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but w ste not by excess for llahloveth not the w sters
Surah Al-araf (31)
Al Quran
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Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
The Key To
Sustainable Development
Energy Resources & management
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Energy Situation in Pakistan
Total Population: 165 Million
Electricity Available to: 57%Natural Gas Available to: 21%
Yet there is extreme shortages of Gas and Electricity leading toload shedding.
Poor are paying 3-5 time more for their fuel costs than those inthe cities,
Increase in prices of modern commercial fuel, its lack ofavailability is forcing the consumer to step down on the energyladder to biomass.
Shift from kerosene use to biomass (down the energy ladder) hasexposed women to unclean fuel, hazards of indoor air pollution,and hours of extra work in searching and collecting biomass.
Indoor air pollution causes over 110,000 deaths in Pakistanannually.
Most victims are women and children.
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5
Energy Demand Will Grow
Economy will continue to grow
Pakistan has amongst the worlds highest and fastest risingurbanization
Under 15 population 39%, pointing to spurt rather thangradual increase in energy demand
Only 45% of urban population have access to gridelectricity & Government has committed to electrify allvillages
Increasing number of poor gaining access to modern energyfor the first time
Rising income means increase in per-capita energy usenew appliances, homes, cars and communication tools
Need for new energy
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Pakistan Power SectorTotal Installed & Dependable Capacity
IPPs 6,314 31
KESC 1,756 9
Rental & SPP 426 1
Sub Total 8,496 41
Grand Total 20,231 100
PEPCO Thermal 4,829 24
WAPDA Hydel 6,444 33
NUCLEAR 462 2
Sub Total 11,735 59
Public Sector
PrivateSector
MW %
MW %
Dependable capacity summer 17,897 MWDependable capacity winter 13,215 MW
Oil(34%)
Hydel(32%)
Nuclear
(2%)
Coal(1%)
Gas(31%)
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Peak Demand Projections20072030 (Countrywide)
18883
24474
36217
54359
80566
113695
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
2007 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
MW
Years
Annual Growth Percentage = 8%
Source of Growth Rate : PEPCO , P&D Div
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Energy Conservation(Defined)
EC is not associated with rationing or curtailment of
energy; it is to do with improved efficiency. Provides same
level of goods or services with less energy, or expanded
level of goods or services with same amount of energy
Reduces requirements for new investments in generating
capacity, distribution and transformation units; & makes
capital available for other development schemes.
Is available readily, and is environmentally friendly
EC costs a fraction of new supplies and is the least cost
supply option available to Pakistan
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Industry 30%
Transport 20%
Agriculture 20%
Buildings 30%Average 25%
Possible Savings for Pakistan by ECUS 4 Billion/Year.
EC Potential in Pakistan
ENERCON - 2009
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Examples of Energy Conservation
Opportunities in Pakistan
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Conversion Losses
In Generation
52%73%
Transmission & Distribution
Losses
(25% Average)
Losses in End Use
Efficiency Improvements in Generation
and Line Loss Reduction
additional 40-60% lost
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How We Use Energy in Our Homes
Possible Saving:Improved Design and Orientation: 30%
Retrofits: 30%
Efficient Appliances: 60%
Renewable Energy (Solar Water Heaters / Heat
(Heating accounts for the biggest chunk of a typical utility bill.)
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EC Opportunity in Agriculture Sector
Existing Tube Wells 11, 00,000
Electric Tube wells 2, 50,000Diesel 8, 50,000
Sanctioned Load 3100 MW
Existing Efficiency of the pump set
(Electric) 20-30 %
(Diesel) 17-21%
Releasing 1400 + MW. Additionally distribution capacityfreed and line losses reduced
Cost of efficiency Improvement (Efficient Motor, Pumpand Redesign US $ 1200) .
Payback 8-12 Months
USAID has sponsored 11,000 tubewells for upgradation.
Pilot program for efficient Solar tube wells underway asWorld Banks Project Preparation TA.
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Example of Energy Conservation Opportunity
in Industry Sector: Improving the Power
Factor
Program Cost : US $ 5 Million
Consumer Payback One Year
Benefits:
WAPDAReleased Generation Capacity 72 MWLine Load Loss Reduction 2%
Released Capacity on Distribution System 2%ConsumersAnnual Savings Rs 400
MillionGOPIncome from Fiscal measures Rs 70 Million
Carbon Credits LargeEnvironmentGHG, suspended particles and other harmfully emissionsreduced.
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Energy Efficient Lighting in Homes
Total No. of Customers (PEPCO) 15 MillionReplace 2 Incandescent per customer: Cost $ 40 Million
Savings:Released Generation Capacity 2000 MW
Released Distribution Capacity 4-5 %
Carbon Credits $ 10 Million / year
Reduced Bills for consumers
Global Response:China, EU, Australia, 21 States of US, and many other countrieshave announced their phase-out programs for IncandescentBulbs.
Newer and more efficient technologiesindoor LEDs are now
rapidly being adopted
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Improved Street Lighting in Pakistan(463,000 Street Lights)
Replacement of existing Sodium Lights With Efficient LEDs
BENEFITS:Released Generation Capacity 300 MW
Carbon Credits $ 2 Million / year
Payback period 2.5 years
Equipment life (Safe) 15 years
Solar Option
For new developments
Security Lighting
Need for Energy Conservation
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18
Energy Conservation
A Least Cost Option
Need for Energy Conservation
New Energy Cost ConservationElectricity 7 -30 cents per unit 1-3 cents per unitFuel Oil $ 580.00 per ton $ 15.00 per tonNatural Gas Rs. 330/Mcft Rs. 42.00 per Mcft
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The Way Forward
ENERGY CONSERVATION POLICY:All (new) energy requirements be met
by the least cost supply option
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Renewable EnergyIncreasing Energy Supplies
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Alternative Energy
Renewable EnergyAlternate FuelsOther Non-Conventional Energy
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Alternative Energy
Renewable EnergyWindSolar
Photovoltaic
Thermal
Hydro
Geo-Thermal
Alternative FuelsBio Diesel
Ethanol
Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)Waste-to-Energy
BiogasOther Non-Conventional EnergyWaste-to-Energy
Cogeneration
Conservation
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Why Alternative Energy For Pakistan?
Reduced dependence on Imported Oil:2008 Oil Import Bill: $11+ Billion
(63% of the total Export Earnings for 2008)
Loss of US 6 Billion in 2008 due to LoadSheddingFor Energy Security - Focus on DomesticResourcesResource AbundanceRelieves Grid ResourcesCost EffectiveEnvironment Friendly
Carbon Credits ($ 400 Million / yr)
Land Degradation Controlled
Employment Creation
Poverty Alleviation
EnergySource Cost/UnitConservationWaste-to-Energy
1-3 Cents5 -7 CentsSmall Hydro 6 7 Cents
Wind 12 Cents
Solar 21 CentsRFO(Thermal)
Up to 28 Cents**dependant on fuel oil prices
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Current Potential
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Wind Resource in Pakistan
Estimated wind potential more
than 350,000 MW
Average wind speed more than 7 +
m/s in Gharo Wind Corridor at
60m
More than 50,000 MW potential
only in Gharo-Keti Bandar
corridor (Twice that of India)
Other sites in Balochistan, Punjab
and Northern Areas being
identified
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. . Dassu area Skardu districtGeothermal springsT: max: 71 C
Murtazabad
Geothermal springs
T: 26 - 92C
Budelas
Geothermal springs
T: 36 - 46C
..
Geothermal spring
Near the snout of Pechus
Glacier
.Yasin DistrictHot Sulphourus springGeothermal springs located
Within Reshun and Ayun
fault domain. ..
Mushkin geothermal spring
T: 57 C
Tatta Pani geothermal spring
T: 65,5 - 83 C
.Bakkur thermal spring..Taunsa thermal spring
Zinda Pir thermal spring.Uch thermal spring
. Khashkeli thermal gradient3-3,5 C/100 m.. Mangho Pir geothermal springT: 50,3 C
Karsaz geothermal spring
T: 39 C
.Talhar thermal gradient
3-3,5 C/100 m
.
Lakhra thermal gradient
3,3 C/100 m
.Koh-e Sultan thermal springs
T: 25,634,8 C
.Garm ab thermal spring
Kharan region (potential)
geothermal system
.Geothermal springs atWest of Dhadar, near Sanni.
Geothermal springs at the north
of Zhob valley
.Geothermal springs at
Harnai valley
Giandari Hot Spot .
GEOTHERMAL SPRINGS
OF PAKISTAN
...
Seismo-Tectonic & Suture Related Systems
Geopressurised Geothermal Systems
Neogene-Quaternary volcanism related Systems
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30
RIVERS OF PAKISTAN
INDUS
JHELUM
CHENAB
RAVISUTLAJ
BIAS
WESTERN
RIVERS
EASTERN
RIVERSIRAN
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Potential Areas
for Energy
Plantation
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Pakistans Renewable Energy Potential
(Summary)
Wind: 346,000 MW
Solar: 2.9 Million MW
Small Hydel (up to 50 MW): 4,500 MW
Cogeneration/Biomass/W2E: 4,000 MW
Geothermal: 2,000 MW
Off-Grid Applications: 10,000 MW
Alternate Fuels Large. TBD
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Diesel Consumption in Pakistan
Pakistan consumes around 8 million tons of diesel
per year.
Four Million Tones diesel oil is imported.
If 10 % of the total diesel & furnace oil consumed by
Pakistan ) is switched to blended fuel the countrys
import bill can decline by ~ US $ 1.0 Billion.
This will require about 750,000 hectares of land for
plantation
Source: OCAC dated 30thJune, 2008
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Bio Diesel
Target: B10 by 2020 resulting in $ 1.0 Billion import substitutionBiodiesel Potential:
50 Million Tonnes Per Annum26.4 Million Hectares of Waste Land
7.8 Million Hectares of Degraded land
Estimate 1.2 Tones per annum per heater
Sources (Pakistan):
CastorSukh Chain
Jatropa
Pakistan Choice: Jatropa
Grows on Marginal Land
Combats
Land Degradation,
Desertification
Unemployment
Large Amount of Carbon Credits
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Renewables: Current Global Status
World Photovoltaic Market in
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World Photovoltaic Market in
2008
13500 MV
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Added and Existing Wind Power, Top 10
Countries, 2008
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Wind Energy
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Technologies
Solar Home Systems
Solar Water Heater
Solar Water Pumping
Clean Drinking Water
Street lights
RE for Businesses
Small and Micro Hydro
Heat pumps
Bio Gas
Off Grid Wind/Solar
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Unique Features Of Policy
1. Wind Risk / Hydro Risk borne by purchaser
2. Guaranteed Electricity purchase
3. Grid provision is the responsibility of the purchaser
4. Attractive Tariff (Cost plus 15% ROE eqv. US Cents)
5. No Import Duties on Equipment
6. Zero Sales Tax
7. Net Metering
8. Banking and Wheeling Provisions9. Grid Spill Over Concept introduced
10. Counter Guarantee Concept introduced this summer11. Improved policy Expected January 2010
Achievements
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AchievementsProjects of 1300 MW in
pipelineAchieved:Waste to Energy: 42 MW
Wind: 06MW
Hydro: 112 MW (Under Construction)
Micro Hydro: 105 Plants (15MW)Bio Gas Plants 14,000 Plants
Solar Village
Electrification: 3000 Installed. 100,000 in Pipeline
Benefits (Expected) :
Capacity release - Electricity and Communication Infrastructure
Energy Security - Cheap, Domestic, Reliable and Clean energy
Sustainable DevelopmentIncome Generation, Poverty Reduction,Employment, economy, and opening
of new areas
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Off Grid Opportunities
1. Agriculture Water Pumping
2. Village Electrification
3. Solar Water Heating
4. Security and Street lighting
5. Opportunities in Bio fuels (Ethanol, Biodiesel, Gasification)6. Introduction of Heat pumps
7. Zero Energy Buildings
8. Clean Drinking Water
9. Biogas, Bio-mass and waste based off grid applications
10. Sugar Co-Generation and heat recovery
11. Small domestic wind and solar application on net metering
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Off Grid Technologies
Zero Building Energy Program Launched
Accelerated Deployment of RE technologies being launchedin phases
Solar Water heater Consumer Confidence Building programlaunched
Solar Water Pumping pilot initiated
PURE (micro Hydro) launched
Heat Pumps program being finalized
Parliamentarian SHS program launchedManufacture of small wind turbines, solar PV panels, smallhydro turbines and solar water heaters started.
14000 Domestic Biogas Units being installed under Dutchassistance
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SHS Installed in Village in Mithi
Vie of a village provided ith solar home
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View of a village provided with solar home
systems
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53
Outside installation
C it C t i Vill
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Community Centre in a Village
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55
Lighted Homes During Night Hours
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Children can Move at Night
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Light Inside the Community Centre
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Outside Bulbs Lit at Night
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Installation in Mosque
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Outside Arrangements due to Light
Z l Wi d F Sit B f P j t
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Zorlu Wind Farm Site Before Project
Commencement
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Under-construction Wind Farm (Zorlu Enerji)
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Under-construction Wind Farm (Zorlu Enerji)
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Under-construction Wind Farm (Zorlu Enerji)
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Under-construction Wind Farm (Zorlu Enerji)
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Zorlu Wind Farm
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Zorlu Wind Farm
NEW WIND CORRIDOR AT KALLAR KAHAR,
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,
PUNJAB
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Jatropha in Sindh
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Castor
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Sukhchain
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Jatropha
Grows on the Poorest
of Soils
Requires little water(1 litre per tree every 2-3
weeks)
Jatropha plants at Karachi
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Jatropha Flowering Stage
Jatropha plants (6 months old)flowering at Nooriabad near Karachi
J t h S tti F it
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Jatropha Setting Fruit
At Karachione year oldplant
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Clusters of Jatropha Fruit
Ripening Jatropha Seed Pods
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Ripening Jatropha Seed Pods
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Harvested Seeds
Seeds produced areapprox. 1/3rdweightof the fruit.
So production ofseed is approx. 10-15 Kg per plant peryear
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Jatropha Cold Pressed for Oil
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Final Product
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Bio Diesel Plant
Graphic Illustration of Geothermal Heating and Cooling Modes
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Graphic Illustration of Geothermal Heating and Cooling Modes
A TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF WATERFURNACE
G O S S
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GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM
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Waste To Energy Plant
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Waste To Energy Plant
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Off-Grid Wind
Application
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Off-Grid Wind
Application
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Off-Grid Wind
Application
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Off-Grid Wind
Application
Off G id S l A li ti
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Off-Grid Solar Application
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Off-Grid Solar
Application
Off G id S l A li ti
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Off-Grid Solar Application
Off G id Wi d/S l H b id I t ll ti
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Off-Grid Wind/Solar Hybrid Installation
S l Th l P G ti
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Solar Thermal Power Generation
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Geo-Thermal
Power Plant
Geo Thermal Po er Plant
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Geo-Thermal Power Plant
Current Status of Wind Power Projects
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Detailed wind resource analysis carried out by AEDB.
Validated by Ris National Laboratory of Denmark, the leading research
and accreditation agency in the global Renewable Energy Sector
Agreement to Lease for34,476 acresof land to 21 X50 MW each.
Four IPPs have purchased their own land and setting up the farm.
Feasibility Studies for 50 MW completed by twelve (12) IPPs
Generation License acquired by six (6) IPPsTariff determined for three (3) IPPs with two (2) more in process
First Energy Purchase Agreement (EPA) for 6 MW signed with Zorlu
Enerji Ltd. Another three IPPs negotiating Energy Purchase
Agreement (EPA) with NTDC
Five turbines (1.2 MW each) have been installed.
2 x 10 kW wind turbines installed at Kallar Kahar.
Amendments in Grid Codes for evacuation of Wind Energy finalized.
Zorlu Wind Farm Site Before Project
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Commencement
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Under-construction Wind Farm (Zorlu Enerji)
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Zorlu Wind Farm
Waste To Energy
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35 MW of Biogas / Waste to Energy operational. PPA for 15 MWsigned between PESCO and Al-Moiz Industries & for 7 MW betweenFESCO and Shakarganj Sugar Mills.
3 New Waste to Energy Projects awarded Generation License byNEPRA (Indus Sugar Mills Rajanpur 11MW; Ghotki Sugar Mills 12MW; JDW Sugar Mills Rahim Yar Khan 22 MW)
4 New Waste to Energy applications with NEPRA (Ramzan Sugar
Mills Chiniot 12 MW; Ashraf Sugar Mills Bhawalpur 8 MW; ThalEnergy 10 MW; Shakarganj Sugar Mills 20 MW)
Pilot Phase of Landhi Cattle Colony Biogas Project completed. AsianDevelopment Bank to finance solicitation of bids from the privatesector
US $ 325 K Waste to Energy Study initiated for Karachi to generate10 MW power.
World Bank Financing detailed Studies for 5 cities
Remote Village Electrification
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Remote Village Electrification
Under the Rural Electrification Program (REP), 7874 off-
grid villages to be electrified by AEDB in Baluchistan(6,968) and Sind (906).
400 (300 in Baluchistan and 100 in Sind) to be electrifiedin the 1stphase of the program.
3000 Solar Home Systems (49 villages) in Sind have beencompleted.
Another 100,000 SHS planned to be electrified by 2016subject to provision of funds.
SHS Installed in Village in Mithi
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SHS Installed in Village in Mithi
Outside installation
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Children can Move at Night
Small Hydel
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10 Hydel plants (110 MW) in public sector to become operational in
2012 with ADB Funding (Punjab-5, NWFP -5 & NA-2).
Detailed feasibility for 12 Hydel plants (187 MW) prepared and
under review. Tariff application for 40 MW project at C.J. Link
Tail, Punjab filed with NEPRA.
First Hydel PPA (1 MW) signed between PESCO and Blue StarEnergy.
Feasibility Studies for additional 43 Small Hydel plants being
initiated with assistance from GTZ and ADB.
102 micro hydel projects (15 MW) initiated in NA with AKF /
UNDP-GEF collaboration.
Off Grid Technologies
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Off Grid Technologies
Zero Building Energy Program Launched
Accelerated Deployment of RE technologies being launchedin phases
Solar Water heater Consumer Confidence Building programlaunched
Solar Water Pumping pilot initiated
PURE (micro Hydro) launched
Heat Pumps program being finalized
Parliamentarian SHS program launched
Manufacture of small wind turbines, solar PV panels, smallhydro turbines and solar water heaters started.
14000 Domestic Biogas Units being installed under Dutchassistance
Biodiesel
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Energy plantations for Biodiesel cultivated on 650 acres so far inthe country.
Biodiesel production on a pilot scale initiated with PSOscollaboration.
SRO 474(I)/2008 issued for tax exemptions on Biodieselproduction equipment / specific items.
Amendments in OGRA Ordinance for regulation of Biofuelsfinalized with Federal Cabinet.
AEDB Facilitating Financing
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Euro 25 Million EU project to reduce poverty through AE
projects in NWFP and Baluchistan finalized.
Co-financing from European Investment Bank (200 Million) lined
up to supplement US $ 510 Million ADB funding.
Counter Guarantee for the first projects organized with the ADBFunding for the First Public Sector Wind project finalized
State Bank of Pakistan has announced subsidized financing for
RE projects
Jaiqa, GTZ, World Bank and Netherlands financing pilot RE
projects
g g
Barriers to Accelerated Deployment of RE in
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Pakistan
Late StartNo baseline data
Perception of RE being ExpensiveLack of understanding
Resistance to Change
Focus on Grid based power alone
Inconsistent PoliciesLevel playing field not available.
(cost of infrastructure, losses, incentives and prices)
Availability of Financing
Barriers to Accelerated Deployment of
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RE in Pakistan
Perception of Risks for IPPs
Availability of Technology
Low Engineering Base
Insufficient Infrastructure and lack of equipment, trained
manpower and EPC contractors
Modification of ancillary systemsGrid Code, Net Metering
Investment Diversion Due to poor base line of CDM
Summary
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y
We are short of Energy
We continue to be WastefulOur Demand Management is flawed
There are limits to New Thermal GenerationFor
Economic, Infrastructure and National Security Reasons
Pakistan has vast untapped renewable Energy resourcesRenewable Energy is Cheaper, Cleaner and Secure for
Pakistan
We have been slow in benefiting from the CDM
mechanismsHowever, the future for Pakistan is:
Efficient Use of Energy
Renewable Energy
Ener Plantation
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Investment Diversion Due to poor base
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line of CDM
Country AverageRegional GridBaselineEmission FactorIndia 1.080
China 0.868
Brazil 0.570
South Korea 0.531Mexico 0.530
Pakistan 0.447Registered Project Activities by
Host Party
Tariff Comparison
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Wind Vs Thermal
9.981 10.175
15.695 15.9616.635
17.94
Dawood Power ZEPL GujranwalaEnergy Ltd
KAPCO Orient Power AES Pakgen
TPKkWh
IPPs
Gujranwala Energy Ltd.(Change in Tariff w r t Change in RFO Price)
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(Change in Tariff w.r.t. Change in RFO Price)
7.9984
15.695
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
25,715 (Apr-07) 48,817 (Jul-08)
Tariff(PKR/
kWh)
Price of RFO (PKR / MTon)
Comparison of Zorlu Wind Tariff with
HUBCO t F Oil
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HUBCO at Furnace Oil
Annex
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Annex
Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs)
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Buildings consume up to:45%of the total electricity consumption of Pakistan12.44%(2006) of the total gas consumption of Pakistan
Global Focus is on Zero Energy Buildings:
Energy Efficient Designs
Energy Efficient Appliance
Educated ConsumerDeployment of RE technologies
(Solar Water Heaters, PV, Wind, Sunlight. Water harvesting,fuel cells and heat-pumps)
Deployment of Net Metering Concept
The FIRST(retrofit) ZEB of Pakistan would be thePakistan Engineering Councilfor which:
100 KW would be supplied by PV (being installed by JICA)
Remaining energy needs would be met by Heat pumps
Properties of Jatropha
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Property Jatropha curcas
Oil Diesel OilViscosity (cp) (30C) 52.6 (5.51) 3.6
Speciflc gravity (15C/4C) 0.917/ 0.923 (0.881) 0.841 / 0.85
Solidfying Point (C) 2 0.14
Cetane Value 51.0 (38) 47.8 to 59
Flash Point (C) 110 /340 80
Carbon Residue (%) 0.64< 0.05 to < 0.15
Distillation (C) 284 to 295 < 350 to < 370
Sulfur (%) 0.13 to 0.16 < 1.0 to 1.2
Acid Value 1.0 to 38.2
Saponification Value 188 to 198
Iodine Value 90.8 to 112.5
Refractive Index (30C) 1.47
Technologies
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Solar Home Systems
Solar Water Heater
Solar Water Pumping
Clean Drinking Water
Street lightsRE for Businesses
Solar Home Systems
Small and Micro Hydro
Heat pumpsBio Gas
Participating Donors
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Arranged MultiYear Financing Framework for Alternate Energyfor $ 510 Million. European Investment Bank will co finance
$200 Million.Finalized TA through ADB to provide technical assistance toBaluchistan.
Counter guarantee funds being provided by the ADB, WorldBank and possibly Islamic Development Bank expected to follow.
Detailed Study to solicit proposals for the Landhi Cattle ColonyPower Project, Karachi.
PURE project for small hydro in Chitral signed with UNDP,ZGEF, AEDB and AKF.
Initiated a project through UNDP / GEF US $ 3.2 for barrierremoval in the Wind Sector
O i d CIM t i th f CDM S l W t
Participating Donors
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Organized CIM experts in the area of CDM, Solar Waterheaters, Biodiesel, Solar Home Systems and Waste to
Energy for various agenciesInitiated Piolet projects on (Through W Bank funding):
Solar Water Pumping
Waste to Energy,
Solar Water HeatingWhen successful demonstrations are complete they willroll out the program.
Developing Policy 2010 with the assistance of World
Bank, Asian Development Bank, GTZ, UNDP andUNIDO.
Organised Business to Business contacts in the PrivateSector with German, UK and EU investors
Participating Donors
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Hollandtapping into ORIO and other international
Programs(AEDB proposed coordinating agency)USAIDProjects on Energy Efficiency and Energy Policy
AEDB National Coordinator.
USTDAWaste to Energy Study Karachi.AEDB Chair
Steering Committee.Euro 25 Million EU project to reduce poverty through AEprojects in NWFP and Baluchistan finalized.AEDB to Co-chair SC with the EU
Focal Agency for the International Renewable EnergyAgency (IRENA), and ENERGIA
Bilateral MOUs with US, China, Korea, Malaysia, UK,JICA, JETRO and many other countries and Agencies
Examples of energy labels
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p gy
Energy ConservationThe foundation
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gy
Solar Water Pumping
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p g
Applications
Community Water SupplyLivestock
Residential
Irrigation with downstream interventions
Capacity 1 to 5 hp
EconomicsAverage Capital cost - $ 3750Payback 6 years
BenefitsRevive agriculture on fast track
Increase agriculture productivityIncrease water and energy use efficiency
Installation by local companies with the equipment fromFODP countries
O&M by local partners with community
Solar Home Systems
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Standalone solar system for each house
Capable of operating
4-8 lights
1 DC fan
Mobile Charger
Cost per SHS - $ 1250Installation by local companies with the equipment from FODPcountries
O&M by local partners with community
Benefits
Additional working hours after darkStimulate Income generating activities
Facilitate eructation
Increased security
Improved Street Lighting in Pakistan(463,000 Street Lights)
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Replacement with Efficient & Solar Lighting
BENEFITS:Released Generation Capacity 300 MW
Released Distribution Capacity 4-5 %
Savings in replacement
Carbon Credits $ 2 Million / year
Payback period 3 years (5 years in Solar)CURRENT STATUS:Asian Development Bank preparing a loanwill take 2 years.
Unsolicited proposals to municipalitiesslow in awareness
PROPOSAL:Need accelerated deployment, through awareness demo, training,awareness and financing
All new streetlights and billboards to be efficient and renewable.
Existing street lights to be phased out through investor / donor financing
Encourage local manufacturing of LEDs & fixtures
Off Grid Opportunities
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1. Agriculture Water Pumping
2. Village Electrification3. Solar Water Heating
4. Security and Street lighting
5. Opportunities in Bio fuels (Ethanol, Biodiesel, Gasification)
6. Introduction of Heat pumps
7. Zero Energy Buildings
8. Clean Drinking Water
9. Biogas, Bio-mass and waste based off grid applications
10. Sugar Co-Generation and heat recovery
11. Small domestic wind and solar application on net metering
Carbon Credits
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Benefits of Using Geo-Thermal Energy /
Geothermal Heat Pumps
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Geothermal Heat Pumps
Capital cost is equal or less than conventional Air-conditioning(HVAC) systems
Maintenance cost is 30% as compared to other HVAS systems.
Payback period is about 5 years
Electricity Saving: More than 70 % of existing consumption
Natural Gas Saving: 100%, the system does not use any gas for
heating
Water Saving: 100%, the system saves 100% water
Protection of Environment: There are no harmful emissions
Improvement of Indoor Air Quality: No respiratory problems like
asthma, suffocation or bad odour, depression, fatigue and skin
infections
The geothermal air conditioning system has a life cycle of over 50
years
Graphic Illustration of Geothermal Heating and Cooling Modes
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A TYPICAL INSTALLATION OF WATERFURNACE
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM
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Alternative Fuels Potential / Targets
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AlternativeFuels
CurrentAchievement
Potential / TargetsBy 2015
Savings/Investment /Export (Dollar Value)
Biodiesel Zero 500,000 Tonnes $ 600 Million savingsper year to GoPEthanol 150,000 Tonnes 500,000 Tonnes $ 320 Million Exportsper yearAnaerobicDigestion
Zero 100 MW $ 100 MillionInvestment *
Plus $ 1 Million per year
RDF / Waste toEnergy
16 MW 200 MW $ 300 MillionInvestment *
Plus $ 2 Million per year
Bio-Gas 2000 demonstrationunits by PCRET 250,000 Units $ 100 MillionInvestment** To be generated from the private sector
Alternative Energy Potential / Targets
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CurrentAchievement
Potential /Targets By2015Investment (DollarValue)
TOTAL 42 MW 2650 MW US 5200 Million*Wind Zero 1000 MW US $ 2200 Million*
Solar Zero 600 MW US $ 1800 Million*Small Hydro Energy 26 MW 250 MW US $ 300 Million*
RDF /Waste-To-Energy 16 MW 200 MW US $ 300 Million*Others Minimal 600 MW** US $ 600 Million*
**Converted Value* To be generated from the private sector
Achievements
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Short Term RE policy under implementation
Policy on Bio-Diesel being implemented
Medium term policy on Renewable Energy under preparation
Specific, measurable and achievable targets for RE prepared
Wind data measured, analyzed and validated by internationallyrecognised agencies
1stWind Power Plant to be inaugurated in February 2009
40 Small (below) 10 KW turbines operational in Karachi.
150 KW 50 MW turbine in Nooriabad operational
Wind Farm at KPT1stin Public sector signed with AEDB
Achievements
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110 MW new small hydro plants to become operational in 2011103 Small Hydro Plants to generate 15 MWOff-grid (AEDB-EEF/
AKRSP)
34.5 MW Waste to Energy Plant Operational in Shakarghang, Al Moiz
an other Sugar Mills3 New Waste to Energy Projects awarded generation License by
NEPRA (Indus Sugar Mills, RajanPur 11MW; Ghotki Sugar Mills 12
MW, JDW Sugar Mills Rahim Yar Khan 22 MW)
2 New Waste to Energy applications with NEPRA (Ramzan SugarMills, Chiniot 12 MW, Ashraf Sugar Mills Bhawal Pur 8 MW)
US $ 325 K Waste to Energy Study initiated for Karachi to generate 10
MW power.
Achievements
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4,514 Homes provided solar & wind power under the REP.
Euro 25 Million EU project to reduce poverty through AE
projects in Sindh and Baluchistan
First Public Sector Projects in Solar, Hydro and Wind preparedand under negotiation with DFIs
Pilot Projects for PV Water Pumping and Solar Water Heaters
approved for AEDB financing. When successful, a $ 250 Million
Loan will support the up scaling.
Hydro Power
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Achievable by2015 Dollar Value atCurrent prices CurrentAchievementSmall HydroEnergy
250 MW US $ 300,000,000Investment
plus $3,000,000 / year
26 MW
Measure Implementable
in first 100 days ..
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in first 100 days ..
Replace 250 W Mercury Street Lights with 28 W LEDs(100 MW)2 Incandescent Bulbs in Every Home replaced by CLF(1500 MW)
Switch Off Office electricity hour early and start hour
late (100 MW) :5- Day Week - (360 MW)
Closing of Shops 1 hour early 100 MW
Implementable Measure
in first 100 days ..
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in first 100 days ..
School Buses for school with over 400 studentsRegular inspection and tuning of Vehicles compulsoryMandatory Boiler Furnace Tune-upsImproving municipal water pumping efficiency 30 MWDirectives for using florescent lights in all office building,hospitals and government
Incentives for conservationDaylight Savings
Implementable Measure
in Next 100 days ..
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in Next 100 days ..
Appliance Labeling ProgramNational Standards Program for appliancesGeysers,heaters, stoves etc.Implementation of Buildings Energy Code (No building willbe built which does not comply with the code)
Sugar Co-GenerationTURBO EXPANDER Program LaunchedEnergy Conservation LawRequiring to set standards,Conduct Energy Audits, Voluntary reporting
Implementable Measure
in Next 100 days ..
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Ban on inefficient appliances imports. Incentives forefficient appliances (tax, duty)
Easy installment scheme through monthly billing likeTV license fee.
Tube-well efficiency improvement
Setting up vehicle inspection and tuneup centers
One year agenda ..
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Inefficient Boiler Replacement ProgramImplementation of the EC law
Replacement program for inefficient appliances (boilers,heaters gyesers etc)
Increased use of renewable energywith option to sellsurplus to the grid
Power Factor Improvement Program and line lossreduction program
Improve energy intensity index
Solar Home Systems
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Standalone solar system for each house
Capable of operating
4-8 lights
1 DC fan
Mobile Charger
Cost per SHS - $ 1250Installation by local companies with the equipment from FODPcountries
O&M by local partners with community
Benefits
Additional working hours after darkStimulate Income generating activities
Facilitate eructation
Increased security
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4
6
8
10
12
14
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Series1
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Off Grid Opportunities
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1. Agriculture Water Pumping
2. Village Electrification3. Solar Water Heating
4. Security and Street lighting
5. Opportunities in Bio fuels (Ethanol, Biodiesel, Gasification)
6. Introduction of Heat pumps
7. Zero Energy Buildings
8. Clean Drinking Water
9. Biogas, Bio-mass and waste based off grid applications
10. Sugar Co-Generation and heat recovery
11. Small domestic wind and solar application on net metering
Off Grid Technologies
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Zero Building Energy Program Launched
Accelerated Deployment of RE technologies being launchedin phases
Solar Water heater Consumer Confidence Building programlaunched
Solar Water Pumping pilot initiated
PURE (micro Hydro) launched
Heat Pumps program being finalized
Parliamentarian SHS program launched
Manufacture of small wind turbines, solar PV panels, smallhydro turbines and solar water heaters started