iABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Research by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences
NOVEMBER 2014
Australian forest and wood products statisticsMarch and June quarters 2014
ii ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
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ISSN 1449-1850 ISBN 978-1-74323-194-4 ABARES project: 115062/43214
Internet Australian forest and wood products statistics, March and June quarters 2014 is available at: agriculture.gov.au/abares/publications.
Contact Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences (ABARES)
Postal address GPO Box 1563 Canberra ACT 2601 Switchboard +61 2 6272 3933 Facsimile +61 2 6272 2001 Email [email protected] Web agriculture.gov.au/abares
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The Australian Government acting through the Department of Agriculture, represented by the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, has exercised due care and skill in preparing and compiling the information and data in this publication. Notwithstanding, the Department of Agriculture, ABARES, its employees and advisers disclaim all liability, including for negligence and for any loss, damage, injury, expense or cost incurred by any person as a result of accessing, using or relying upon information or data in this publication to the maximum extent permitted by law.
Acknowledgments This report was prepared by the ABARES Forest Economics section. ABARES acknowledges co-funding for production of this report by Forest & Wood Products Australia (FWPA) and the Department of Agriculture.
iiiABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Contents
Overview 1
References 8
Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables 9
Figures
1 Contribution of forestry sector to national gross domestic product, 2007–08 to 2012–13 2
2 Production and consumption of selected wood-based panel products, 2008–09 to 2013–14 2
3 Value of sawnwood imports, 2008–09 to 2013–14 3
4 Value of paper and paperboard imports, 2008–09 to 2013–14 4
5 Value of imports of miscellaneous forest products, 2008–09 to 2013–14 5
6 Value of wood product exports, quarterly, 2008–09 to 2013–14 6
7 Value of woodchip exports, 2008–09 to 2013–14 7
iv ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
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1ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Overview
This issue of the Australian forest and wood products statistics (AFWPS) includes 2012–13 data for key domestic economic indicators, including sales and service income and industry value added, and 2013–14 data for employment and dwelling commencements. This issue also provides 2013–14 data for production and consumption of wood-based panel products and Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) trade data for the March and June quarters 2014.
Changes in key economic indicatorsIn 2012–13 the annual sales and service income of forestry and forest products manufacturing industries was $20.1 billion—a decrease of 5.9 per cent from 2011–12 (based on ABS Industry Survey data). In 2012–13 the forestry and forest products manufacturing industries accounted for 5.1 per cent of sales and service income of the total manufacturing industry, compared with 5.3 per cent in 2011–12.
Between 2007–08 and 2010–11 the forestry sector’s contribution to national gross domestic product was relatively stable, averaging $8.1 billion. However, this contribution declined to $7.0 billion in 2012–13 (Figure 1). The largest decline was in the ‘other wood product manufacturing’ industry, primarily prefabricated buildings, wooden structural fittings and reconstituted wood products.
Total employment in the forestry sector (forestry, wood, pulp and paper manufacturing) declined from 76 500 in 2008–09 to 61 400 in 2012–13 but rebounded to 70 500 in 2013–14 (based on the ABS Labour Force Survey).
The number of dwelling commencements is an important indicator of wood product consumption because sawnwood and wood-based panels are commonly used in residential building construction. Dwelling commencements in 2013–14 increased by 11.4 per cent to 180 400—well above the 10-year average (158 100). Most of the growth in dwelling commencements was in New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia. Victoria recorded the largest number of annual dwelling commencements in Australia over the past five years.
Overview
2 ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
FIGURE 1 Contribution of forestry sector to national gross domestic product, 2007–08 to 2012–13
$m
Paper and paper productsOther wood product manufacturing
Log sawmilling and timber dressing
Forestry and logging
Contribution of forestry sector to national GDP(right axis)
2000
4000
6000
8000
10 000
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
2007–08
0.2
%
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Total forestry sectorvalue added
Wood-based panel production and consumptionThis issue of the AFWPS provides updated production and consumption data for plywood, particleboard, and medium-density fibreboard. Data for laminated veneer lumber, hardboard, and veneer panel products are not included as these are not publicly available.
Total production of selected wood-based panels increased from 1.43 million cubic metres in 2012–13 to 1.48 million cubic metres in 2013–14. Despite stronger domestic housing activity, consumption of selected wood-based panels decreased by 3 per cent, from 1.76 million cubic metres in 2012–13 to 1.71 million cubic metres in 2013–14 (Figure 2). In the past two years production and consumption of wood-based panels have been well below the 10-year averages of 1.68 and 1.84 million cubic metres, respectively.
FIGURE 2 Production and consumption of selected wood-based panel products, 2008–09 to 2013–14
Net imports
Production
500
’000 m3
1000
1500
2000
2500
Consumption
2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
Note: Includes plywood, particleboard and medium-density �breboard panel products.
Overview
3ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Imports of wood productsFollowing a 2.0 per cent decline in 2012–13, the value of wood product imports increased by 11.7 per cent to $4.6 billion in 2013–14. This increase was primarily driven by growth in the value of miscellaneous forest product imports. The value of imports of sawnwood, wood-based panels, and pulp and paper also increased.
Sawnwood importsThe volume of sawnwood imports to Australia increased by 3.6 per cent, from 759 011 cubic metres in 2012–13 to 786 306 cubic metres in 2013–14. Most of this growth was driven by increased sawnwood imports from New Zealand and the Czech Republic (Figure 3). The value of sawnwood imports increased by 10.8 per cent, from $422.7 million in 2012–13 to $468.5 million in 2013–14. The value of dressed softwood sawnwood imports increased by 14.3 per cent and accounts for most of the increase in value of total sawnwood imports (Figure 3). Softwood dressed imports are primarily used for structural purposes in housing construction.
Wood-based panel importsOver the past five years the value of total wood-based panel imports (including plywood, particleboard, veneer, hardboard, softboard, and other fibreboards) increased by 36.6 per cent, from $271.2 million in 2008–09 to $370.3 million in 2013–14.
The value of plywood imports has increased by 44 per cent, from $145.4 million in 2008–09 to $209.9 million in 2013–14. On average, plywood accounts for more than half the value of Australia’s total wood-based panel imports. China, New Zealand and Malaysia are Australia’s primary sources of plywood imports.
The value of hardboard panel imports also increased, by $45.9 million over the past five years to $71.6 million in 2013–14. In Australia, hardboard imports are primarily sourced from China, the world’s largest producer of hardboard. Hardboard production in China has grown strongly since 2008 (ForestSTAT 2014).
FIGURE 3 Value of sawnwood imports, 2008–09 to 2013–14
$m
New ZealandAll other countries
CanadaCzech Republic
Softwood dressed Softwood roughsawn
Hardwood dressed Hardwood roughsawn
Chile
50
100
150
200
2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
$m2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
50
100
150
200
250
300
Overview
4 ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Paper and paperboard importsThe value of total paper and paperboard imports increased in 2013–14. This was driven by increases in the value of packaging and industrial paper and printing and writing paper, which more than offset decreases in the value of newsprint and household and sanitary paper imports (Figure 4).
Imports of packaging and industrial paper have increased consistently each year over the past decade. The value of packaging and industrial paper imports increased by 10.8 per cent, from $590.1 million in 2012–13 to $653.8 million in 2013–14 (Figure 4). Most of Australia’s packaging and industrial paper imports come from China. The packaging industry in China has developed rapidly in recent years (Research and Markets 2013) and China is a major exporter of packaging materials.
The value of printing and writing paper imports declined between 2008–09 and 2012–13 but increased by 3.7 per cent in 2013–14 (Figure 4). Imports from China and Finland accounted for most of this increase.
FIGURE 4 Value of paper and paperboard imports, 2008–09 to 2013–14
$m
All other countriesChina
New ZealandFinland
Printing and writingPackaging and industrial
Newsprint Household and sanitary
United States
2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
$m2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
300
600
900
1200
1500
300
600
900
1200
1500
Overview
5ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Miscellaneous forest products importsThe value of miscellaneous forest products imports increased by 23.5 per cent, from $734.1 million in 2012–13 to $906.6 million in 2013–14. Indonesia and China accounted for most of the increase in these imports (Figure 5). The ‘miscellaneous forest products’ category includes a range of wooden products, including packing cases, frames, oils and resins. Builders’ carpentry, mouldings and articles of wood are the highest value products within this category (Figure 5).
Exports of wood productsFollowing an 8.4 per cent decline in 2012–13, the value of wood product exports increased by 23.7 per cent to $2.5 billion in 2013–14. A decline in the exchange rate in 2013–14 (Figure 6), combined with a variety of other factors (such as log availability, shipping costs, global demand and domestic prices), has influenced the observed trend in wood product exports.
The growth in value of total wood product exports in 2013–14 was driven by an increase in the value of woodchip exports. The value of other wood product exports such as roundwood, sawnwood, wood-based panels and paper also increased (Figure 6).
Roundwood exportsExports of Australian roundwood have grown strongly in the past five years. In 2013–14 volume of roundwood exports reached a new high of 2.4 million cubic metres, valued at $292 million. The previous peak was in 2011–12 at 1.8 million cubic metres valued at $175 million. China continues to be the primary destination for roundwood exports, accounting for 88.6 per cent of the volume and 85.9 per cent of the value of total Australian roundwood exports. Insufficient forest resources, harvesting restrictions, and strong economic growth have widened the gap between China’s roundwood supply and demand (Sun 2014).
FIGURE 5 Value of imports of miscellaneous forest products, 2008–09 to 2013–14
$m
All other countriesChina
IndonesiaNew Zealand
OtherMouldings
Builders’ carpentryArticles of wood
United States
2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
$m2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
50
100
150
200
250
300
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Overview
6 ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Sawnwood exportsThe value of sawnwood exports increased by 20.0 per cent, from $89.9 million in 2012–13 to $107.9 million in 2013–14. This growth was driven primarily by an increase in the value of softwood roughsawn exports destined for China and Taiwan.
Wood-based panels exportsThe value of Australian wood-based panels exports (including plywood, particleboard, veneer, hardboard, softboard, and other fibreboards) increased by 21.2 per cent, from $50.8 million in 2012–13 to $61.5 million in 2013–14. Medium-density fibreboard exports more than doubled in volume and accounted for most of the growth in the value of total wood-based panel exports.
Paper and paperboard exportsThe total value of Australia’s paper and paperboard exports increased from $711.5 million in 2012–13 to $852.5 million in 2013–14. These remained Australia’s highest value wood product export, accounting for 33.8 per cent of total wood product export value in 2013–14. Exports of all grades of paper increased in both volume and value from the previous financial year.
The value of packaging and industrial paper exports increased by 15.2 per cent, from $525.6 million in 2012–13 to $605.5 million in 2013–14. On average, exports of packaging paper account for more than 70 per cent of the value and more than 80 per cent of the volume of total Australian paper exports. This grade of paper is exported primarily to New Zealand, China and the United States.
FIGURE 6 Value of wood product exports, quarterly, 2008–09 to 2013–14
$m
Other
Wood-based panelsSawnwoodRoundwood
Woodchips
Paper and paperboard
US$/A$
Exchange rate(right axis)
2013–142012–132011–122010–112009–102008–09
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
Sep
Dec
Mar Jun
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Overview
7ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Woodchip exportsThe value of woodchip exports increased by 25.7 per cent, from $611.0 million in 2012–13 to $767.7 million in 2013–14. The value of hardwood woodchip exports increased by 32.9 per cent in 2013–14, more than offsetting a 13.7 per cent decrease in value of softwood woodchips. The value of softwood woodchip exports have been declining since 2008–09 (Figure 7).
The unit value of hardwood woodchips fell to $163 a bone-dry tonne (bdt) in 2013–14 and remains below the 10-year average of $172/bdt.
FIGURE 7 Value of woodchip exports, 2008–09 to 2013–14
Softwood woodchips
Hardwood woodchips
$m $/bdt
Softwood unit value(right axis)Hardwood unit value(right axis)
2013–14
2012–13
2011–12
2010–11
2009–10
2008–09
40
80
120
160
200
200
400
600
800
1000
8 ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
References
ForesSTAT 2014, ‘FAO Statistics’, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, available at faostat.fao.org/site/630/Forestry.aspx, updated 31 July 2014.
IndustryEdge 2014, ‘Australian pulp imports up, but no excitement necessary’, Pulp and paper edge, edition 111, IndustryEdge, August.
Research and Markets 2013, China packaging industry report, 2013–2016, Research and Markets, May, available at researchandmarkets.com/reports/2567032/china_packaging_industry_report_20132016.
Sun C, 2014, ‘Recent growth in China’s roundwood import and its global implications’, Forest Policy and Economics, vol. 39, pp 43–53, Department of Forestry, Mississippi State University, February, available at ac.els-cdn.com/S1389934113002438/1-s2.0-S1389934113002438-main.pdf?_tid=88a2d872-55b2-11e4-8b7c-00000aacb361&acdnat=1413518781_dd8bc16996e5e23f23d4da6b2deec9e2 (pdf 896 kb).
AFWPS summary tables
(Click to download Excel data)1 Overview of the Australian forestry sector
Resource base2 Land areas, by forest vegetation cover
3 Native forest areas, by forest type, ownership and state
4 Plantation areas, by type and state
5 Plantation establishment, by type and state
Logs6 Logs harvested, by log type
7 Gross value of logs harvested
8a Volume of logs harvested, by state and forest type
8b Value of logs harvested, by state
8c Log volume, by state and type
9 Log price indexes, by log type
10 Estimated logs consumed
Wood products11 Production annual
12 Sawnwood production, by state
13 Sales and service income in forest product industries
14 Industry value added in forest product industries
15 Wages and salaries in forest product industries
16a Employment in forest product industries (Labour Force survey)
16b Employment in forest product industries (Australian Industry survey)
9ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
Appendix A
Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables
17 Capital expenditure in forest product industries
18 Disposal of assets in forest product industries
19 Selected price indexes
20 Apparent consumption
21 Dwelling units commenced
22 Recovered paper
23 Imports
24 Exports
25 Imports from selected countries
26 Exports to selected countries
27 Selected trade unit values
28 Imports of secondary wood products
29 Exports of secondary wood products
AFWPS imports quarterly
(Click to download Excel data)30 Imports of wood products
31 Imports selected unit values
32 Imports from selected countries
33 Imports of sawnwood, summary
34 Imports of roughsawn softwood sawnwood
35 Imports of roughsawn hardwood sawnwood
36 Total imports of roughsawn sawnwood
37 Imports of dressed softwood sawnwood
38 Imports of dressed hardwood sawnwood
39 Total imports of dressed sawnwood
40 Imports of miscellaneous forest products
41 Imports of veneers
42 Imports of plywood, by type
43 Imports of plywood continued
44 Imports of board products, by type
45 Imports of paper and paperboard, by type
46 Total imports of paper and paperboard
47 Imports of paper manufactures
48 Imports of recovered paper
49 Imports of pulp
50 Imports of secondary wood products
Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables
10 ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
AFWPS exports quarterly
(Click to download Excel data)51 Exports of wood products
52 Exports selected unit values
53 Exports of sawnwood, summary
54 Exports of softwood sawnwood
55 Exports of hardwood sawnwood
56 Exports of roundwood
57 Exports of railway sleepers
58 Exports of miscellaneous forest products
59 Exports of veneers
60 Exports of plywood
61 Exports of board products
62 Exports of paper and paperboard
63 Exports of paper manufactures
64 Exports of recovered paper
65 Exports of pulp
66 Exports of woodchips
67 Exports of secondary wood products
Australian forest and wood products statistics, detailed tables
11ABARESAustralian forest and wood products statistics
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