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Quality Drinking Water from Artesian Sources
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125057, Moscow, street Chasovaja 28
Ph. (495) 151-15-21,
Fax (495 152-69-14,
E-mail – [email protected]
Open joint-stock company Research-and-
production enterprise "Radiy"
In cooperation with the academic institutes in Russia, including V.I.Vernadsky Institute of
geochemistry and analytical chemistry (of the Russian Academy of Sciences) (GEOKHI
RAS)
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WORLD'S RESERVES OF FRESH WATER
(Whether there will be a world water crisis by 2025-2030)
G.Novitsky, R.H.Khamizov,
Chapter 8.3. Water and Waste water
treatment, the UNESCO
Encyclopedia, V.2, 2002г, Oxford,
2005, Moscow
97.5 % of all stocks of water on the planet - salty waters of the seas and oceans.
Fresh water - only 2.5 % of world's reserves.
From it are:
75 % of fresh water "frozen" in mountain glaciers and polar
caps
24 % - underground (artesian) waters
0.5 % - “dispersed" in soil in the form of moisture
0.01 % of world's reserves of fresh water - surface water
sources - rivers and lakes
Today already 55 % of an accessible drain of surface fresh waters are used; by 2030 world
requirements for fresh water will increase by 60 %.
Technogenic pollution and epidemics limit stocks of surface waters.
Underground waters – the most significant reserve for survival of mankind.
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DESWARE CD-ROM
version
DESWARE
The encyclopedia on water resources and
Preparation
Encyclopedia of Desalination and Water Resources
Editor-in-chief: Al Gobaisi Darwish M.K.
University/Colleges/Companies/Organizations/Librar
ies
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• 1,1 billion people on the Earth are deprived access to pure water
ACCORDING to the United Nations in 2007
• 2,6 billion people are obliged to use partially polluted water
• 1,8 million children die every year as a result of shortage of table
water
• is every second case of disease in the world caused by the pathogenic
bacteria living in water
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1. The small market
The industry of sales of table water is one of the most fast-growing in the world. There are over 100
billion litres of potable water on sale, basically in plastic packaging. According to Fortune magazine,
profits in this branch already reach $1 trillion a year, 40 % of the profit of oil companies. Profit from
selling water already exceed the profit of pharmaceutical firms. The world "small" market of potable
water is shared between ten big corporations of which the largest ones are the French Vivendi
Universal and Suez groups – having over 200 million consumers in 150 countries.
2. The big market
On the agenda is the formation of "big" water market aiming at resolving problems of deficiency of
qualitative water on national scales. The American companies were going to carry out the project of
tanker deliveries to the Arabian countries of water from the Great Lakes. Today these plans have
stopped because of disputes with Canada. Russia accounts for a third of the world reserve of fresh
water, and therefore offers a huge potential for the “big” market.
Under forecasts of experts, profit in the new market will be much higher than in the market of hydro-
carbonic raw materials.
THE WATER WORLD MARKET
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EXPERIENCE AND RESEARCH WORK OF EXPERTS OF "Radiy" STI OJSC
1. New absorbent material
2. New highly effective technologies for clearing of underground waters
3. Installations and the equipment for water preparation
Patents of the Russian Federation: 2050971, 2161066, 216706, 216707, 2238788,
2241535
Together with the Vernadsky Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences and
the firm ‘New Chemistry’ Radiy is looking back on 30 years of operational
experience with artesian waters aiming at resolution of special technical
problems for which the mobilization plan has been developed.
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MOBILE INSTALLATIONS "WATER FALLS"
CONTAINER TYPE
(Together with joint stock company ‘BelEnergoMash’)
ADVANTAGES
Highly effective absorbtion, filtering and other unique materials together with the
optimization of technical installation allow to use almost any water-source for reception
of high-quality table water and water for economic-household needs.
Installations are compact, mobile, simple and reliable.
Radiy has more than
20 installations in the
areas of Siberia and
the Far North
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Installations «Falls-MZH»
Double appointment
for water preparation
in apartment houses
ADVANTAGES
• Preparation of partially softer waters for home appliances and economic needs.
• Preparation of the high-quality table water meeting requirements set for the best
grades of bottled waters.
On photo: installation
with productivity 6 m3/h,
maintained in the elite
house at Pogorelsky
pereylak, Bld. 5, Moscow
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Demonstration-installation for
complex processing of sea water
which has won a gold medal at
Exhibition Eureka in Bruxelles, and
has also been presented at
exhibition WETEX-2008 in Dubai, the
United Arab Emirates.
Construction of the first plant in
Dubai has already commenced, to
be finished in 2010.
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Usage of nano-sized absorbents - new possibilities
Equilibrium capacity (10 nano-meters)
Kinetic-speeds of processes increase by some usages
Capacity of a single molecular layer - 3-5 meqv/g
21 rv 511 .rv
Increasing the capacity and kinetics in orders – reducing the capital
investments by several times
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MnO2 + Fe2+ MnO + Mn2O3 + Fe3+
O2 + Fe2+ + H2O Fe (OH)3
Fe3+ + H2O Fe (OH)3 + H+
H+ + CaCO3 Ca2+ + HCO3-
n Fe (OH)3 [Fe (OH)3]n
O2 + MnO + Mn2O3 MnO2
0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400КОЛОНОЧНЫЕ ОБЪЕМЫ
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
СТЕПЕНЬ ОЧИСТКИ РАСТВОРА, %
КаМBIRMЦМ
рН=3
V=600 час-1
СaCO3
MnO2 (nano –particles)
Sorbents КАМ
For water treating and water solutions from iron
and manganese connections
Double action: catalytic oxidation and maintenance of the raised (buffer) value
рН in a reaction zone
Clearing of iron in water from any
source!
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New absorbtion materials on the basis of the modified
natural zeolites (introduction of nano-particles)
Me К pH
Cu 105-10
6>5
Cr 105
<7
U 105-10
66-7
Cr
Cu
U
0 2 4 6 8 10 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
lg K
pH
Distribution koefficients for Cr, Cu и UO2(CO3)4-
dependent on pH
• Bactericidal properties
• Magnetic activity
• Cation and Anion – exchanging properties
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F ig u re 2 B re ak- th r ou gh c u r ves o f S r 2 + ( ) , C u 2 + ( ) , Z n 2 + ( ) , C d 2 + ( ) ,
N i2 + ( ) , C rO 42 -( ) a nd ( UO 2 )(C O 3 )3
4 - ( ) on c lino p ti lo li te , m od ifie d
po ly e th y le ne im in w it h us in g t he c ros s - link in g ag en t - ep ic h lo ro h yd r in .
T h e so rp ti o n co n d iti o n : s o r be n t m as s m = 0 , 5 g , a be d de p t h o f 1 c m , c o lum n
c ros s -s ec tion o f 0 , 5 7 c m 2 , th e s o lu t io n f low ra te w as 0 ,3 5 m l /m in = 0 ,0 1c m /s .
T h e co m p o s itio n o f in v e s ti g a te d so lu ti o n , m g /li te r : S r2 + 1 3 , 0 ; C u 2 + -0 , 8 8 ; Z n 2 + -
1 ,4 9 ; C d 2 + -0 , 81 ; N i2 + 2 ,08 ; C rO 42 --3 ,4 ; ( UO 2 )(C O 3 )3
4 -- 35 , 0 ; С а 2 + -2 0 ,0 ; р Н = 6 ,7 .
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 ,0 1
0 ,1
1С/С
о
В р е м я ,с е к
Sr2+
Cu2+
Zn2+
Cd2+
CrO42-
(UO2)(CO3)34-
Time, s
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Cationic resins with evenly spaced micro- and
nano-particles of iron oxide hydrate
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Cationic resins with evenly spaced
micro- and nano-particles of iron oxide
hydrate
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PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE AND DEVELOPMENT
OF STI OJSC “Radiy"
New absorbent material SKOV
Patent in RF: 2316479.
International (WiPO) patent: WO/2007/111531
Base: natural gidroksisilikat magnesium.
Radiy has a license to develop 50 million tons of material SKOV.
• Best known in the world materials for purification of iron
• Simultaneous purification of iron, manganese, ferrous and heavy metals,
arsenic, fluorine and bromine, removing turbidity and color. Conducted
independent tests in different countries
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Natural Absorbent Nano-material
Serpentinites
(Mg,Fe)6[Si4O10](OH)6 with the admixtures of Fe3O4, Cr2O3, NiO, MnO, CoO, СаО,
Al2O3
The basis - (MgOH)2SiO3
Serpentinite
Elementary fibers of serpentine inside are
empty: internal diameter equals 13 nanometers
at external 26 nanometers.
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A typical installation of an output of 240 tons/day
for businesses. Installed by Radiy in children
health camps in Volokolamsk district of Moscow
region.
Plants of various sizes to produce high-quality
drinking water from the iron-rich groundwater
Plants to provide water for
individual homes. Radiy has
started production in 2008.
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INDUSTRIAL UNIT FOR WATER TREATMENT (up to 2000 m3/day)
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Turbidity mg/l
(Kaolin)
2.0 3.17 0.33 0.53 0.89
Iron mg/l 0.3 0.49 0.12 0.14 0.12
Manganese mg/l 0.1 0.23 0.03 0.06 0.04
Fluoride mg/l 1.2 1.66 0.45 0.67 0.39
Bor mg/l 0.5 0.68 0.11 0.18 0.14
Zinc mg/l 3.0 0.86 0.09 0.23 0.15
Copper mg/l 1.0 0.65 0.06 0.13 0.09
Lead mg/l 0.03 0.02 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
Indicators
Units
Сан-Пин
Source
water
SKOV-1
SKOV-2
SKOV-3
The results of independent tests
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Removal of iron from brackish well water in cyclical processes -
absorption-back washing
Initial Fe -content: 6.1 mg/l, TDS=4.9 g/l (Total mineralization).
Sorption material - granulated SKOV, 1-1.5 mm of grain sizes
Column bed: L = 350 mm, S= 2950 mm2 , BV = 1 liter.
Independent tests performed by the "ECOSOFT" JSC, Kiev, Ukraine
Flow rate,
bed volumes
per hour
(BV/h)
(BV) Bed
Volumes of
purified
water
Fe-content
in a filtrate,
mg/l
рН
10 50 0.026 8.02
10 100 0.092 7.72
10 200 0.053 7.37
20 300 0.416 7.24
20 400 0.405 7.16
20 500 0.410 7.24
10 550 0.057 7.31
10 600 0.082 7.18
The sensitivity of the
purification process to flow
rate has been checked.
During the continuous
passing of initial water
through the absorption bed
the flow rate was kept at 10
l/h, then elevated two times,
(up to 20 l/h), and then
reduced back.
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Decontamination of drinking water from arsenics
mountain spring water from the North Caucasus region
Initial As -content: 0.064 mg/l (64 g/l), TDS=0.43 g/l .
Flow rate,
bed volumes per
hour (BV/h)
(BV) Bed
Volumes of
purified water
As-content in a
filtrate, g/l
10 500 (5 liters) 27.0
10 5 000 12.0
10 10 000 0.0
10 15 000 0.0
10 20 000 0.0
10 25 000 0.0
10 30 000 2.0
10 35 500 6.0
10 40 000 14.0
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ARSENICS PROBLEM IN THE WORLD
WHO's activities on arsenic
In 1963 the standard was set as 0.05 mg/L. In 1984, this
was maintained as WHO's "Guideline Value“, and many
countries have set this as the national standard or as an
interim target.
According to the last edition of the WHO Guidelines for
Drinking-Water Quality (1993):
• Inorganic arsenic is a documented human carcinogen
• 0.01 mg/L was established as a provisional guideline
value for arsenic
Based on health criteria, the guideline value for arsenic
in drinking-water would be less than 0.01mg/L.
Natural arsenic pollution is a global phenomenon in 70 countries on all continents,
except for Antarctica. In recent decades about 140 million people worldwide have been exposed to
drinking water containing more than 10 μg/L of arsenic.
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A list of licensing documents to the granular filter material -
absorbent "Skov“
(The abbreviation "Skov" stands for "Sorbent Integrated Water Purification”)
1. Specifications - ТУ 2164-001-17664678-2006
2. Sanitary certificates for products – № 77.99.02.216.Д.010835.11.06. from
17.11.2006.
3. Certificate of Conformity - № РОСС RU. ПР 73ю Р27895 до 10.01.2010 г.
4. Sanitary-epidemiological conclusion on the production facility –
№ 77.07.16.000.М.1579.07.06 от 31.07.2006 г.
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1. Organization of production of a new type of effective sorbents for water
from artesian wells based on technologies developed by Radiy.
Components of the proposed project
2. Creation and maintenance of a new specialized system for qualitative drinking
artesian water through stationary “drop” pavillions – the development of Radiy to
distribute water in the format “within reach”.
3. Export and wholesale of high quality drinking water. Construction of tankers with the
capacity of 3 000 to 100 000 tons with a complete set with facilities for the preservation of
the quality of drinking water.
4. Establishment of state, municipal and private orders of stations and water treatment
plants for small and medium-sized settlements and individual enterprises drinking
water from artesian sources.
5. Distribution to the population of small-sized units at affordable cost to provide water to
rural and suburban homes.
6. Provision of services to guarantee maintenance of installations, repair, providing
components, providing consulting services.
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Project «АRT-AQUA»
Creation and maintenance of new specialized system for qualitative
drinking artesian water through stationary “drop” pavilions – the
development made by Radiy to distribute water in the format “within
reach”.
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Project «АRТ- АQUA»
Quality water from regions of
Northern Caucasus and
Transcaucasia
Delivery by river barge on
the river terminal
Delivery of water to the pavilions.
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Project «АRT-АQUA»
Creation and maintenance of new specialized system for qualitative
drinking artesian water through stationary “drop” pavilions – the
development made by Radiy to distribute water in the format “within
reach”.
The water of different quality:
• first category (without harmful
components),
• highest category (enriched with
hepful micro-components)
and
• food category (additionally
softened)
Sold or supplied to buyers in a
convenient and sterile bio-
degradable packaging of various
sizes.
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Project «EXPORT-AQUA»
Export and gross sale of high quality drinking water
Delivery of water by sea tankers to
foreign ports in multi-modular underwater
or underground storage
Quality water from
regions of Northern
Caucasus by pipelines
to a sea terminal
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New technology of water quality saving in storage and
transportations
Air
Васtericide
agent
Water
Water
SKOV
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RESUME
• The technology for water preparation based on Natural Nano-sorption is developed and tested on industrial level.
• The license for mining of 50 Million tons of natural deposit of raw materials for Nano-sorbents is purchased Radiy
• Radiy has carried out all preparatory work related to best artesian water sources in Russian and former USSR Republics. Around 20 Artesian wells with high quality grade of water in different regions, including Mountain heights of North Caucasus is now in the property of Radiy
• All preparatory work including detailed engineering work of water distribution outlet/pavilion is carried out and the pilot Pavilion is constructed at full scale
• Radiy’s technology is very different from any concepts other water treatment companies provide. These are the general characteristics:
•1.) No Chlorine is needed to keep water fresh and safe
•2.) De-Salinisation of Sea Water is less energy intensive and our mineral accopmanies the usual reverse osmosis technology and by this makes it 50% more effective
•3.) Average production cost is about 40% lower than usual water treatment
•4.) added minerals make the water become a health supplement
•5.) Our SKOV material is designed to treat heavy arsenic pollutions in water at a very competitive cost which allows sources of water highly polluted to be treated. Sources which were impossible to be tapped previously because of high production costs now can be used.
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Thank you for your attention!
Спасибо за внимание!