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Batch determination procedure in Inventory management
May-2012 SAP MM
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Applies to:
SAP Inventory Management ECC 6.0
Summary
The batch determination functionality in SAP allows allocating batches in stock for all
movements using certain selection criteria. Batch determination is based on the condition
technique.
Besides you may also want to Goods issue only those products which have a remaining shelf life
of a certain number of days after it is being delivered.
Author: Lakshminarayana.Jonnalagadda
Company: HCL Technologies Ltd.
Created on: May 5th, 2012
Author Bio
Fourteen years of work experience, which includes 8 years of IT experience
in SAP for the Logistics modules.
Diverse functional experience in procurement, inventory, logistics
execution management,
Working as SAP Managing Consultant in HCL Technologies Ltd
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Table of Content
1. Introduction..............................................................................................................................4
2. Configuration Steps for Batch Management............................................................................4
2.1.1. Define Batch Level..................................................................................................4
2.1.2. Conversion Of Batch Levels..6
2.1.3. Batch Status Management6
2.1.4. Initial Status.8
2.1.5. Batch Numbering.9
2.1.6. Activate Internal Batch Number Assignment.................10
2.1.7. Batch Where Used List11
3. Master Data for Batch Management.12
3.1.1. Characteristics.12
3.1.2. Batch Managed Material.19
4. Configuration Steps For Batch Determination21
4.1.1. Batch Determination Condition Tables..22
4.1.2. Batch Determination Access Sequence..23
4.1.3. Batch Determination Strategy Types24
4.1.4. Batch Determination Search Procedure25
4.1.5. Batch Determination Search Procedure Allocation and Check Activation.26
5. Master Data For Batch Determination.26
5.1.1. Batch Search Class.26
5.1.2. Sort Rule..27
5.1.3. Batch Search Condition Records.28
6. Transaction Data..30
6.1.1. Goods Receipts30
6.1.2. Goods Issues.31
7. Summary
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1. INTRODUCTION
This document details the configuration and Master Data requirements for automatic batch
determination using Movement Types in Inventory Management. The content of the
documents are based on the learning from the project.
The batch determination functionality in SAP allows allocating batches in stock for all
movements using certain selection criteria. Batch determination is based on the condition
technique.
The procedure for batch determination will be explained for one Movement Type. The
procedure can be extended for other movements in Inventory Management.
2. CONFIGURATION STEPS FOR BATCH MANAGEMENT
The configuration steps discussed below are in the same sequence as carried out in an SAP
Implementation of Batch Determination in Inventory Management.
2.1 DEFINE BATCH LEVEL
The Foremost configuration in Batch Management is activating the level at which batch
management would work. The following are the levels at which you can activate batch
management
At plant level
At material level
At client level
IMGLogistics - General Batch Management Specify Batch Level and Activate Status
Management (T.Code: OMCE).
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NOTE: In this example, we have selected Batch Unique at Material Level
Plant level: Batch Unique at Plant Level
The Batch number is unique in connection with the Plant and material.
The Batch number is only known in the Plant in which it is created.
If the stock is transferred to another Plant, the Batch is unknown in the Recipient
Plant and the system does not adopt any data.
The Batch is to be recreated and specified in the receiving Plant, i.e. the same Batch
number may have different specifications in several Plants.
Material level: Batch Unique at Material Level
The Batch number is unique in all plants in connection with the material.
The same Batch number has the same meaning for the material in all Plants.
A Batch will have the same specifications for all Plants at which a material is stored.
One Batch number cannot have different specifications in different Plants.
The same batch number can be re assigned with a different specification for each
material.
During stock transfer to another Plant, the specification of the Batch is known in the
destination Plant even if the Batch is placed into storage in that plant for the first
time.
Client Level: Batch Unique at Client Level
A Client is a SAP Box which can contain a set of company codes and plants under it. In
such cases if you define batch management at client level, it means that the material
M1 would keep the same batch number (say B1) across all the plants and across all
company codes in the client. This also means that the batch classification values or
characteristics values would also remain the same across.
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Note - If you want to go back to Material level batch settings you can do so at any time
by changing the configuration to material level batch management, but you cannot go
back to plant level from the client level settings.
2.2 CONVERSION OF BATCH LEVELS
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Specify Batch Level and Activate
Status Management (T.Code: OMCT)
While the conversion program is running, you can only post batches at the old level.
You can only post batches at the new level after the conversion has been completed.
You cannot change back from a higher Level to plant level in the standard system.
However, you can change the batch level from client level back to material level.
To change the batch level from plant level to material level, the material has to be
subject to batch management in all plants.
2.3 BATCH STATUS MANAGEMENT
Indicate whether a batch is usable or not.
The system uses an indicator in the batch master record to show batch status.
Status unrestricted = the batch can be used
Status restricted = the batch cannot be used
The level at which you define the batches to be handled determines the plants in which
status management is used for a material to be handled in batches.
Batch Level Status Management
Material or client level - Automatically in all plants
Plant level - Can be chosen for individual plants.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Specify Batch Level and Activate
Status Management (T.Code: OMCS)
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For a material that is subject to batch management, two stock types directly depend
on the batch status within Inventory Management.
Unrestricted stock
Restricted stock
All other stocks that are managed at batch level do not give any indication of the
batch status. These are posted independently of the status indicator in the batch
master record:
Inspection stock
Blocked stock
Stock in transfer
Blocked stock returns
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2.4 INITIAL STATUS
You can define which status a newly created batch is to be given for each material type.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Specify Batch Level and Activate Status
Management (T.Code: OMCS)
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2.5 BATCH NUMBERING
The Batch number uniquely identifies a Batch in the SAP System.
The Batch Level chosen determines the area in which the Bach number is
unique.
The Batch number can be assigned at different times:
During manual creation of a Batch.
While creating a Purchase Order.
While carrying out goods movements Goods Receipts, Transfer
Postings.
During creation of a Process/Production Order.
When usage decision is made in quality management.
During quality analysis. (e.g. due to aging)
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Number Assignment
Maintain Internal Batch Number Assignment Range (T.Code: OMAD)
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2.6 ACTIVATE INTERNAL BATCH NUMBER ASSIGNMENT
IMGLogistics GeneralBatch ManagementBatch Number Assignment Activate
Internal Batch Number Assignment (T.Code: OMCZ)
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2.7 BATCH WHERE USED LIST
The batch where-used list is set to active at all the plants, but you would have to
manually select synchronous posting of batch where used records. Selecting a plant for
synchronous posting means that you trace the batch history (batch history of receipts
and consumptions) across all the plants.
A batch where-used list can tell you the production order through which the batch was
produced, the object where the batch was issued (production order or sales order), in
short the batch where-used list gives you the list of objects from where the batch was
produced from and the objects where the batch was issued to. If the batch is under
inspection with an inspection lot, the list also shares the inspection lot number.
You can switch between a Top-down hierarchy option and a Bottom-up hierarchy option
that gives you the batch where-used information in various hierarchical ways.
Uses Batch traceability, i.e. Understanding the history of a batch thereby analyzing the
history of batches in case when there are customer complaints.
IMG Logistics GeneralBatch ManagementBatch Where-Used ListMake Settings
for Batch Where-Used List
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3.0 MASTER DATA FOR BATCH MANAGEMENT
3.1 CHARACTERISTICS
1. STANDARD CHARACTERISTICS
LOBM_BWTAR - VALUATION TYPE
LOBM_LVORM - DELETION FLAG
LOBM_QNDAT - NEXT INSPECTION DATE
LOBM_VERAB - AVAILABILITY DATE
LOBM_VFDAT - EXPIRATION DATE
LOBM_ZUSTD - STATUS
2. USER DEFINED CHARACTERISTICS
A. Update Standard Characteristics
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Valuation Update Standard
Characteristics (T.Code: CT04)
The first thing you need to do is to check that your SAP client has all the required SAP
standard characteristics. To do this go to transaction CT04 and query your system to find
all characteristics that are called LOBM*
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The following messages will be displayed if everything goes well.
Once that is done you might want to go back to transaction CT04 and query for
characteristics called LOBM*.
Why do I need to do that do you ask? Well for one thing all the work is done for you.
Secondly and more importantly the standard SAP functions that will enable us to
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dynamically calculate the Expiration date based on minimum remaining shelf life,
makes use of these standard characteristics they are hard coded in the ABAP
functions.
B. Create User Defined Characteristics
Easy Access Logistics Central Functions Batch Management Environment
Classification Master dataCharacteristics (T.Code:CT04)
a. Viscosity
b. Density
c. Solvent Color Tone
Viscosity
Viscosity
Viscosity
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Viscosity
Viscosity
Density
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Density
Density
Density
Density
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Solvent Color Tone
Solvent Color Tone
Solvent Color Tone
Solvent Color Tone
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3.2 CREATE BATCH MANAGED MATERIAL
Easy Access Logistics Materials Management Material Master Material
Create (T.Code: MM01)
Solvent Color Tone
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4.0 BATCH DETERMINATION
Batch Determination is used in inventory management. It is used to select batches and
allocate the same in goods issue/goods transfer in inventory management.
In inventory management, batch determination is used to search and allocate batches
for the components to search for batches and allocate batches in goods issues.
The tools that batch determination uses is the condition techniques based on the
condition tables, access sequence and strategy types. These condition types are enough
to choose and allocate batches. Though additionally batch determination uses selection
classes and its characteristics values to choose batches and/or uses sorting rules to
choose sort batches while selection based on characteristics and its values.
Batch Determination can be used
During Goods Issues.
During Transfer Postings
During Stock Transfer.
Batch Determination is required in Inventory Management for
Material Withdrawal
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Internal Material Provision
Return Delivery to Supplier
Scrap / Sample.
Transfer Posting.
4.1 BATCH DETERMINATION CONDITION TABLES
Batch determination condition tables once created become the key combination fields
for searching batches. Eventually the condition records or search strategies are created
as master data based on these key combinations. The Condition Tables are created
separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Determination and Batch Check
Condition Tables Define Inventory Management Condition Tables (T.code:OMA1)
Standard Tables
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4.2 BATCH DETERMINATION ACCESS SEQUENCE
Batch determination access sequences have multiple condition tables (key
combinations) assigned in a sequence of priority. This facility allows you to create data
for many key combinations so that even if the search of batches fails on the first key
combination condition the rest in the priority would help in search. The Access
Sequences are created separately for IM, Production, WM and Sales.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Determination and Batch Check
Access Sequence Define Inventory Management Access Sequences (T.Code: SPRO)
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4.3 BATCH STRATEGY TYPES
Batch Search Strategy holds multiple access sequences, though not assigned in any
sequential priority. The assignment of the strategy types is separately for IM,
Production, WM and Sales.
The strategy types or condition types are assigned in priority in the next step called
Batch Search Procedure Definition.
The strategy types configuration holds the selection criteria and the sort rules used in
batch determination techniques.
Strategy types are used ultimately to create the batch search master data or batch
search condition record so that the system would know the exact level at which search
for batches is to be carried out along with the selection/sort rules of these batches.
It is obvious that batch search strategy is used to search batches on certain rules,
because you want to automate the process and do not want it to do it manually for each
and every batch. Thus you have to aid the system in putting in a decision such as -
search all the batches of a given plant or search all the batches of a given set of material
at a plant or search batches for a given component or etc.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Determination and Batch Check
Strategy Types Define Inventory Management Strategy Types (T.Code: SPRO)
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4.4 BATCH SEARCH PROCEDURE
A Batch Search procedure holds multiple strategy types assigned in sequential priority.
The Batch search procedure thus becomes the final configuration which holds the total
search configuration together. The Batch Search Procedures are created separately for
IM, Production, WM and Sales.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Determination and Batch Check
Batch Search Procedure Definition Define Inventory Management Search
Procedure (T.Code: SPRO)
4.5 BATCH SEARCH PROCEDURE ALLOCATION AND CHECK ACTIVATION
In this step you allocate the batch search procedure to the respective modules. In the
case of inventory management, the Batch search procedures are assigned to the
Movement types.
IMG Logistics General Batch Management Batch Determination and Batch Check
Batch Search Procedure Allocation and check activation Allocate IM Search
Procedure / Activate Check (T.Code: OMCG)
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5.0 MASTER DATA FOR BATCH DETERMINATION
5.1 BATCH SEARCH CLASS
This is a class that will be used to search and find applicable batches during batch
determination. It is not directly assigned to the product it will be assigned to the batch
search strategy of the product.
The question is, what characteristics should we put in this class?
All we need is a characteristic where we will be able to input the value corresponding to
X (minimum remaining shelf life required). Again, we do not need to do anything, SAP
provides the characteristic LOBM_VFDAT Shelf Life Expiration Date, to do just that.
We therefore have a class (also of technical type 023 batches) that looks like this.
Easy Access Logistics Central Functions Batch Management Environment
Classification Master Data Create Class (T.Code:CL02)
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5.2 SORT RULE
Its all good to build a batch search class to find batches, but assuming SAP finds
numerous batches, how should they be sorted (i.e which should be the first one used?)
By batch number? Of course not, we want to sort batches based on the expiration date
in ascending order (the batches with the date closest to the present should be the first
to go).
Easy Access Logistics Central Functions Batch Management Batch
Determination Selection and Sort Sort Rule Create (T.Code: CU70)
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5.3 BATCH SEARCH CONDITION RECORDS OR BATCH SEARCH STRATEGY
When the entire configuration for batch search condition techniques is done, you would
create the Batch search condition records using varied transaction codes:
Easy Access Logistics Central Functions Batch Management Batch
Determination Batch Search Strategy For Inventory Management Create
(T.Code: MBC1)
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6.0 TRANSACTION DATA
6.1 GOODS RECEIPTS
1st
Goods Receipt without Reference
2nd
Goods Receipt without Reference
3RD
Goods Receipt without Reference
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6.2 GOODS ISSUES
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7.0 SUMMARY
The system looks for the search procedure for the business transaction.
It searches through the strategy types listed in the search procedure for a search
strategy
The first valid search strategy is adopted and all other search strategies are ignored.
It then uses the characteristics from the selection class of the search strategy to look
for batches with suitable specifications.
The system checks whether the batches are available.
The system sorts the batches that were found and are available according to the sort
rule from the search strategy
The system selects a proposed quantity in accordance with the proposed quantity
from the search strategy
The system proposes that batch determination is to run to run online, providing that
the search strategy contains the information.
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