Applying Learning Theoriesin Your Teaching
Presented by
Susan M. Zvacek, Ph.D.Fulbright Scholar
University of Kansas
Historical Perspective
Behaviorism
Cognitive Processing
Constructivism
What is Behaviorism?
Focus on … behavior Stimulus-Response and
Behavior Modification orientation We ignore what we can’t know
(internal processes) No longer popular as a learning
theory base
Behaviorist Theories
Conditioning/
Shaping
Connectionism
Practical Applications of Behaviorism
Identifying observable
(action-oriented) outcomes
Providing feedback to students
Considering transfer of skills
to new environments
What is Cognitive Processing?
Focus on how the brain works Includes memory, thinking,
perceiving, etc. Two areas of emphasis
Memory processes Individual differences
Cognitive Processing Theories
Cognitive Load
Schema Theory
Visual Literacy
Elaboration Theory
Practical Applications of Cognitive Processing Theory
Presenting content in manageable amounts (chunks)
Providing “Advance Organizers” and promoting recall of prior knowledge
Designing visuals from simple to complex
Presenting information that may cause cognitive dissonance
What is Constructivism?
Focus on learner’s active role in his/her own learning
Meaning is constructed in the individual (not transmitted from outside)
Learner reflection on/organization of content
Emphasis on personal relevance to learner
Constructivist Theories
Attribution/Motivation
Active learning
Metacognition
Practical Applications of Constructivism
Designing activities to promote
engagement
Attributing progress to internal factors
Using concept maps
Offering students choice in
assessment methods
Summary
What theories might you apply
in your teaching?
Are some more appropriate for your
content, your students, your goals
than others?