Bandwidth for the Office
Chapter 14
The Management of Telecommunications
Houston H. Carr and Charles A. Snyder
Industry Convergence
Video
Data Voice
NetworkingSwitching
Entertainment &Information,Software &Hardware
CableBroadcasting
SatelliteLEC
OnlineInteractive
Entertainment/Information &
SystemsIntegration
3
Bandwidth Requirements for POS
Transfer Speed
Item Quantity 2.4 kbps
Bytes per SKU 20
SKUs per customer 3
Bytes per customer 60
Bits per transaction 600 0.29 sec
Transactions per hour per POS terminal
10
POS terminals 20
Hours per day 10
Bits per day transferred 1,200,000 500 sec
5
Copper Access Transmission Technologies
Name Meaning Data Range Mode Application
V.22, 32, 42
Voice band modems
1.2 Kbps to 28.8 Kbps
Duplex Data communications
DSL Digital Subscriber
Line
160 Kbps Duplex ISDN serviceVoice and data communications
HDSL High-data-rate DigitalSubscriber
Line
1.544 Mbps2.048 Mbps
DuplexDuplex
T1/E1 service Feeder plant,WAN, LAN access,Server access
continued
9
Copper Access Transmission Technologies
Name Meaning Data Range Mode Application
SDSL Single-line Digital
Subscriber Line
1.544 Mbps2.048 Mbps
Duplex Duplex
Same as HDSL plus premises access for symmetric services
ADSL Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line
1.5 to 9 Mbps
16 to 640 Kbps
DownUp
Internet access, video-on-demand, simplex video, remote LAN access, interactive multimedia
VDSL, BDSL, or VADSL
Very-high-data-rate
Digital Subscriber
Line
13 to 52 Mbps
1.5 to 2.3 Mbps
DownUp
Same as ADSL plus HDTV
10
BISDN Services
Category Service Class Type of Information
Communications Conversational services
Moving pictures (video) and sound● Sound, ● Data, ● Document
Messaging services Moving pictures (video) and sound● Documents
Retrieval services ● Text, data, graphics, sound, stillimages, moving pictures
Distribution Without user individual presentation control
●Video ● Data●Text, graphics, still pictures● Moving pictures and sound
With user individual presentation control
Text, graphics, sound, still images
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SONET/SDH Rates
SONET Level SDH Level Line Rate (Mbps)
OC-1 / STS-1 51.84
OC-3 / STS-3 STM-1 155.52
OC-9 / STS-9 STM-3 466..56
OC-12 / STS-12 STM-4 622.08
OC-18 / STS-18 STM-6 933.12
OC-24 / STS-24 STM-8 1,244.16
OC-36 / STS-36 STM-12 1,866.24
OC-48 / STS-48 STM-16 2,488.32
OC-192 / STS-192 STM-64 9,953.28
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Comparison of Broadband Technologies
Frame
Features X.25 relay SMDS SONET ATM BISDN
Service X X X
Switching X X
Connection-oriented X X X
Connectionless (datagram) X X
Fixed packet X X X
Variable packet X X
Data X X X
Data + Transmission X
Media X
Suitable for real-time processing
No No No Yes Yes Yes
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Compatibility of Broadband Technologies
Frame
relay SMDS ATM BISDN
X.25 X
Frame Relay X X
SMDS X X
SONET X
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