BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY, BACTERIAL MORPHOLOGY, METABOLISM & PHYSIOLOGYMETABOLISM & PHYSIOLOGY
By:By:Maria Rosario L. Lacandula,MD,MPHMaria Rosario L. Lacandula,MD,MPH
Department of MicrobiologyDepartment of MicrobiologyCollege of MedicineCollege of Medicine
Our Lady of Fatima UniversityOur Lady of Fatima University
ObjectivesObjectives
The student should be able to:The student should be able to: describe the typical bacterial cell based on size, shape describe the typical bacterial cell based on size, shape
and groupings.and groupings. determine the medical importance of certain determine the medical importance of certain
structural components in a bacterial cell.structural components in a bacterial cell. to discuss the appropriate staining procedure to to discuss the appropriate staining procedure to
demonstrate bacterial morphology and special demonstrate bacterial morphology and special structures.structures.
to perform the following staining techniquesto perform the following staining techniques Gram stainingGram staining Acid-Fast stainingAcid-Fast staining
ObjectivesObjectives Discuss the growth requirements of bacteriaDiscuss the growth requirements of bacteria Differentiate bacteria as to:Differentiate bacteria as to:
source of carbonsource of carbon source of energysource of energy temperature requirementtemperature requirement oxygen requirementoxygen requirement
Discuss the bacterial growth curveDiscuss the bacterial growth curve lag phaselag phase logarithmic phaselogarithmic phase stationary phasestationary phase death phasedeath phase
MicroscopeMicroscope
Beam of lightBeam of light Beam of electronBeam of electron
Bacterial MorphologyBacterial Morphology
Bacterial CellBacterial Cell
ProkaryotesProkaryotes No true nucleusNo true nucleus No organellesNo organelles
Divide-binary fissionDivide-binary fission
Parts of a CellParts of a Cell
Cell envelopeCell envelope Cell wall- murein sacculusCell wall- murein sacculus Outer Outer Cell membrane-plasma membrane, cytoplasmic Cell membrane-plasma membrane, cytoplasmic
membranemembrane CytoplasmCytoplasm
NucleiodNucleiod RibosomesRibosomes Granules/inclusion bodiesGranules/inclusion bodies
Parts of a CellParts of a Cell
SporesSpores plasmidsplasmids
AppendagesAppendages CapsuleCapsule pilipili flagellaflagella
Cell wallCell wall
PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan N acetyl glucosamine & N acetyl Muramic acidN acetyl glucosamine & N acetyl Muramic acid Protect the cell from osmotic changesProtect the cell from osmotic changes RigidityRigidity Multilayered in Gram positiveMultilayered in Gram positive
Teichoic acidTeichoic acid Mono to bi layered in Gram negativeMono to bi layered in Gram negative
..
Outer membrane- gram negative onlyOuter membrane- gram negative only 2 layers of lipids2 layers of lipids Inner layer-phospholipidsInner layer-phospholipids Outer layer- LipopolysaccharideOuter layer- Lipopolysaccharide
3 regions3 regions Lipid ALipid A Core polysaccharideCore polysaccharide O antigenO antigen
Transmembrane proteinsTransmembrane proteins PorinsPorins
Integral proteinsIntegral proteins
viabilityviability
Cytoplasmic MembraneCytoplasmic Membrane
Lipid bi layerLipid bi layer
Selective permeabilitySelective permeability
Site of ATP productionSite of ATP production
ViabilityViability
CytoplasmCytoplasm NucleiodNucleiod
Chromosomal DNAChromosomal DNA PlasmidsPlasmids
Inclusion bodiesInclusion bodies Storage of excess food and energyStorage of excess food and energy
Metachromatic granules/ Babes ernst granulesMetachromatic granules/ Babes ernst granules Much granuleMuch granule
SporesSpores Resist adverse conditionResist adverse condition
Ribosome- 70s- 50s & 30sRibosome- 70s- 50s & 30s
CapsuleCapsule PolysaccharidePolysaccharide AntiphagocyticAntiphagocytic antigenicantigenic VirulenceVirulence
PiliPili Common pili- fimbriaeCommon pili- fimbriae Sex pili- conjugationSex pili- conjugation antigenicantigenic
FlagellaFlagella LocomotionLocomotion antigenicantigenic
MetabolismMetabolism Glucose catabolismGlucose catabolism
EMP pathwayEMP pathway
HMPHMP
Etner duodoroffEtner duodoroff
TCATCA
ETCETC
FermentationFermentation Homolactic fermentationHomolactic fermentation
Heterolactic fermentationHeterolactic fermentation
Mixed acid fermentationMixed acid fermentation
Peptidoglycan synthesisPeptidoglycan synthesis
PhysiologyPhysiology Nutritional requirementNutritional requirement
CarbonCarbon LithotropicLithotropic HeterotrophicHeterotrophic
NitrogenNitrogen Inorganic ionsInorganic ions Growth factorsGrowth factors
Physical RequirementsPhysical Requirements OxygenOxygen
Superoxide dismutaseSuperoxide dismutase CatalaseCatalase
Redox potentialRedox potential TemperatureTemperature PhPh Osmotic conditionOsmotic condition
Bacterial growth cycleBacterial growth cycle
Lag
Stationary
deathlog
No of viable cell
time