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AQUACULTURE IN SERBIAState, Problems, Potential and Scientific Support to
the Improvement of Freshwater Aquaculture
Mirko Novaković, senior adviser
Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water
Management
Prof. dr Zoran Marković, Faculty of Agriculture,
Belgrade, Serbia
Aquaculture in Serbia
• Carp fish farms (most in quantity)
• Trout fish farms (2-3 times less than the amount of carp produced)
• Cage systems (small number of cage systems)
• RAS systems (several smaller-capacity RAS)
• Aquaponic systems (only a few small capacity)
Fish production
Location of fish farms
Trout fish farms in the hilly and mountainous parts of Serbia
Carp fish farms in AP Vojvodina
Fish production
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Trout t
Carp t
0
0,5
1
1,5
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Amount of fish produced in aquaculture per capita
Production of warm-water (carp) fish species
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Area of carp fish farms (ha)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Fish juvenile
000t
Consumable
fish 000t
Production of warm-water fish farms per species 000 t
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 20182019
European catfish
white and gray bighead
white grasscarp
other fish
Carp
0,4 8,2
2,6
2,5
86,3
European catfish
white and gray bighead
white grasscarp
other fish
Carp
Production of trout
Areas under trout ponds in m2 in the period 2008-2019
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Quantity of trout produced in 000 t in the period 2008-2019
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
fish juvenile 000 t
Consumable fish 000 t
PROBLEMS?
In carp aquaculture
koi herpes virus – KHV (Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 – CyHV-2) +Carp edema virus - CEV
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
fish juvenile 000 t
consumable fish 000 t
• In trout aquaculture
Climate changes - less and less water at springs!
• Closed farmers markets during the spring period!
• Prohibition of gatherings (shortened restaurant opening hours, ban on gatherings at celebrations ...) during the entire Covid period
Consequences:
• Decrease in sales of freshwater - fresh fish(by 30%)
• The fall in prices due to reduced demand (carp by 30% , trout by 10%)
• Reduced financial potential of fish farmers
• Discontinuation of pond production (mainly carp)
PROBLEMS caused by Covid-19
POTENTIAL and CHANCES
Very large areas (over 100,000 ha) of low fertility landin Vojvodina (Banat) next to watercourses and canals
on which new carp fishponds can be built
Available water resources
Domestic raw materials (excluding fishmeal) for fish
feed, Large capacity for production of extruded fish
feed
Existence of modern breeding programs for carp and
trout
Rising processing capacities
Deficit of fish on the domestic and European
markets
Constant growth of fish consumption in Europe and
the world
SCIENCE PRODUCTION!
Examples of support to the aquaculture sector through scientific results and gaining practical
experience !
Every 3 years (past 2 decades) at the Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade are organized international conferences with small fairs and workshops for producers
In 2009, the Center for fisheries and applied hydrobiology
“Little Danube” was established, as a part of Experimentalproperty of Faculty of Agriculture in Belgrade
Thanks to the scientific results and cooperation of scientists and producers
Carp farming technology based on extruded feed has been introduced in Serbia since 2005, which has resulted in a multiple increase in carp production, as well as improved quality of carp meat
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Consumable carp 000 t
Total production of
consumable fish on carp
fish farms 000 t
Introduction of
extruded feed
Beginning of the virus effect
In the past few years, a dozen small carp ponds
that produce carp in an intensive system in a two-year cycle have been established
Results:
- Shortened production period from 3 to 2 years
- Increased production per ha (5 - 10 t)
- Fishponds are supplied with water from the aquifer, thereby providing a better quality of the water, and which has a positive impact on the quality of meat of carp
- The production is based exclusively on extruded feed, which additionally enables improvement of the quality of carp meat
Effects in aquaculture are expected soon fromthe obtained scientific results in:
- Production of Omega 3 carp (with increased content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and improved ratio of Ω 3 and Ω 6 fatty acids )
- The use of selected juvenile carp on increased production results on carp fish farms
- The use of selected juvenile trout on increased production results on trout fish farms
Thank You.