 4
Right to Privacy
AMENDMENT 5
Rights of Accused Persons
AMENDMENT 5Grand Jury
nor shall any person be subject for the same
offence to be twice put in jeopardy
nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself nor be deprived of life,
liberty, or property, without due process of law
AMENDMENT 5No Double JeopardyNo self incrimination
(the right to remain silent)
Due process of law (the government must follow the
rules in your trial)
AMENDMENT 6
Right to a Speedy,
Public Trial
AMENDMENT 6the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and
public trial, by an impartial jury
to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation
AMENDMENT 6Speedy and public trial, by an impartial
jury
Must be told of the charges
AMENDMENT 6to be confronted with the witnesses against him
to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor
to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense
AMENDMENT 6Cross examine witnesses, and get
witnesses in your favor
Right to an attorney or lawyer
AMENDMENT 7
Trial by Jury in Civil Cases
AMENDMENT 7In suits at common
law, where the value in
controversy shall exceed twenty
dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved
AMENDMENT 8
Limits of Fines and
Punishments
AMENDMENT 8Excessive bail shall not be required, nor
excessive fines imposed
AMENDMENT 8nor cruel and
unusual punishments
inflicted
AMENDMENT 9
Rights of People
AMENDMENT 9The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to
deny or disparage others retained by the people.
AMENDMENT 9The people have more rights
than those listed
AMENDMENT 10
Powers of States and
People
AMENDMENT 10The powers not delegated to the United States by
the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to
the States, are reserved to the
States respectively, or to the people.
AMENDMENT 10
Reserved powers
AMENDMENT 14In part, it made the
Bill of Rights apply to all 50 states
INCORPORATION
THE AMENDMENT PROCESS
PROPOSED by 2/3 VOTE in
both Houses of Congress
PROPOSED by 2/3 VOTE in
both Houses of Congress
PROPOSED by a
national convention
PROPOSED by a
national convention
RATIFIED by 3/4 of the
State legislatures
RATIFIED by 3/4 of the
State legislatures
RATIFIED by 3/4 of
State conventions
RATIFIED by 3/4 of
State conventions
THE AMENDMENT PROCESS
PROPOSED NATIONALLY
RATIFIED LOCALLY