April 2005
Ellen Perry, MTG Management Consultants, L.L.C.
Tom Carlson, National Center for State Courts
Justice XML (JML)The Global Justice XML Data Model
2 April 2005
Outline
What is Justice XML?How did it come together?Who is involved?What did we learn?Where can I get additional information?What are the basic design principles?What’s under the hood?How is it used?Who is using it? (Who else is interested?)
3 April 2005
What Is Justice XML?
Purpose: Facilitate information sharing and integrated justice by reducing impediments, such as standards, cost, and time.
XML: A set of rules that specify syntax for information exchange.
Justice XML: Extends XML to the justice and public safety communities by providing a standard vocabulary and semantic building blocks that can be reused and extended by practitioners, integrators, and vendors.
You have to build the foundation before you can build the house.
4 April 2005
Our Criminal Justice System
1967
Enter System Prosecute/Pretrial Adjudication Sentencing Corrections
5 April 2005
IncidentRpt
IncidentRpt
BookingRpt
BookingRpt Charge
DocCharge
Doc
CaseFile
CaseFile
ArrestWarrantArrest
WarrantArrest
RptArrest
Rpt
ProtectOrder
ProtectOrder
SentenceOrder
SentenceOrder
IncidentIncident
ActivityActivity
InvestigateInvestigate
ArrestArrest
BookBook ConfineConfine
ProsecuteProsecute
IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence
IncarcerateIncarcerate
AcquitAcquit
SuperviseSupervise
ReleaseRelease
ChargeCharge
PardonPardonParoleParole
FineFine
Reusable Information Objects
Justice XML
6 April 2005
Many Parallel Efforts Came Together
Justice XML Data Model
JXDM
7 April 2005
Global XML Structure Task Force
of the Global
Infrastructure/Standards
Working Group (GISWG)
•Guides the GJXDM design and implementation•Reviews and approves all change requests•Reviews and decides all issues related to the GJXDM•Meets bi-weekly via teleconference•Meets 3-4 times per year in person•Reports to the Global Infrastructure/Standards Working
Group
...
8 April 2005
• Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs (OJP)
• Global Advisory Committee, Global Justice Information Sharing Initiative
• Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications & Information Administration (NTIA)
• Integrated Justice Information System (IJIS) Institute (industry)
• Reps from law enforcement (LE), LE intelligence, courts, corrections, ...
• National Center for State Courts (NCSC)
• SEARCH, The National Consortium for Justice Information & Statistics
• Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI) (technical lead)
Who Are the Main Players?
9 April 2005
Global Advisory Committee MembersAdministrative Office of the U.S. Courts American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA)American Correctional AssociationAmerican Probation and Parole AssociationConference of State Court Administrators Criminal Justice Information Services Advisory Policy Board Executive Office for U.S. AttorneysFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP)IACP – Division of State and Provincial PoliceIACP – Indian Country Law Enforcement SectionINTERPOL – USNCBMajor Cities Chiefs Association National Association for Court Management National Association of Attorneys General National Association of State Chief Information Officers National Center for State Courts (NCSC)National Conference of State Legislatures National Congress of American IndiansNational Council of Juvenile and Family Court JudgesNational Criminal Justice AssociationNational District Attorneys AssociationNational Governors Association (NGA)National Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (NLETS)National Legal Aid and Defender Association National Sheriffs AssociationSEARCH, The National Consortium for Justice Information & StatisticsU.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)U.S. Department of Justice Management Division (DoJ)U.S. Department of the TreasuryU.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Global membership represents over 30 independent justice
organizations
Global membership represents over 30 independent justice
organizations
10
April 2005
XML Structure Task Force RepresentationCorrections AdministratorsProbation & ParoleFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Criminal Justice Information Systems DivInternational Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP)American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA)Integrated Justice Information Systems (IJIS) Institute (industry)National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA)SEARCH (The National Consortium for Justice Information and Statistics)Joint Task Force on Rap Sheet Standardization (JTFRSS)State/local law enforcement
Regional Information Sharing System (RISS) Criminal Information Sharing Alliance (CISA) National Law Enforcement Transmission System (NLETS) States represented: AK, AL, AZ, CA, CO, GA, KY, IL, MN,
MO, MT, NM, OK, PA, VA, WA, WICourts
Joint Technical Committee of COSCA and NACM National Association of Court Managers (NACM) Conference of State Court Administrators (COSCA) National Center for State Courts (NCSC) Members of OASIS LegalXML Technical Committees
Georgia Tech Research Institute (GTRI)
• Government• Federal• State• Local
• Industry• Academia
• Government• Federal• State• Local
• Industry• Academia
11
April 2005
“I Love it when a plan comes together.”
Much early groundwork in justice – data sets, dictionaries, pilot XML schema specs, data models
LegalXML Court Filing – draft XML data dictionary; assembled exchange schemas (e.g. a Sentence Order)
Joint Task Force on Criminal History Standardization – published an XML schema for a Rap Sheet (criminal history)
Global Infrastructure & Standards Working Group (GISWG) – pilot XML data dictionary (Reconciliation Data Dictionary)
SEARCH – studied and compiled data from actual justice information exchanges between states
GTRI – published Structure and Design Issues for Developing, Implementing, and Maintaining a Justice XML Data Dictionary;
also hosted a series of early XSTF meetings
September 2002 – Office of Justice Programs sponsored GTRI to design and implement GJXDM
12
April 2005
A Brief History of Global JXDM
May 2001 W3C approves XML Schema as a RecommendationMay 2001 Work on Reconciliation Data Dictionary (RDD) beginsMay 2002 Global establishes XML Structure Task Force (XSTF)Jun 2002 GTRI prototypes JXDM v2.0 schema from RDD v0.0.9Aug 2002 Global releases final draft RDD v1.0.0Aug 2002 GTRI publishes design/structure paper for GJXDMSep 2002 GJXDM design & implementation beginsDec 2002 First early prototype of GJXDM v3 Apr 2003 First of 4 public prereleases (beta) of GJXDM v3May 2003 GJXDM public feedback Website opensDec 2003 GJXDM public Listserv opens for discussionJan 2004 GJXDM v3.0 – First operational releaseMay 2004 First GJXDM Developer’s Workshop in AtlantaJul 2004 Schema Subset Generator Tool comes on-lineOct 2004 GJXDM release v3.0.2Apr 2005 GJXDM release v3.0.3
13
April 2005
Lessons Learned: Process
Initially Bottom-Up Reconciliation of a boat-load of data Built experience Built source data But changes all the time with each new participant
Redone Top-Down Structured approach Designed as a model Easier to extend
14
April 2005
Lessons Learned: Participants
Need Folks from All Domains in Scope Law Enforcement Courts Corrections
Need These Type of Folks Volunteers with a burning desire to make it work Willing to get hands dirty and do real work, not just fill up a
chair Buy into a philosophy of interoperability, even if there isn’t
an immediate business need for them Take ownership and responsibility but also be able to accept
criticism and suggestions from others
Need Vendors
15
April 2005
Lessons Learned: Openess
Open Formats XML, XML Schema, UML, etc.
Collaboration Tools Open to All GJXDM Listserv GJXDM Bugzilla
Open Access to Source Data Not just access to final outputs UML XML Schema Other modeling formats XML Schema
16
April 2005
Lessons Learned: Collaboration
Extensive Use of Collaboration Tools/Methods Face-to-Face Meetings Teleconferences (I’m missing one right now!)
Listservs Bug Tracking (It’s not just for bugs anymore.)
Other Collaboration Tools the we aren’t using but could/should: Wikis Proprietary/Commercial Products
17
April 2005
Additional Information About Global JXDM
Office of Justice Programs IT Website and the official home of GJXDM:
www.it.ojp.gov
GTRI Justice XML Information Center:justicexml.gtri.gatech.edu
Or, just type “GJXDM” into Google!
http://it.ojp.gov/gjxdm
http://it.ojp.gov
http://www.it.ojp.gov/jxdm
http://justicexml.gtri.gatech.edu
http://gjxdmtools.gtri.gatech.edu/ssgt/
Sponsored by theU.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice Programs
Sponsored by theU.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice Programs
http://justicexml.gtri.gatech.edu/developerworkshop
Sponsored by theU.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice Programs
Sponsored by theU.S. Department of JusticeOffice of Justice Programs
24
April 2005
Design Principles
Standards-based – uses several XML and data standards Model-based – generates consistent XML schema or other representations from a data modelRequirements-based – built from existing data models, dictionaries, schemas, document specifications Object-oriented – efficient extension and reuse (inheritance) Extendable – enables local additions of data components Expanded domain – includes courts, corrections, juvenile, etc. Provides relationships for rich exchange information context Built to evolve/advance with emerging technologies (e.g. OWL) Generalized for the justice community …
Does not target specific systems. NO Silver Bullets assumed … Constraints on time, technology, and requirements mandate rational compromises.
25
April 2005
Global Justice XML Data Model Content
2754 Total data components (= 545 types + 2209 properties)
Initial operational release 3.0
26
April 2005
Examples of Data Requirements SourcesSPONSOR SOURCE DOCUMENTS / SPECIFICATIONS
Global ISWG Reconciliation Data Dictionary (RDD) v1.0.0JTF for RSS Rap Sheet v2.2 schemaRISS RISSIntel v2.0 schemaLegalXML CourtFiling v1.1 DTDAAMVA Driver History v1.02 schemaNIJ InfoTech v2.0 data dictionary and schemaLA County, CA Incident Report schemaLegalXML Arrest Warrant schemaLegalXML Charging Document schemaLegalXML Sentencing Order schemaMinnesota CriMNet v1.0 data dictionary and schemaNCSC Data element spreadsheets (civil, criminal, juvenile)Maricopa Co AZ ICJIS Data Dictionary v1.3CISA Southwest Border States Data Dictionary (TX, AZ, NM)FBI NCIC 2000 data dictionary and code tablesNIBRS Incident Report schemaSEARCH Justice Information Exchange Model (JIEM) data sets
27
April 2005
W3C XML Schema Specification (05/2001)
W3C RDF and RDF Schema Specification (02/1999)
XML.gov Draft Federal XML Schema Developer’s Guide (04/02)
ISO/IEC 11179 Specification & Standardization of Data Elements
UN/CEFACT ebXML Core Components Technical Spec 1.9 (12/2002)
DC Dublin Core metadata for documents
DoD DoD 5015.2-STD Design Criteria Standard for Electronic-RMS Applications (06/2002)
IC Intelligence Community Metadata Language (ICML)
OASIS XML Common Biometrics Format Committee (09/2002)
Examples of Standards Used
28
April 2005
Component Repository(database)
Component Repository(database)
DataModel
Data Dictionary
genericconcept
domaincontent
Documentationspreadsheet .xls
GJXDMXML schema
GJXDMXML schema
Code tableXML schemas
Code tableXML schemas
Generate GJXDM OWL schema
GJXDM OWL schema
ClassModel
Graphic
ClassModel
Graphic
The Parts of the GJXDM
GJXDM Tools
29
April 2005
A Data Dictionary - Semantics
30
April 2005
type-of
PersonTypePersonType
PersonBirthDatePersonBirthDate
PersonNamePersonName
PersonPhysicalDetailsTypePersonPhysicalDetailsType
PersonPhysicalDetailsPersonPhysicalDetails
PersonHeightMeasurePersonHeightMeasure
TextTypeTextType
PersonNameTypePersonNameType
has-a
DateDate
has-a
PersonSexCodePersonSexCode
PersonBuildTextPersonBuildText
PersonGivenNamePersonGivenNamehas-a
PersonMiddleNamePersonMiddleName
PersonSurNamePersonSurNametype-of
TextTypeTextType
ncic:SEXTypencic:SEXType
MeasureTypeMeasureType
type-of
type-of
Subject-TypeSubject-Type
Object-TypeObject-Type
type-of
has-a
PropertyProperty
A Data Model – Structure and Relationships
31
April 2005
IncidentRpt
IncidentRpt
BookingRpt
BookingRpt Charge
DocCharge
Doc
CaseFile
CaseFile
ArrestWarrantArrest
WarrantArrest
RptArrest
Rpt
ProtectOrder
ProtectOrder
SentenceOrder
SentenceOrder
IncidentIncident
ActivityActivity
InvestigateInvestigate
ArrestArrest
BookBook ConfineConfine
ProsecuteProsecute
IndictIndict AdjudicateAdjudicate SentenceSentence
IncarcerateIncarcerate
AcquitAcquit
SuperviseSupervise
ReleaseRelease
ChargeCharge
PardonPardonParoleParole
FineFine
“Some Assembly Required”
GlobalJXDM
32
April 2005
+
Information Exchange Package Documentation
National Amber AlertIncident Status Sum (ICS209)Court Filing and Document (v1.1) Law Enforcement Credential
National Amber AlertIncident Status Sum (ICS209)Court Filing and Document (v1.1) Law Enforcement Credential
• The ultimate List may be ~150.• + Likely many more local schemas.
• The ultimate List may be ~150.• + Likely many more local schemas.
33
April 2005
Information Exchange Initiatives
• National Law Enforcement Telecommunications System (NLETS) – Rap Sheet, Driver History
• CapWIN – integrated transportation and criminal justice information wireless network
• DoJ Law Enforcement Information Sharing (LEIS) Initiative
• Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department – Incident Report
• Pennsylvania J-Net, Maine State Police, Minnesota CriMNet – Driver History
• FBI Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) Division
• OASIS LegalXML Integrated Justice Technical Committee – Protection Order, Sentencing Order, Court Disposition, Citation
• National Amber Alert
Using the GJXDM
34
April 2005
Who Is Using Global JXDM? Alaska Department of Public Safety Arizona Supreme Court,
Administrative Office of the Courts Arkansas Integrated Justice
Information Systems Project American Association
of Motor Vehicle Administrators California Administrative Office
of the Courts California Department of Justice Colorado Integrated Criminal Justice
Information System CriMNet – Minnesota
Department of Public Safety Criminal Information Sharing Alliance Illinois State Police Maine State Police North Carolina Criminal Justice Network Orange County, Florida
Pennsylvania Justice Network RISS Application Development Group Seattle, Washington Southwest Alabama Integrated
Criminal Justice System State of New Hampshire –
Department of Safety Syracuse Police Department U.S. Department of Justice Executive Office for U.S. Attorneys U.S. Postal Inspection Service University of Maryland Center for
Advanced Transportation Technology University of Southern Mississippi Vermont Department of
Innovation and Information Washington State
Administrative Office of the Courts
35
April 2005
•Continued refinements and improvements through feedback
•Technical assistance (help desk and knowledge base)
•Documentation, documentation, documentation, …
•Training for managers, practitioners, and developers
•Harmonize with other data exchange standards
•Continue work on software tools for efficient access and use
•Information Exchange Package Documentation (IEPDs) (e.g. RapSheet, IncidentReport)
•Other interoperability layers (e.g., security, privacy)
•Other representations (e.g., RDF, OWL)
What’s Next?
36
April 2005
Interest in GJXDM Has Been Expressed by …
Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
Committee developing the Terrorist Watchlist Person Data Exchange Standard (TWPDES)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service USCIS (formerly INS; now under DHS)
Department of Transportation