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Apologetics Answers to difficult questions
We will answer these questions: Aren’t all religions the same? How do you know there is a God? How could God have made the earth in 6 days when science tells us otherwise? If God is so good, why does he allow so much suffering and evil? How can you believe such an old book like the Bible that has changed over time? What is so special about the Bible? If the Bible has not changed, why do you have so many versions? How is Jesus different from the other great teachers? Why do you have so many denominations? Lesson 1 World views: Christianity, Pantheism (Hinduism and Buddhism), Islam, Judaism Lesson 2 Naturalism and Evidence for the existence of God Lesson 3 Evolution and the problem of evil Lesson 4 The Bible: It’s uniqueness, importance, and reliability Lesson 5 How the Bible was assembled, archeological support for the Bible Lesson 6 Jesus’ claims about himself. Old Testament prophecies concerning Christ Lesson 7 Evidence for the resurrection of Christ, Denominations and gray areas Lesson 1 World views: Christianity, Pantheism (Hinduism and Buddhism), Islam, Judaism Importance of study and knowing : Colossians 2:8, 1 thes 5:21, Acts 17:11, 1 John 4:1 The purpose of this class is to focus on i____________________ virtues. It is good to have answers, but remember… What makes our faith attractive to unbelievers? Being a “know it all” or being l________________? John 13:34-‐35. This class is designed to solidify your faith.
Worldview definition: How one sees life and the world. How they make sense of reality and discovering the meaning of life. What do you believe about God, the cosmos(the universe), knowledge, values, humanity and history; one’s basic beliefs about life. In this class we will look at these worldviews:
• Naturalism (atheism) • Pantheism(Buddhism and Hinduism) • Islamic • Judaic • Christian
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Evaluating Worldviews…
Opposing Worldviews
Ahmadinejad(Leader of Iran), Osama Bin Laden(Leader of Al Quada), Adolf Hitler(Leader of the Nazis)
All believed in the destruction of others. Ahmadinejad has his eye on I________, Osama had his eye on non-‐Muslims, Hitler had his eye on the J________. They all share a common worldview.
Albert Einstein & Charles Darwin did not believe in God, but in the natural world and the laws of science.
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The Dalai Lama and many eastern religions have a worldview that focuses on the inward self.
Jesus Christ had a worldview that focused on the needs of others and spreading his message to them.
Christianity – has e___________________ power and scope • It explains humanity better: how can man be so good and so evil? Made in God’s i__________ and
s____________ at the same time • It explains the u________________: its source, beginning, order, and fine tuning. • It explains e___________: the existence of objective moral values • It explains religious phenomena: man’s spiritual c___________________ and religious experience,
miracles, and Jesus • It explains abstract entities: laws of logic and mathematics • Astrophysics: natures laws and the universe is fine t____________ and in o_________ • Biology and Chemistry: Life seems to be intelligently d_______________ • Anthropology and Psychology: Humans are intellectually g_________ yet morally f_____________ • Philosophy: Humans crave m______________, p______________ and immortality
“A good world view will explain a broad variety of data. The more profound the explanatory power the greater assurance that one is in fact encountering a truthful vision.” Ken Samples
3 types of reasoning: Inductive, Deductive and Abductive(moving from facts or data or events to an explanation) This reasoning is used by detectives, historians, scientists, doctors, mechanics. What is the best explanation?
Robert Nash, Christian philosopher, “no worldview deserves respect if it ignores or is i____________________ with human experience.”
Comparing Christianity to other religions:
It does not matter how m_________ believe something. Being in good company doesn’t make it true. Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah, Jews and others do not. Both cannot be right no matter how s______________ people are. The problem is that J___________ claimed to be THE WAY and other religions claim that he is not the way. Both cannot be right. Religions can be seen as a set of swimming i_____________________ for drowning swimmers. However, Christianity is a life p__________________. Pg 147 Religions focus on a Home Depot mentality…you can do it y_____________.
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In Christianity is done f______ you.
Other Religions: Christianity: The focus is on your The focus is on Do it Man seeks Depends on what Depends on what GOOD WORKS, CHRIST’S WORK, Your works should lead you to Your salvation should lead you to
John 6:29 -‐ The “work” that God requires is to b_______________ in the one He has sent.
Do not confuse facts with tolerance. Many say Christians are not tolerant since they believe that Jesus is the ONLY way. It is like we are being asked to ignore the facts. Jesus said he was THE way and for the sake of tolerance I will ignore his claims. If 2 + 2 = 4, we are being asked to not believe this fact, but be tolerant.
We cannot prove one religion is right. Religion and God require f________.
What we need to ask is…
Which worldview does the best to e___________ our world?
Hinduism
Founder _____________ The word Hindu comes from the Indus Valley in northern I______________.
Holy Book _________________________________________________________________________
Name of God ______________________________________________________________________
Their place of worship is called a t__________________ or m______________________
Name of their local religious leader p_______________
What is their belief about “ahisma” or non-injury? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the Hindu trinity? ___________________________ the creator, __________________________ the preserver, and ____________________________ the destroyer.
What is reincarnation?_________________________________________________________________
What is Karma? ______________________________________________________________________
What is the most populated Hindu country? ________________________________________________
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What is the caste system? And what are the four levels? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hinduism is a spiritual quest to eliminate s_____________________ and achieve n_______________.
What is nirvana?______________________________________________________________________
Spirit is more important than matter. What is maya? __________________________________________
Sometimes deity takes a bodily form or an incarnation. One example of this is K______________
Hindus seek to find divinity in themselves. They use m_____________________ and y______ to do this.
Hindus can be atheistic, polytheistic or pantheistic. There is great f______________ to believe as you like. Hindus are very tolerant of other faiths.
In this worldview the focus tends to be on self, how we can improve ourselves, rather than on how we can know God, and better serve him and others.
Buddhism
Founder ________________________________________ Born _____________ Died ______________
Was he born into poverty or riches? _____________________________
He was married at 19, had a son, and at 24 he left his family in search of e_______________________
After 6 years of living in poverty and focusing on self denial, he was unsatisfied. He then developed the M______________ Path, which was found through meditation. What are the 4 Noble truths?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are his 8 fold paths?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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What are the 3 jewels? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Buddha was a H__________ who sought to reform or improve the religion.
Holy Book __________________________________________________________________________
Name of God ________________________________________________________________________
Their place of worship is called a t__________________ or m______________________
Name of their local religious leader m_________
What beliefs do Hindus and Buddhists share? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Salvation: How does one reach enlightenment? ____________________________________________________________________________________
In this worldview the focus tends to be on self, how we can improve ourselves, rather than on how we can know God, and better serve him and others.
Islam
Founder ________________________________________ Born _____________ Died ______________
Was he born into poverty or riches? ______________________________________________________
Was he married? ________ How many wives did he have? ____________________________________
Holy Book __________________________What does the word mean?__________________________
Name of God ___________________Allah means __________________________________________
Their place of worship is called a m_____________They worship on what day of the week? __________
The Kaʼaba(Godʼs house) is the holiest place in M______________. This is the place Hagar sat down to die with her son, I________________. 5 years after Mohammedʼs death, the Muslims overtook Jerusalem. It is believed the dome of the rock is where Mohommed a_________________ into heaven.
Name of their local religious leader I_________
The followers of Islam are called M__________.Most of them live in what country? __________________
What are the 5 pillars of Islam? ____________________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are the 5 basic beliefs of Islam?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The 2 branches of Islam ________________ _______%, ___________________ ________%
What is the difference between the two groups? ____________________________________________________________________________________
What does “jihad” mean _______________________
Mohammedʼs conquest of Mecca has set the pattern for his followers to d________________ their enemies.
Who is an infidel? ____________________________________________________________
The goal is not to know God but to o___________ him.
Salvation: How does a muslim obtain a place in Paradise? ______________________________________________________________________________
Judaism
Founder ____________________________________ Born _____________ Died ______________
Holy Book __________________________________________________________________________
Name of God ________________________________________________________________________
Their place of worship is called a s_____________They worship on what day of the week? __________
Name of their local religious leader r_________
What is the Torah?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is the Talmud?
________________________________________________________________________________
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What are the 3 branches: O______________________, C______________________, R___________________
What are the 3 required annual pilgrimages:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What is Rosh Hashanah?
________________________________________________________________________________
What is Yom Kippur?
________________________________________________________________________________
What is Hanukkah?
________________________________________________________________________________
When was their last temple destroyed? __________ What remains? __________________________
How many Jews died in the Holocaust of World War 2? ___________________________________
When did Israel become a state? ______________
Lesson 2 Naturalism and Evidence for the existence of God Naturalism , Atheism and Postmodernism
Reality This material universe is what is really real. As Carl Sagan, astrophysicist puts it, "The cosmos is all that is or all that ever will be." The present scientific view of how the universe came into being, now taught in major universities worldwide, is that it all came into existence with a "big bang" some billions of years ago. The atheist would say this was initiated by some physical process as yet unknown. Humans Human consciousness and intelligence developed from chemicals by a long process of chance evolution. Personality developed from impersonal hydrogen atoms. We are all the products of matter, time and chance alone. How do we know things? Knowledge is the result of physical processes in our brains. Meaning As there is no intelligent being who planned it all, life only has what m_______________ we humans choose to give it. Some would give it n__ meaning. Death Death is the end of our personal e___________________.
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Morality and values Right and wrong are merely what w____ decide for ourselves as humans, either individually or in groups. Usually it is the majority decision that wins the day. History History has n_____ ultimate purpose. We have to make the most of what we have got. In the end, this planet will certainly burn up or freeze and that will be the end of everything. Atheism is a relative newcomer to the historical scene in any significant measure, but now appears to be in decline. Statistician David Barrett says that since 1970 the number of atheists has dropped from 4.6% of world population to 3.8% (222 million). He predicts continuing decline. Postmodernism Reality We all create our own reality. God tends to be ignored.
Truth and reason There is n_____absolute truth. Emotions, feelings, intuition, reflection, magic, myth, and mystical experience are now centre stage. "I know" has been replaced by "I feel".
The postmodern aversion to truth is well expressed by Allan Bloom in The Closing of the American Mind. The danger... is not error but i__________________. Relativism is necessary to openness; and this is the virtue, the only virtue, which all primary education for more than fifty years has dedicated itself to [teaching]. Openness—and the relativism that makes it the only plausible stance in the face of various claims to truth and the various ways of life and kinds of human beings—is the great insight of our times. The true believer is the real danger. The study of history and of culture teaches that all the world was mad in the past; men always thought they were right, and that led to wars, persecutions, slavery, racism and chauvinism. The point is not to correct the mistakes and really be right; rather it is not to think that you are right at all. Sigmund Freud had described this outcome with glaring precision nearly one hundred years ago:
Fundamentally, we only find what we need and only see what we want to see. We have no other possibility. Since the criterion for truth—correspondence with the external world—is absent, it is entirely a matter of indifference what opinions we adopt. All of them are e___________ true and equally false. And no one has the right to accuse anyone else of e__________.
Someone has said that we have now moved from the conviction that everyone has a right to his own opinions, to the notion that every opinion is equally r_____________!
Religion Postmodernism does not rule out religion as did modernism, with its emphasis on human reason. However, the religions that are approved are very different from Christianity. You may believe what you want to. Go for what makes you feel good. Religion is c_______________ style. You choose what you like from what is spread in front of you, and put a meal together that suits your taste. There are strong links with paganism.
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Morality All moral values are r______________. Each person or culture develops their own moral values. The important question is not "Is it right?" but "What will it do for me?" There is a strong emphasis on the fact that we are shaped by our culture, and a consequent diminishing of personal responsibility. Tolerance Tolerance of other views is one of the pillars of postmodernism. Individualism There is a strong emphasis on individualism. In the American court case Planned Parenthood v. Casey, in justifying the abortion license, the court declared that it is up to each i_______________ to determine "the concept of existence, of meaning, of the universe, and of the mystery of human life." Problems with this worldview:
1. Without God, there is no right or wrong
If there is no right or wrong, are atheists free to do w________________ they want? Are atheists attempting to avoid any moral r_____________________? Why would an atheist want to do good? What is good? P24 Ray comfort
2. Psychologists say the best thing for people is to have a purpose and hope. Atheists have no h_______. That doesn’t mean it is not true, but that their world view is “u___________________”
The Existence of God
1. Cosmological Argument The term “cosmological” comes from the Greek word “kosmos” which means “w_____________.” The cosmological argument for God’s existence goes like this: The world could not exist on its own so there must have been a f_________ cause that brought it into being. This first cause is God. Or put another way, the universe could not just exist on its own—someone or something must have made it. This cause of the universe is God. 2. Teleological Argument The teleological argument is also known as “the argument from d__________” (The Greek word “telos” means “purpose” or “design.”). The argument goes like this: The universe evidences great c_________________ or design; thus, it must have been designed by a great Designer or God. The argument from design can be likened to a watch. A watch is obviously made by a w__________________________. The world, which is much more complex than a watch, must also have been designed by a great Designer or Divine Watchmaker (God). In sum, the teleological argument asserts that the universe evidences too much complexity to be the product of random c___________. We know that the celestial bodies move with perfect accuracy in their orbits. Our bodies, too, are incredibly complex. According to the teleological
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argument, there’s just no way all this c_______________ could “just happen.” God must have created it all. 3. Ontological Argument The ontological argument can be stated in this way: “God is the greatest being imaginable. One of the aspects of perfection or greatness is existence. Thus, God exists.” Or put another way—“The fact that God can be c_______________ means that he must exist.” This argument for God’s existence was developed by the twelfth century theologian and philosopher, Anselm. It is based on Anselm’s declaration that God is “that which nothing greater can be conceived.” 4. Moral Law Argument Another argument for the existence of God is the moral law argument. It goes like this: Without God morality would be i__________________. There must be a Lawgiver (God) who originates and stands by moral law. A universal moral law cannot exist accidentally. There must be a basis behind it—God. According to this view, every person is born with an inherent understanding of r________ and w__________. Everyone, for instance, understands that killing an innocent person is wrong. Everyone understands that helping a drowning person is right. Where did this internal understanding of right and wrong come from? According to adherents of the moral law argument, this understanding comes from God. He put it into the hearts of every person. http://www.theologicalstudies.org/page/page/1572404.htm 5. Uniqueness of Mankind Argument Man and animals share a similar physiological makeup, but man is unique because he shares God’s image. The image of our creator is seen in our:
1. Language – Most animals can communicate, but only man can r______ and w______. 2. Creativity – Like our creator we can create, design, build and plan. Some animals can
build damns and nests, but animals are l______________ in variety and complexity as compared to man’s ability. Man’s creative abilities are demonstrated in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, medicine, physics, etc.
3. Ability of Love – Animals can protect their young, but man has h________________ emotional skills. He can show compassion, l____________ at humor and even cry. Both man and animals have tear ducts, but only man can shed t__________ of emotion. When we learn at Christmas time that “it is better to give than to receive,” we are reflecting the image of our creator. 1 John 4:16 says God is love.
4. Desire for Acceptance - Only God is to be w_____________. God appreciates our worship as a “sweet aroma”. Man has a similar appreciation for compliments. We love to be p_____________. This need we have for importance is a reflection of our God who is the only one worthy of praise.
5. Appreciation for Beauty – Man seeks beauty and goodness. We enjoy beautiful music, beautiful paintings, beautiful sunsets, etc.
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6. Desire for Immortality – All things struggle to survive. Mankind also yearns for life beyond death. Egyptians built the p________________ for the afterlife. Every culture seeks a god beyond themselves. We study Theology, Philosophy, Ethics, etc.
7. Freedom – We have freewill to choose right and wrong and therefore are responsible for our actions.
With a little faith, one can simply look in the m_________ and see the image their creator. It should be noted that most Christian theologians and philosophers believe that God never intended for his existence to be something that could be proven with 100% certainty. They point out that f________ is an important component in understanding God and his existence. Review -‐ Teleological Argument
The u__________________ must have had a b______________, its order and elegance speaks of a D______________, its complexity and fine tuning imply this must have been made by a higher i______________. Almost every scientist believes in the big bang/expanding universe theory. If this world is a garden, there must be a g____________. Finding a computer leads one to assume someone a_______________ this. Finding the Gettysburg address assumes someone w_________ this.
o The Earth…its size is perfect. The Earth’s size and corresponding gravity holds a thin layer of mostly nitrogen and oxygen gases, only extending about 50 miles above the Earth’s surface. If Earth were smaller, an atmosphere would be impossible, like the planet Mercury. If Earth were larger, its atmosphere would contain free hydrogen, like Jupiter.(4) Earth is the only known planet equipped with an atmosphere of the right mixture of gases to sustain plant, animal and human life. The Earth is located the right distance from the sun. Consider the temperature swings we encounter, roughly -30 degrees to +120 degrees. If the Earth were any further away from the sun, we would all freeze. Any closer and we would burn up. Even a fractional variance in the Earth’s position to the sun would make life on Earth impossible. The Earth remains this perfect distance from the sun while it rotates around the sun at a speed of nearly 67,000 mph. It is also rotating on its axis, allowing the entire surface of the Earth to be properly warmed and cooled every day. And our moon is the perfect size and distance from the Earth for its gravitational pull. The moon creates important ocean tides and movement so ocean waters do not stagnate, and yet it restrains our massive oceans from spilling over across the continents.(5)
o Water…colorless, odorless and without taste, and yet no living thing can survive without it. Plants, animals and human beings consist mostly of water (about two-thirds of the human body is water). You’ll see why the characteristics of water are uniquely suited to life…It has an unusually high boiling point and freezing point. Water allows us to live in an environment of fluctuating temperature changes, while keeping our bodies a steady 98.6 degrees. Water is a universal solvent. Take a full glass of water, add a cup of sugar, and nothing spills over the edge; the water simply absorbs the sugar. This property of water means that thousands of chemicals, minerals and nutrients can be carried throughout our bodies and into the smallest blood vessels.(6)Water is also chemically inert. Without affecting the makeup of the substances it carries, water enables food, medicines and minerals to be absorbed and used by the body.
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Water has a unique surface tension. Water in plants can therefore flow upward against gravity, bringing life-giving water and nutrients to the top of even the tallest trees. Water freezes from the top down and floats, so fish can live in the winter. Ninety-seven percent of the Earth’s water is in the oceans. But on our Earth, there is a system designed which removes salt from the water and then distributes that water throughout the globe. Evaporation takes the ocean waters, leaving the salt, and forms clouds which are easily moved by the wind to disperse water over the land, for vegetation, animals and people. It is a system of purification and supply that sustains life on this planet, a system of recycled and reused water.
o The human brain…simultaneously processes an amazing amount of information. Your brain takes in all the colors and objects you see, the temperature around you, the pressure of your feet against the floor, the sounds around you, the dryness of your mouth, even the way this article appears to you on your screen. Your brain registers emotional responses, thoughts and memories. At the same time your brain keeps track of the ongoing functions of your body like your breathing pattern, eyelid movement, hunger and movement of the muscles in your hands. The human brain processes more than a million messages a second.(8) Your brain weighs the importance of all this data, filtering out the relatively unimportant. This screening function is what allows you to focus and operate effectively in your world. A brain that deals with more than a million pieces of information every second, while evaluating its importance and allowing you to act on the most pertinent information…can we say mere chance brought about such an astounding organ? http://powertochange.com/students/godexist1/
Other examples of design: strength of gravity, distance from the sun, tilt of the earth’s axis, the eye, discovery of DNA was a discovery for a set of instructions, and the amazing camel . . . http://www.plaintruth.com/the_plain_truth/2010/09/the-‐amazing-‐camel-‐and-‐its-‐creator.html
Moral Law Argument Where did e____________ and morality come from? Every person has “shoulds” and “oughts” built into them. It would be strange to build a boat and not give it a rudder or send a rocket into space without a guidance system. In the same way, God has built into mankind his own guidance system, that we call our c___________________. Moral argument: 1. If God does not exist, moral values do not exist. 2. Moral values do exist. 3. Therefore, God exists. Intellectual problems are often a smoke screen to the real issue…Man does not w__________ to change his way of life, his morals.
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Ontological Argument The multitudes of r_______________ speak of the universal belief that there is a God. Every c_____________ has a sense that there is a god(Romans 1, Ecclesiastes 3:11). Romans 1:20 You have enough knowledge to know God. Romans 1:21 God cannot be known or understood because we have rebelled.
Cosmological Argument Most scientist today BELIEVE in the Big Bang theory, which includes the idea that the “bang” began at a single point. Edwin Powell Hubble (November 29, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer who profoundly changed understanding of the universe by confirming the existence of galaxies other than our own, the Milky Way. He also discovered that the degree of "Doppler shift" (specifically "redshift") observed in the light spectra from other galaxies increased in proportion to a particular galaxy's distance from Earth. This relationship became known as Hubble's law, and helped establish that the universe is expanding. Hubble has sometimes been incorrectly credited with discovering the Doppler shift in the spectra of galaxies, but this had already been observed earlier by Vesto Slipher, whose data Hubble used. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Hubble
Uniqueness of Mankind Argument Man is a reflection of the image of God. He is different from the animals in his:
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1. L________________________ 2. C_______________________ 3. Ability to L________ 4. Desire for A________________ 5. Appreciation for B_______________ 6. Desire for I_____________________ 7. F____________________ Arguments for God’s existence: Cosmological, Teleological, Moral Law, Ontological, and the Uniqueness of Mankind God cannot be proven scientifically. You cannot prove Napoleon, Lincoln or Hitler ever existed from science because this requires repetition.
Lesson 3 Evolution and the problem of evil Evolution and Creation Darwin's Theory of Evolution is the widely held notion that all life is related and has descended from a common ancestor: the birds and the bananas, the fishes and the flowers -- all related. Darwin's general theory presumes the development of life from non-life and stresses a purely naturalistic (undirected) "descent with modification". That is, complex creatures evolve from more simplistic ancestors naturally over time. In a nutshell, as random genetic mutations occur within an organism's genetic code, the beneficial mutations are preserved because they aid survival -- a process known as "natural selection." These beneficial mutations are passed on to the next generation. Over time, beneficial mutations accumulate and the result is an entirely different organism (not just a variation of the original, but an entirely different creature).
Definition: a developmental process in which an organ or organism becomes more and more complex by differentiation of its parts
A LAW of science is a scientific theory that has n________ been observed to fail (ie gravity).
Some problems:
First LAW of Thermodynamics: Matter or energy is neither being c____________ or d______________, it remains constant or matter cannot be created from nothing.
The Second LAW of Thermodynamics: All things go from complexity and order to randomness and disorder or simply, life runs d_______ h_____ (ie decay).
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The LAW of Biogenesis: Life comes from life.
The first LAW of Motion: Things will remain in the state of r______ unless some outside force acts upon it.
The Fossil Record: According to the fossil evidence, complex forms of life abruptly appear in the Cambrian rock strata and no t________________ fossils can be found.
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Natural Selection: We have not observed the formation of any new s______________. Scientists have been able to develop thousands of mutated flies, but none have proved beneficial and no new insect has evolved. Where is the crocco-‐duck? It exists in the land of i____________________.
What are the negative impacts of believing the theory of evolution:
1. It tends to destroy ones f________ in God. 2. It tends to decrease one’s awareness that he or she is a special c______________ of God. 3. It tends to destroy ones discrimination between right and w__________. 4. It tends to destroy one’s appreciation for b_____________. 5. It tends to destroy one’s h________ and purpose.
Scientists make assumptions and presuppositions and they have faith.
We have 2 choices:
1. C__________ and t_______ led to life (frog in a blender or a running car from a junk yard) or
2. Life was d_________________.
Scientist agree that the universe had a beginning. There are 3 theories:
1. The steady state theory-‐it is eternal 2. The oscillating theory-‐it expands and contracts like a spring 3. Big Bang theory-‐Hubble(most accepted) Objects moving away appear more red.
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Young earth vs. old earth creationists
1. Young Earth creationism is a form of creationism that asserts the Heavens, Earth, and all life on Earth was created by direct acts of the Abrahamic God during a relatively s_________ period, sometime between 5,700 and 10,000 years ago.
2. Old Earth Creationism: 3 views a. Progressive Creationism (Day-‐Age Creation) is an attempt to harmonize the Bible with
current scientific beliefs. It assumes the days of the creation were actually broad lengths of t_________, and proposes that God separately created the various kinds of organisms and later man, but over a l______ period of time. It also accepts the evolutionary time scale (simple to complex over millions of years) but has more input from God.
b. Gap Theory Creation assumes that a vast period of time elapsed between the first two verses of Genesis. Most variations of this theory interpret Genesis 1:1 as the f_______ creation, which included the creation of the heavens, the earth, plants and animals, and even a race of humans preceding Adam. Perhaps billions of years then elapsed, during which time Satan and his angels fell and corrupted the inhabitants of the earth. God then judged and destroyed the earth and all its inhabitants. Thus, the earth became "formless and void" (Genesis 1:2) and remained that way for eons. The s______________ creation, according to the gap theory, began in Genesis 1:3 with the first day of the (re)creation week—the familiar six-‐day creation.
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c. Theistic Evolution accepts the theory of evolution as the mechanisms for the development of life on earth from a single common ancestor. Some theistic evolutionists believe abiogenesis is impossible without a direct act of God, and others
assume God created the universe in such a way that life would eventually result.
How long is a day? Psalms 90:4, 2 Peter 3:8 In matters where God chooses to be silent, so should we.
The problem of evil and suffering “Why does God allow suffering?”
Before you accuse God of being unfair or unkind, consider these points from Marie Little’s book, Paul Little: Know Why You Believe. Inter varsity Press, 1988.
1. God created man good, but we rebelled and sinned. Romans 5 says that sin and death entered the world because of m______ not God. Romans 5:12 When people are harmed by evil people, don’t be quick to judge God. Remember we are in a s___________ world.
2. Evil is often a result of the works of S__________, God’s enemy, who is a______________ to do evil. Matthew 13:28. Why doesn’t God destroy Satan? Ought God destroy us when we act wickedly?
3. A day is coming when God WILL remove suffering. 4. What has God done about evil? He has sacrificed his own son to d_____ for evil humans so that
we would not have to s_________ in eternity. He suffered in our p_________. Is that fair? It is a demonstration of God’s g___________.
5. Should God deal with each of us according to our own behavior? Thank God he does not. Psalms 103:10, 11.
6. Our assumption that the removal of suffering is the greatest good, is f____________ thinking. Sometimes suffering is u________ by God for good (John 9:1-‐3). Building muscles and athletic training almost always involves some p_________ caused by a coach that p____________ the athletes farther than the athlete wants to go. Like the coach, God has our best in mind.
7. God’s desire is not death, but l________. Read Ezekiel 33:11, 2 Peter 3:9 8. God sends no one to hell. We w________ our way there. Romans 6:23. God has provided a way
of e__________. 9. God feels our pain. Isaiah 53:3, Hebrews 2:18, 4:15 10. God doesn’t ask us to u____________________, but he does ask us to t__________ him. We
do not see the big picture like he does. Romans 8:28
11. With this question we do the same thing they did in the garden. We are attempting to put the b__________ on someone else. Evil is not God’s fault. It is o____.
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In summary:
• Evil is a necessary part of f__________. • Much of suffering can be traced to evil choices by h______________. • Some suffering is a______________by God as judgment and punishment. • God has an enemy, who causes s_____________________. • God is the great s__________er.
Lesson 4 The Bible: It’s uniqueness, importance, and reliability The Uniqueness and Importance of the Bible The bible is unique in it’s (Josh McDowell, EDV pg 16):
1. C____________________ 1. Written over a ______ year span 2. Written by over ____ authors. What were their occupations? 3. Written in different p_________, t________, m________. 4. Written in __________ different languages. 5. Includes hundreds of controversial subjects, yet from Genesis to Revelation there
is h_______________ and continuity. Theme of book-‐Story of God’s redemption of m______________
2. C____________________ 3. Survival through t_____________ 4. Survival through c____________________
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5. Teachings p22-‐24 1. P__________________
6. P________________ 7. Influence on l___________________
How is it important? What are the benefits of reading and applying the truths of the bible?
In Psalms 1:1-‐3 a man who delights in God’s word is like … _____________________________________________________________. Psalms 119 Verses 1-‐3 It keeps me from ___________. Verses 5, 6 It protects me from ______________. Verse 7 It helps me keep the right attitude by ___________________God. Verse 9 It keeps me _____________. Verse 22 It keeps me from ________________ and ___________________. Verses 98, 99 It makes me _____________ than my enemies and teachers. Verse 105 It gives me ___________________. Verse 165 It gives me great ___________________. Can we say like the Psalmist does in 119:16, 20, 24, 40,47, 97, 127, 131?
2 Timothy 3:16-‐17 The word of God has multiple p________________, Hebrews 4:12 The word of God is p________________
How we know things to be true…The Wesleyan Quadrilateral
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The Reliability and Accuracy of the Bible
New Testament
3 Tests of Historicity (this can be applied to any document):
1. B_____________________________ Evidence Test– Since we don’t have the o_____________...
a. How reliable are the c______________? b. How m________ copies do we have? c. What is the t__________ between copies?
WORK WHEN WRITTEN EARLIEST COPY TIME SPAN NO. OF COPIES Caesar’s Gallic Wars
Annals of Tacitus Illiad by Homer New Testament The most important manuscript copies of the New Testament are: 1. The Codex Vaticanus (B) 325-‐350AD has been located in the Vatican library in Rome since 1481, but
not made available until 1889. It is written in Greek and does not include the Pastoral Epistles or Hebrews 9:15 through Revelation.
2. The Codex Ehraemi Rescriptus (C ) 345AD excludes 2 Thessalonians and 2 John. It was not published until 1845.
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3. The Codex Alexandrinus (A) 450AD given to King James after the KJV (1611) was written in 1627. It is missing portions of Matthew, John and 2 Corinthians.
4. The Codex Bezae (D) 450 or 550AD was written in Greek and Latin. It contains the Gospels, Acts and a small section of 3 John in Latin.
5. The Codex Claromontanus (6th century) excludes Hebrews, Philippians, 1, 2 Thessalonians 6. The Codex Siniaiticus (Aleph) a 4th century Greek manuscript was discovered in 1844 and included
over half of the OT all of NT except Mark 16:9-‐20 and John 7:53-‐8:11. 7. The Codex Hierosolymitanus (Constantinopolitanus or H) written around 1056AD and discovered in
1873 contained a synopsis of the Old and New Testaments . Many other books were included in these manuscripts that were not accepted into the canon. Some examples are the Epistle of Barnabas,The Shepherd of Hermas, the Didache, These will be discussed in the next section.
Codex Vaticanus Codex Alexandrinus Codex Siniaticus
2 more Tests of Historicity…review test one
2. Internal Evidence Test– Authors of NT were e______ w_____________________ Luke 1:1-‐3, 2 Peter 1:16
3. External Evidence Test-‐ a. Evidence from n____-‐biblical authors ( Historians who wrote about Jesus:
J______________, P___________, T_____________, S____________________, and E____________________.
b. A__________________ support
Reasons we can trust the Old Testament: 1. The New Testament quotes from all 66 Old Testament Books except 5 books(E______,
N_______________, E___________, E______________________, and the Song of S_____________). This does not mean they are not inspired. The author of Hebrews was so convinced the OT was the word of God, that he quoted it ____ times.
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2. Jeremiah 36:2 God instructed him to write all the words on a scroll, Later the king of Judah, Jehoiakim burned the scroll 36:23, but God directed him to write them again. This shows God’s determination to protect and preserve his word.
3. Jesus b_________________ the Old Testament to be scripture, God’s word. Matthew 5:18 says he believes it to be the supreme authority. In Matthew 4 he says,” it is written”. Jesus quoted from ________ of the 39 Old Testament books. He spoke of the L______, the p_____________ and the w_________________ (Luke 24:44). These 3 words sum up the 3 divisions of the Hebrew scripture:
Torah: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy (the books of the Law) Prophets:
Former Prophets: 1-‐Joshua 2-‐Judges 3-‐1-‐2 Samuel 4-‐1-‐2 Kings Latter Prophets: 5-‐Isaiah 6-‐Jeremiah 7-‐Ezekiel 8-‐Book of the Twelve: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi
The Writings: Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Songs, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra, Nehemiah, 1-‐2 Chronicles
4. Archeology: Nelson Glueck a nonchristian archeologists said: “It may be stated categorically that no archeological discovery has ever controverted a biblical reference.”
Prior to the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls the oldest COMPLETE Hebrew manuscript of the OT was dated at 900AD. How can we be sure it was translated correctly over the previous 900 years? Read quote on page 53(chart 166 letters, 10, 4, 3) "Probably the Dead Sea Scrolls have had the greatest Biblical impact. They have provided Old Testament manuscripts approximately _________ years older than our previous oldest manuscript. The Dead Sea Scrolls have demonstrated that the Old Testament was accurately transmitted during this interval. In addition, they provide a wealth of information on the times leading up to, and during, the life of Christ. —Dr. Bryant Wood, archaeologist, Associates for Biblical Research
Summary: Jesus, his disciples, and the church fathers all believed the bible to be the word of God. If you
do not, you are in disagreement with them. The early church fathers never questioned the divine authority of scripture. Controversies raged against what it taught, not what it was.
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Lesson 5 How the Bible was assembled, archeological support for the Bible
How the Bible was Assembled (Canonization)
In 160AD a church leader by the name of M___________ declared that he had determined which writings were considered scriptural. This caused the church to react by determining which books they thought ought to be considered as canon or as the “rule” to measure truth. It took the church the following ______ years to determine and develop the Bible that we have today.
The New Testament was written in G_________. The Old Testament was written in H_______________ with a few chapters in A_______________. The OT in Hebrew is called the Masoretic Text. When the Old Testament was translated into Greek it was called the S________________ or LXX because 70 scribes were assigned the task in the 3rd century BC. So at Jesus’ time the Old Testament was available in Hebrew and Greek.
CRITERIA FOR CANONICITY What did the early fathers use to determine whether one book should be included or not included in the canon of scripture?
FF Bruce’s criteria: 1. A_______________ Authority 2. A______________ (dated in the apostle’s time) 3. O______________ (consistent with the rest of the teachings of the bible) 4. C_______________ (acknowledged by the majority-‐universal recognition) 5. T_______________ Use (what has always been believed or practiced) 6. I________________ (vocabulary is of men, but the message is of God)
When the early church fathers assembled the accepted books for the New Testament they first looked for books that were written by those who w___________ and t____________ with Jesus. Because of this the four g_______________ were the first books recognized as scriptural. Following the gospels, the A______ and P______________ epistles were the next group to be accepted.
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The remainder of the books were not agreed upon until the end of the fourth century. The first time all 27 books were listed together was in _________AD in a letter written by the bishop of Alexandria, A_____________________. During this time between Marcion, 160AD and the end of the fourth century, the Church wrestled with developing the canon or rule. The question of who had the truth or authority was continually directed back to those c____________ to Jesus, his d______________. If a book was ascribed to an apostle, that carried much validity. The Church developed the importance of “apostolic succession” to help determine who had the truth and was able to speak authoritatively. The OT canon was first assembled in 170AD What about the Apocrypha? In 1546 the Roman Catholic Church accepted the Apocryphal books as scripture. Criteria for expulsion of the spurious books or apocrypha(hidden) pg 33 From Unger’s Bible dictionary:
1. They abound in h______________ and g__________________ inaccuracies and anachronisms. 2. They teach doctrines that are f________ and encourage p_____________ which are at variance
with inspired Scripture. 3. They resort to literary types and display an artificiality of subject matter and styling out of
keeping with inspired scripture. In other words they are very d_________________. 4. They l______ distinctive elements which give genuine scripture their divine character, such as
p_______________ power and p_____________ religious feeling. Jesus and the New Testament writers never once q__________ from the Apocryphal books.
Why so many versions?
The Living Bible (TLB) — A paraphrased rendition of the King James Version by Kenneth Taylor in 1971. This is not a genuine translation, but is a type of phrase-‐by-‐phrase commentary that was originally intended to help the author’s own children understand the scriptures. It is useful for inspiration and commentary, but for serious Bible study it should only be used in conjunction with a legitimate translation. The King James Version (KJV) — Translated in 1611 by 47 scholars using the B___________________ family of manuscripts, Textus Receptus. This remains as a good version of the Bible. It has been the most reliable translation for over three centuries, but its Elizabethan style Old English is difficult for modern readers, especially youth. This is still a good translation for those who can deal with the language. The New King James Version (NKJV) — 130 translators, commissioned by Thomas Nelson Publishers, produced this version from the B___________________ family (Textus Receptus) in 1982. This is a revision of the King James version, updated to modern English with minor translation corrections and retention of traditional phraseology. This is a very good version. The New American Standard Bible (NASB) — Translated in 1971 by 58 scholars of the Lockman Foundation, from Kittle’s Biblia Hebraica and Nestle’s Greek New Testament 23rd ed., which include the A_____________________ Family codices. Though academic in tone, it is said to be the most exact English translation available. A very good version.
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The New International Version (NIV) — Over 100 translators completed this work in 1978 which was composed from Kittle’s, Nestle’s and United Bible Society’s texts, which include the A_____________________ Family codices. This is considered an “open” style translation. It is a good, easy to read version. Billy Graham said the best version is “the one that is r_______.”
http://www.slideshare.net/jcrocombe/bible-‐manuscripts-‐and-‐translations
Archeological evidence supporting the bible
You cannot p________ the bible with archeology. Archeology only s______________ the bible.
1. The Moabite stone Moab’s king Mesha gives his viewpoint of 2 Kings 3 on the Moabite stone, which was discovered in 1868 at Dibon, east of the Dead Sea. The stone even mentions king Omri by name.
2. The Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser stands nearly 7 feet tall and 2 feet thick. On each of the 4 sides there are 5 panels with carvings of various kings bringing tribute to king Shalmaneser III. The second panel from the top of the obelisk reveals king Jehu of Israel bowing at the feet of Shalmaneser of Assyria. This is the same Jehu who is mentioned in Scripture, and this carved relief is the only image in all history of one of the Hebrew kings. On the panel Shalmaneser is offering a libation to his god. The cuneiform text around the panel reads:
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"The tribute of Jehu, son of Omri: I received from him silver, gold, a golden bowl, a golden vase with pointed bottom, golden tumblers, golden buckets, tin, a staff for a king [and] spears."
Sketch of the Jehu Relief Panel
http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/nab/does-‐archaeology-‐support-‐the-‐bible
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Major Evidences Regarding Genesis 1–11
One of the Babylonian Creation Tablets, Enuma Elish
Enuma Elish—This is the Babylonian Creation Record. We also have the Ebla Creation Tablet. The Bible record is clearly superior to this as the Enuma Elish has creation from pre-‐existing matter, which really isn’t creation at all. The Bible is the true account of this historical event.
The Epic of Gilgamesh includes the Babylonian Flood Story. Again, the biblical record is greatly superior. As Nozomi Osanai wrote in her master’s thesis on a comparison between Noah’s Flood and the Gilgamish Epic, “According to the specifics, scientific reliability, internal consistency, the correspondence to the secular records, and the existence of common elements among the flood traditions around the world, the Genesis account seems to be more acceptable as an accurate historical record.”1
Part of the Gilgamesh Epic
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Major Evidences Regarding Exodus to Deuteronomy
The Eshnunna Law Code dating to c.1900 BC
These are the other four books of the Pentateuch, written by Moses, and probably at times in consultation with Aaron, the chief priest, and Joshua, the military leader.
1. The Law of Moses was written by a man raised in the courts of pharaoh, and it was greatly superior to other law codes, such as those of the Babylonian king Hammurabi, and the Eshnunna code that was found near modern Baghdad.
2. The covenant forms of the writings of Moses follow the same format as those of the Hittites, as endorsed by Professor George Mendenhall. The law code is a unity, dating to about 1500 BC (the time of Moses). These writings come from one source only, and there is no one to fit this requirement at this time except Moses. Ethical concepts of the Law were not too early for Moses, despite earlier hypercriticism. (Ebla tablets from Syria pre-‐date Moses and, for example, include penalties against rape.)
At the time of his lecture, Professor Nelson Glueck stated, “I have excavated for thirty years with a Bible in one hand and a trowel in the other, and in matters of historical perspective I have never found the Bible to be in error.” Being a world-class Jewish scholar, Professor Glueck would have meant the Old Testament when he referred to the Bible, but it is also true that at least on one occasion, to my knowledge, he defended the accuracy of the New Testament writings as well.
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Major Evidences Regarding Joshua to Saul
Canaanite deities, Baal and Asherah
This section includes the conquest, the judges, and the early kingdom.
Deities such as Baal, Asherah, and Dagan are properly identified in association with the right people.
Major Evidences Regarding David to Solomon
The entrance to the Solomonic City of Gezer
1. Following the discovery of the Ugaritic library, it has become clear that the Psalms of David should be dated to his times and not to the Maccabean period, 800 years later, as critics
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claimed. The renowned scholar William Foxwell Albright wrote, “To suggest that the Psalms of David should be dated to the Maccabean period is absurd.”4
2. Solomonic cities such as Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer (1 Kings 9:15) have been excavated. Solomon even used similar blueprints for some duplicated buildings.
Major Evidences Regarding the Assyrian Period
King Sargon of Assyria, mentioned at Isaiah 20:1
This was the time of “The Reign of Terror,” not long after Solomon’s death.
1. Isaiah 20:1 was challenged by critics because they knew of no king named Sargon in lists of Assyrian kings. Now Sargon’s palace has been recovered at Khorsabad, including a wall inscription and a library record endorsing the battle against the Philistine city of Ashdod (mentioned in Isaiah 20:1).
2. Assyrian titles such as tartan (commander-‐in-‐chief ), and several others, are used casually yet confidently by Bible writers.
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Part of a pathway excavated by Dr. Clifford Wilson between Sennacherib’s palace and the temple where his sons killed him
Other Assyrian titles such as rabmag, rabshakeh, and tipsarru were also used by Bible writers. As the Assyrians disappeared from history after the Battle of Carchemish in 605 BC, this retention of “obsolete” words is a strong pointer to the eyewitness nature of the records. Thus it points also to the genuineness of the prophecies because the same men who wrote the historical facts also wrote prophecies.
3. The death of Sennacherib is recorded at Isaiah 37:38 and 2 Kings 19:37 and is confirmed in the records of Sennacherib’s son, Esarhaddon. It was later added to by Esarhaddon’s son Ashur-‐bani-‐pal.
Various details about Nineveh and the account of Jonah point to the Bible’s historicity. The symbol of Nineveh was a pregnant woman with a fish in her womb.
Adad-Nirari III, who might have been the king of Jonah’s time, introduced remarkable reforms—possibly after the message of the prophet Jonah. Adad-Nirari’s palace was virtually alongside the later construction of what is known as “Nebi Yunis” (“the prophet Jonah”). That structure is the supposed site of the tomb of Jonah, and although that is unlikely, the honoring of Jonah is very interesting.
Major Evidences Regarding the Babylonians and Nebuchadnezzar
Nebuchadnezzar sacked Jerusalem and took Judah into captivity.
1. Daniel knew that Nebuchadnezzar was responsible for the splendor of Babylon (Daniel 4:30). This was unknown to modern historians until it was confirmed by the German professor Koldewey, who excavated Babylon approximately 100 years ago.
2. We now know from the Babylonian Chronicle that the date of Nebuchadnezzar’s capture of Jerusalem was the night of March 15/16, 597 BC. We also know that Belshazzar really was the king of Babylon at this time because his father Nabonidus, who was undertaking archaeological research, was away from Babylon for about 10 years. He appointed his son Belshazzar as co-‐regent during that time.
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3. Prophecies against Babylon (e.g., Jeremiah 51, 52) have been literally fulfilled. Nebuchadnezzar wrote that the walls of Babylon would be a perpetual memorial to his name, but Jeremiah said, “The broad walls of Babylon shall be utterly broken” (Jeremiah 51:58). Jeremiah, inspired by God, has been confirmed.
Critics said ‘There was no such king’, but his palace and library were uncovered
Major Evidences Regarding Cyrus and the Medes and Persians
The Medes and the Persians took over after the Babylonians.
1. Cyrus became king over the Medes and Persians. We read of Cyrus when his name was recorded prophetically in Isaiah 44:28, 45:1. He issued the famous Cyrus Decree that allowed captive peoples to return to their own lands (2 Chronicles 36:22–23 and Ezra 1:1–4). The tomb of Cyrus has been found.
2. God was in control of His people’s history—even using a Gentile king to bring His purposes to pass. The Cyrus Cylinder (a clay cylinder found in 1879 inscribed in Babylonian cuneiform with an account of Cyrus’ conquest of Babylon in 539 BC) confirms that Cyrus had a conquest of Babylon.
3. Some Jews remained in Babylon, as shown in the book of Esther. The type of “unchanging” laws of the Medes and Persians shown therein (Esther 1:19
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The Cyrus Cylinder—Isaiah referred to him prophetically
Major Evidences Regarding Ezra and Nehemiah
This was the time of the resettlement in the land after the exile in Babylon.
1. Elephantine papyri, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Targums of Job, etc., show that Aramaic was then in use, as Ezra indicates.
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Part of the restored wall of Nehemiah
2. Sanballat was, as the Bible says, the Governor of Samaria (Nehemiah 4, 6), though it was claimed by many writers that Sanballat was much later than Nehemiah. Several Sanballats are now known, and recovered letters even refer to Johanan (Nehemiah 12:13). Geshem the Arab (Nehemiah 6) is also known. Despite longstanding criticisms, Ezra and Nehemiah are accurate records of an actual historical situation.
3. The letters about Sanballat (above) clear up a dating point regarding Nehemiah. Nehemiah’s time was with Artaxerxes I who ruled from 465 to 423 BC, not Artaxerxes II. This illustrates the preciseness with which Old Testament dating is very often established by modern research.
http://www.christiananswers.net/archaeology/home.html
This website lists more archeological examples of: Likenesses, Buildings, Burial sites, and Biblical Events
Lesson 6 Jesus’ claims about himself. Old Testament prophecies concerning Christ
Who was Jesus?
His impact pg 24 quote
I AM statements
6:35 B____________ of l________ 8:12 L__________ of the w____________ 10:7, 9 D_________ or G__________ 10:11, 14 G_________ S____________________ 11:25 R_______________________ and the l_______ 14:6 The w_____, t__________ and the l________ 15:1,5 T__________ v__________ 8:48-59 I AM Y__________________ refers to Exodus 3:13, 14
Isaiah 45-‐48(I am or I am He)
Jesus’ claims
1) Peter claims Jesus is the Messiah(Mark 9) Jesus is not s___________ and doesn’t r__________ Peter. Peter latter claims Jesus is God (Mark 16:15-‐16)
2) Jesus makes himself e______l with God(John 5:18) 3) Jesus claims e____________ with the Father(John 10:30-‐33) 4) Jesus changed “ Thus saith the Lord” to “___ say unto you…”(Matthew 5:20, 22,26, 28) 5) Jesus claims to be able to f___________ sins(Mark 2:5-‐11) 6) Jesus claims to be the M______________(Mark 14:61-‐64) 7) Received w_______________ from Thomas (John 20:27-‐29) and a healed blind man(John 9:35-‐39) in
contrast to Peter(Acts 10:25, 26) and an angel(Rev 19:10) who refused to be w_________________.
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What backs up these claims? (If someone claims to be an expert on a subject, they usually have a degree or some experience to back up their claim). What did Jesus have to support his claim to be God?
1) Jesus’ moral character, he was s____________(1 Peter 2:22, 1 John 3:5, 2 Cor 5:21) 2) Jesus’ teaching was unusual. He taught with a____________________( Matt 7:29, Mk 1:22, Lk 4:32) 3) Jesus demonstrated power over n____________ by raising the dead(John 11) and the wind and the
waves(Mark 4:41) 4) Jesus demonstrated power over s_______________ by healing many 5) Jesus rose from the d__________ 6) Jesus’ e______________ did not question his existence or his miracles. They simply explained them
as being powered by the d__________.
In conclusion, Jesus either l_______ about who he said he was or he was a delusional l___________ thinking he was God, or he truly believed that he was who he said he was… L______.
Over 300 Messianic Prophecies Gen. 3:15.....He will bruise Satan's head.....Heb. 2:14, 1 Jn. 3:18 Gen. 9:26,27...The God of Shem will be the Son of Shem...Lu. 3:36 Gen. 12:3...As Abraham's seed,will bless all nations...Acts. 3:25,26 Gen. 12:7...The Promise made to Abraham's Seed...Gal. 3:16 Gen. 14:18...A priest after Melchizedek...Heb. 6:20 Gen. 14:18........A King also........Heb. 7:2 Gen. 14:18...The Last Supper foreshadowed...Mt. 26:26-29 Gen. 17:19.......The Seed of Isaac.......Rom. 9:7 Gen. 22:8...The Lamb of God promised...Jn. 1:29 Gen. 22:18...As Isaac's seed, will bless all nations...Gal. 3:16 Gen.26:2-5..The Seed of Isaac promised as the Redeemer..Heb.11:18 Gen. 49:10...The time of His coming...Lu. 2:1-7; Gal. 4:4 Gen. 49:10.......The Seed of Judah.......Lu. 3:33 Gen. 49:10......Called Shiloh or One Sent......Jn. 17:3 Gen. 49:10...To come before Judah lost identity...Jn. 11:47-52 Gen. 49:10...To Him shall the obedience of the people be...Jn. 10:16 Ex. 3:13,14........The Great "I Am".......Jn. 4:26 Ex. 12:5...A Lamb without blemish...1 Pet. 1:19 Ex. 12:13...The blood of the Lamb saves from wrath...Rom. 5:8 Ex. 12:21-27...Christ is our Passover...1 Cor. 5;7 Ex. 12:46...Not a bone of the Lamb to be broken...Jn. 19:31-36 Ex. 15:2...His exaltation predicted as Yeshua...Acts 7:55,56 Ex. 15:11...His Character-Holiness...Luke 1:35; Acts 4:27 Ex. 17:6...The Spiritual Rock of Israel...1 Cor. 10;4 Ex. 33:19...His Character-Merciful...Lu. 1:72
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Lev.14:11..The leper cleansed-Sign to priesthood..Lu.5:12-14; Acts 6:7 Lev.16:15-17...Prefigures Christ's once-for-all death...Heb. 9:7-14 Lev.16:27...Suffering outside the Camp...Mt. 27:33; Heb. 13:11, 12 Lev.17:11...The Blood-the life of the flesh...Mt. 26;28; Mk. 10:45 Lev.17:11...It is the blood that makes atonement...1 Jn. 3:14-18 Lev.23:36-37...The Drink-offering: "If any man thirst." ..Jn. 19:31-36 Num. 9:12...Not a bone of Him broken...John 19:31-36 Num. 21:9...The serpent on a pole-Christ lifted up...Jn. 3:14-18 Num. 24:17...Time: "I shall see him, but not now."...Gal. 4:4 Deut. 18:15..."This is of a truth that prophet."...Jn. 6:14 Deut. 18:15-16..."Had ye believed Moses, ye would believe me."...Jn. 5:45-47 Deut. 18:18...Sent by the Father to speak His word...Jn. 8:28, 29 Deut. 18:19...Whoever will not hear must bear his sin...Jn. 12:15, Deut. 21:23...Cursed is he that hangs on a tree...Gal. 3:10-13 Ruth 4:4-9...Christ, our kinsman, has redeemed us...Eph. 1:3-7 1 Sam. 2:10...Shall be an anointed King to the Lord...Mt. 28:18; Jn. 12:15 2 Sam. 7:12...David's Seed...Mt. 1:1 2 Sam. 7:14a...The Son of God... Lu. 1:32 2 Sam. 7:16...David's house established forever...Lu. 3:31; Rev. 22:16 2 Ki. 2:11...The bodily ascension to heaven illustrated...Lu. 24:51 1 Chr. 17:11...David's Seed...Mt. 1:1; 9:27 1 Chr. 17:12, 13a...To reign on David's throne forever...Lu. 1:32, 33 1 Chr. 17:13a..."I will be His Father, He...my Son."...Heb. 1:5 Job 19:23-27...The Resurrection predicted...Jn. 5:24-29 Psa. 2:1-3...The enmity of kings foreordained...Acts 4:25-28 Psa. 2:2...To own the title, Anointed (Christ)...Acts 2:36 Ps. 2:6...His Character-Holiness...Jn. 8:46; Rev. 3:7 Ps. 2:6...To own the title King...Mt. 2:2 Ps. 2:7...Declared the Beloved Son...Mt. 3;17 Psa. 2:7, 8...The Crucifixion and Resurrection intimated...Acts 13:29-33 Psa. 2:12...Life comes through faith in Him...Jn. 20:31 Psa. 8:2...The mouths of babes perfect His praise...Mt. 21:16 Psa. 8:5, 6...His humiliation and exaltation...Lu. 24:50-53; 1 Cor. 15:27 Psa. 16:10...Was not to see corruption...Acts 2:31 Psa. 16:9-11...Was to arise from the dead...Jn. 20:9 Psa. 17;15...The resurrection predicted...Lu. 24:6 Psa. 22:1...Forsaken because of sins of others...2 Cor. 5:21 Psa. 22:1...Words spoken from Calvary, "My God..." Mk. 15:34 Psa. 22:2...Darkness upon Calvary...Mt. 27:45 Psa. 22:7...They shoot out the lip and shake the head...Mt. 27:39 Psa. 22:8..He trusted in God, let Him deliver Him...Mt. 27:43
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Psa. 22:9......Born the Saviour......Lu. 2:7 Psa. 22:14...Died of a broken (ruptured)heart...Jn. 19:34 Psa. 22:14,15...Suffered agony on Calvary...Mk. 15:34-37 Psa. 22:15........He thirsted........Jn. 19:28 Psa. 22:16...They pierced His hands and His feet....Jn. 19:34,37;20:27 Psa. 22:17,18...Stripped Him before the stares of men...Lu. 23:34,35 Psa. 22:18.....They parted His garments.....Jn. 19:23,24 Psa. 22:20,21...He committed Himself to God...Lu.23:46 Psa. 22:20,21..Satanic power bruising the Redeemer's heel..Heb. 2:14 Psa. 22:22.....His Resurrection declared.....Jn. 20:17 Psa. 22:27...He shall be the governor of the nations...Col 1:16 Psa. 22:31......It is finished......Jn. 19:30 Psa. 23:1....I am the Good Shephard....Jn. 10:11 Psa. 24:3......His exaltation predicted......Acts 1:11; Phil. 2:9 Psa. 30:3......His resurrection predicted......Acts 2:32 Psa. 31:5...Into thy hands I commit my spirit...Lu. 23:46 Psa. 31:11...His acquaintances fled from Him...Mk. 14:50 Psa. 31:13...They took counsel to put Him to death...Jn. 11:53 Psa. 31:14,15...He trusted in God, let Him deliver him...Mt. 27:43 Psa. 34:20.....Not a bone of Him broken.....Jn 19:31-36 Psa. 35:11....False witnesses rose up against Him....Mt. 26:59 Psa. 35:19...He was hated without a cause...Jn. 15:25 Psa. 38:11.....His friends stood afar off.....Lu. 23:49 Psa. 40:2-5...The joy of His resurrection predicted...Jn. 20:20 Psa. 40:6-8....His delight-the will of the Father....Jn. 4:34 Psa. 40:9....He was to preach the Righteousness in Israel....Mt. 4:17 Psa. 40:14...Confronted by adversaries in the Garden...Jn. 18:4-6 Psa. 41:9.....Betrayed by a familiar friend.....Jn. 13:18 Psa. 45:2...Words of Grace come from His lips...Lu. 4:22 Psa. 45:6...To own the title, God or Elohim...Heb. 1:8 Psa. 45:7...A special anointing by the Holy Spirit...Mt.3:16; Heb.1:9 Psa. 45:7,8...Called the Christ (Messiah or Anointed)...Lu. 2:11 Psa. 55:12-14...Betrayed by a friend, not an enemy...Jn. 13:18 Psa. 55:15...Unrepentant death of the Betrayer...Mt. 27:3-5; Acts 1:16-19 Psa. 68:18...To give gifts to men...Eph. 4:7-16 Psa. 68:18...Ascended into Heaven...Lu. 24:51 Psa. 69:4...Hated without a cause...Jn. 15:25 Psa. 69:8...A stranger to own brethren...Lu. 8;20,21 Psa. 69:9...Zealous for the Lord's House...Jn. 2:17 Psa. 69:14-20...Messiah's anguish of soul before crucifixion...Mt. 26:36-45 Psa. 69:20...My soul is exceeding sorrowful...Mt. 26:38
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Psa. 69:21...Given vinegar in thirst...Mt. 27:34 Psa. 69:26...The Saviour given and smitten by God...Jn. 17:4; 18:11 Psa. 72:10,11...Great persons were to visit Him...Mt. 2:1-11 Psa. 72:16...The corn of wheat to fall into the Ground...Jn. 12:24 Psa. 72:17...His name, Yinon, will produce offspring...Jn. 1:12,13 Psa. 72:17...All nations shall be blessed by Him...Acts 2:11,12,41 Psa. 78:1.2...He would teach in parables...Mt. 13:34-35 Psa. 78:2b...To speak the Wisdom of God with authority...Mt. 7:29 Psa. 88:8...They stood afar off and watched...Lu. 23:49 Psa. 89:27...Emmanuel to be higher than earthly kings...Lu. 1:32,33 Psa. 89:35-37...David's Seed, throne, kingdom endure forever...Lu. 1:32,33 Psa. 89:36-37...His character-Faithfulness...Rev. 1:5 Psa. 90:2...He is from everlasting (Micah 5:2)...Jn. 1:1 Psa. 91:11,12...Identified as Messianic; used to tempt Christ...Lu. 4;10,11 Psa. 97:9...His exaltation predicted...Acts 1:11;Eph. 1:20 Psa. 100:5...His character-Goodness...Mt. 19:16,17 Psa. 102:1-11...The Suffering and Reproach of Calvary...Jn. 21:16-30 Psa. 102:25-27...Messiah is the Preexistent Son...Heb. 1:10-12 Psa. 109:25...Ridiculed...Mt. 27:39 Psa. 110:1...Son of David...Mt. 22:43 Psa. 110:1...To ascend to the right-hand of the Father...Mk.16:19 Psa. 110:1...David's son called Lord...Mt. 22:44,45 Psa. 110:4...A priest after Melchizedek's order...Heb. 6:20 Psa. 112:4...His character-Compassionate, Gracious, et al... Mt. 9;36 Psa. 118:17,18...Messiah's Resurrection assured...Lu. 24:5-7;1 Cor. 15:20 Psa. 118:22,23...The rejected stone is Head of the corner...Mt. 21:42,43 Psa. 118:26a...The Blessed One presented to Israel...Mt. 21:9 Psa. 118:26b...To come while Temple standing...Mt. 21;12-15 Psa. 132:11...The Seed of David(the fruit of His Body)...Lu. 1:32 Psa. 138:1-6...The supremacy of David's Seed amazes kings... Mt. 2:2-6 Psa. 147:3,6...The earthly ministry of Christ described...Lu. 4:18 Psa. 1:23...He will send the Spirit of God... Jn. 16;7 Song. 5;16...The altogether lovely One...Jn. 1:17 Isa. 6:1...When Isaiah saw His glory... Jn. 12:40-41 Isa. 6:9-10...Parables fall on deaf ears...Mt. 13:13-15 Isa. 6:9-12...Blinded to Christ and deaf to His words...Acts. 28:23-29 Isa. 7:14...To be born of a virgin...Lu. 1:35 Isa. 7:14...To be Emmanuel-God with us... Mt. 1:18-23 Isa. 8:8...Called Emmanuel...Mt. 28:20 Isa. 8:14...A stone of stumbling, a Rock of offense... 1 Pet. 2:8 Isa. 9:1,2...His ministry to begin in Galilee...Mt. 4:12-17
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Isa. 9:6...A child born-Humanity...Lu. 1:31 Isa. 9:6...A Son given-Deity...Lu. 1:32; Jn. 1;14; 1 Tim. 3:16 Isa. 9:6...Declared to be the Son of God with power... Rom. 1:3,4 Isa. 9:6...The Wonderful One, Peleh...Lu. 4:22 Isa. 9:6...The Counsellor, Yaatz...Mt. 13:54 Isa. 9:6...The Mighty God, El Gibor...Mt. 11:20 Isa. 9:6...The Everlasting Father, Avi Adth...Jn. 8:58 Isa. 9:6...The Prince of Peace, Sar Shalom...Jn . 16:33 Isa. 9:7...To establish an everlasting kingdom...Lu. 1:32-33 Isa. 9:7...His Character-Just...Jn. 5:30 Isa. 9:7...No end to his Government, Throne, and Peace...Lu. 1:32-33 Isa. 11:1...Called a Nazarene-the Branch, Netzer...Mt. 2:23 Isa. 11:1...A rod out of Jesse-Son of Jesse...Lu. 3:23,32 Isa. 11:2...The anointed One by the Spirit...Mt. 3;16,17 Isa. 11:2...His Character-Wisdom, Understanding, et al....Jn. 4:4-26 Isa. 11:4...His Character-Truth...Jn. 14:6 Isa. 11:10...The Gentiles seek Him...Jn. 12:18-21 Isa. 12:2...Called Jesus-Yeshua...Mt. 1:21 Isa. 25:8...The Resurrection predicted...I Cor. 15:54 Isa. 26:19...His power of Resurrection predicted...Jn. 11:43,44 Isa. 28:16...The Messiah is the precious corner stone...Acts 4:11,12 Isa. 29:13...He indicated hypocritical obedience to His Word...Mt. 15:7-9 Isa. 29:14...The wise are confounded by the Word...I Cor. 1:18-31 Isa. 32:2...A Refuge-A man shall be a hiding place...Mt. 23:37 Isa. 35:4...He will come and save you...Mt. 1:21 Isa. 35:5...To have a ministry of miracles...Mt. 11:4-6 Isa. 40:3,4...Preceded by forerunner...Jn. 1:23 Isa. 40:9..."Behold your God."...Jn. 1:36;19:14 Isa. 40:11...A shepherd-compassionatelife-giver...Jn. 10:10-18 Isa. 42:1-4...The Servant-as a faithful, patient redeemer... Mt.12:18-21 Isa. 42:2...Meek and lowly... Mt. 11:28-30 Isa. 42:3...He brings hope for the hopeless... Jn. 4 Isa. 42:4...The nations shall wait on His teachings... Jn. 12:20-26 Isa. 42:6...The Light (salvation) of the Gentiles...Lu. 2:32 Isa. 42:1,6...His is a Worldwide compassion... Mt. 28:19,20 Isa. 42:7...Blind eyes opened... Jn. 9:25-38 Isa. 43:11...He is the only Saviour... Acts. 4:12 Isa. 44:3...He will send the Spirit of God... Jn. 16:7,13 Isa. 45:23...He will be the Judge... Jn. 5:22;Rom. 14:11 Isa. 48:12...The First and the Last...Jn. 1:30;Rev. 1:8,17 Isa. 48:17...He came as a Teacher...Jn. 3:2
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Isa. 49:1...Called from the womb-His humanity...Mt. 1:18 Isa. 49:5...A Servant from the womb...Lu. 1:31;Phil. 2:7 Isa. 49:6...He is Salvation for Israel...Lu. 2:29-32 Isa. 49:6...He is the Light of the Gentiles...Acts 13:47 Isa. 49:6...He is Salvation unto the ends of the earth... Acts 15:7-18 Isa. 49:7...He is despised of the Nation... Jn. 8:48-49 Isa. 50:3...Heaven is clothed in black at His humiliation... Lu. 23:44,45 Isa. 50:4...He is a learned counsellor for the weary... Mt. 11:28,29 Isa. 50:5...The Servant bound willingly to obedience... Mt. 26:39 Isa. 50:6a..."I gave my back to the smiters."... Mt. 27:26 Isa. 50:6b...He was smitten on the cheeks... Mt. 26:67 Isa. 50:6c...He was spat upon... Mt. 27:30 Isa. 52:7...To publish good tidings of peace... Lu. 4:14,15 Isa. 52:13...The Servant exalted...Acts 1:8-11; Eph. 1:19-22 Isa. 52:13...Behold, My Servant... Mt. 17:5; Phil. 2:5-8 Isa. 52:14...The Servant shockingly abused... Lu. 18:31-34; Mt. 26:67,68 Isa. 52:15...Nations startled by message of the Servant... Rom. 15:18-21 Isa. 52:15...His blood shed to make atonement for all... Rev. 1:5 Isa. 53:1...His people would not believe Him... Jn. 12:37-38 Isa. 53:2a...He would grow up in a poor family.... Lu. 2:7 Isa. 53:2b...Appearance of an ordinary man... Phil. 2:7-8 Isa. 53:3a...Despised.... Lu. 4:28-29 Isa. 53:3b...Rejected... Mt. 27:21-23 Isa. 53:3c...Great sorrow and grief... Lu. 19:41-42 Isa. 53:3d...Men hide from being associated with Him... Mk. 14:50-52 Isa. 53:4a...He would have a healing ministry... Lu. 6:17-19 Isa. 53:4b...He would bear the sins of the world... 1 Pet. 2:24 Isa. 53:4c...Thought to be cursed by God... Mt. 27:41-43 Isa. 53:5a...Bears penalty for mankind's transgressions... Lu. 23:33 Isa. 53:5b...His sacrifice would provide peace between man and God... Col. 1:20 Isa. 53:5c...His back would be whipped... Mt. 27:26 Isa. 53:6a...He would be the sin-bearer for all mankind...Gal. 1:4 Isa. 53:6b...God's will that He bear sin for all mankind... 1 Jn. 4:10 Isa. 53:7a...Oppressed and afflicted... Mt. 27:27-31 Isa. 53:7b...Silent before his accusers... Mt. 27:12-14 Isa. 53:7c...Sacrificial lamb... Jn. 1:29 Isa. 53:8a...Confined and persecuted... Mt. 26:47-27:31 Isa. 53:8b...He would be judged... Jn. 18:13-22 Isa. 53:8c...Killed.... Mt. 27:35 Isa. 53:8d...Dies for the sins of the world... 1 Jn. 2:2 Isa. 53:9a...Buried in a rich man's grave... Mt. 27:57
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Isa. 53:9b...Innocent and had done no violence... Mk. 15:3 Isa. 53:9c...No deceit in his mouth... Jn. 18:38 Isa. 53:10a...God's will that He die for mankind... Jn. 18:11 Isa. 53:10b...An offering for sin... Mt. 20:28 Isa. 53:10c...Resurrected and live forever.... Mk. 16:16 Isa. 53:10d...He would prosper... Jn. 17:1-5 Isa. 53:11a...God fully satisfied with His suffering... Jn. 12:27 Isa. 53:11b...God's servant... Rom. 5:18-19 Isa. 53:11c...He would justify man before God... Rom. 5:8-9 Isa. 53:11d...The sin-bearer for all mankind... Heb. 9:28 Isa. 53:12a...Exalted by God because of his sacrifice... Mt. 28:18 Isa. 53:12b...He would give up his life to save mankind... Lu. 23:46 Isa. 53:12c...Grouped with criminals... Lu. 23:32 Isa. 53:12d...Sin-bearer for all mankind... 2 Cor. 5:21 Isa. 53:12e...Intercede to God in behalf of mankind... Lu. 23:34 Isa. 55:3...Resurrected by God... Acts 13:34 Isa. 55:4...A witness... Jn. 18:37 Isa. 59:15-16a...He would come to provide salvation... Jn. 6:40 Isa. 59:15-16b...Intercessor between man and God... Mt. 10:32 Isa. 59:20...He would come to Zion as their Redeemer... Lu. 2:38 Isa. 61:1-2a...The Spirit of God upon him... Mt. 3:16-17 Isa. 61:1-2b...The Messiah would preach the good news... Lu. 4:17-21 Isa. 61:1-2c...Provide freedom from the bondage of sin and death... Jn. 8:31-32 Isa. 61:1-2...Proclaim a period of grace... Jn. 5:24 Jer.23:5-6a...Descendant of David...Lu. 3:23-31 Jer. 23:5-6b...The Messiah would be God... Jn. 13:13 Jer. 23:5-6c...The Messiah would be both God and Man... 1 Tim. 3:16 Jer. 31:22...Born of a virgin... Mt. 1:18-20 Jer. 31:31...The Messiah would be the new covenant... Mt. 26:28 Jer. 33:14-15...Descendant of David... Lu. 3:23-31 Eze.17:22-24...Descendant of David... Lk. 3:23-31 Eze.34:23-24...Descendant of David... Mt. 1:1 Dan. 7:13-14a...He would ascend into heaven... Acts 1:9-11 Dan. 7:13-14b...Highly exalted... Eph. 1:20-22 Dan. 7:13-14c...His dominion would be everlasting... Lu. 1:31-33 Dan. 9:24a...To make an end to sins... Gal. 1:3-5 Dan. 9:24b...He would be holy... Lu. 1:35 Dan. 9:25...Announced to his people 483 years, to the exact day, after the decree to rebuild the city of Jerusalem... Jn. 12:12-13 Dan. 9:26a...Killed... Mt. 27:35 Dan. 9:26b...Die for the sins of the world... Heb. 2:9
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Dan. 9:26c...Killed before the destruction of the temple... Mt. 27:50-51 Dan. 10:5-6...Messiah in a glorified state... Rev. 1:13-16 Hos. 13:14...He would defeat death... 1 Cor. 15:55-57 Joel 2:32...Offer salvation to all mankind... Rom. 10:12-13 Mic. 5:2a...Born in Bethlehem... Mt. 2:1-2 Mic. 5:2b...God's servant... Jn. 15:10 Mic. 5:2c...From everlasting... Jn. 8:58 Hag. 2:6-9...He would visit the second Temple... Lu. 2:27-32 Hag. 2:23...Descendant of Zerubbabel... Lu. 3:23-27 Zech. 3:8...God's servant... Jn. 17:4 Zech. 6:12-13...Priest and King... Heb. 8:1 Zech. 9:9a...Greeted with rejoicing in Jerusalem... Mt. 21:8-10 Zech. 9:9b...Beheld as King... Jn. 12:12-13 Zech. 9:9c...The Messiah would be just... Jn. 5:30 Zech. 9:9d...The Messiah would bring salvation... Luke 19:10 Zech. 9:9e...The Messiah would be humble... Mt. 11:29 Zech. 9:9f...Presented to Jerusalem riding on a donkey... Mt. 21:6-9 Zech. 10:4...The cornerstone... Eph. 2:20 Zech. 11:4-6a...At His coming, Israel to have unfit leaders... Mt. 23:1-4 Zech. 11:4-6b...Rejection causes God to remove His protection.. Lu. 19:41-44 Zech. 11:4-6c...Rejected in favor of another king... Jn. 19:13-15 Zech. 11:7...Ministry to "poor," the believing remnant... Mt. 9:35-36 Zech. 11:8a...Unbelief forces Messiah to reject them... Mt. 23:33 Zech. 11:8b...Despised... Mt. 27:20 Zech. 11:9...Stops ministering to the those who rejected Him... Mt. 13:10-11 Zech. 11:10-11a...Rejection causes God to remove protection... Lu. 19:41-44 Zech. 11:10-11b...The Messiah would be God... Jn. 14:7 Zech. 11:12-13a...Betrayed for thirty pieces of silver... Mt. 26:14-15 Zech. 11:12-13b...Rejected... Mt. 26:14-15 Zech. 11:12-13c...Thirty pieces of silver thrown into the house of the Lord. Mt. 27:3-5 Zech. 11:12-13d...The Messiah would be God... Jn. 12:45 Zech. 12:10a...The Messiah's body would be pierced... Jn. 19:34-37 Zech. 12:10b...The Messiah would be both God and man... Jn. 10:30 Zech. 12:10c...The Messiah would be rejected... Jn. 1:11 Zech. 13:7a...God's will He die for mankind... Jn. 18:11 Zech. 13:7b...A violent death... Mt. 27:35 Zech. 13:7c...Both God and man.. Jn. 14:9 Zech. 13:7d...Israel scattered as a result of rejecting Him... Mt. 26:31-56 Mal. 3:1a...Messenger to prepare the way for Messiah... Mt. 11:10 Mal. 3:1b...Sudden appearance at the temple... Mk. 11:15-16 Mal. 3:1c...Messenger of the new covenant... Lu. 4:43
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Mal. 4:5...Forerunner in the spirit of Elijah... Mt. 3:1-2 Mal. 4:6...Forerunner would turn many to righteousness... Lu. 1:16-17
THE PROPHECY OF ISRAEL'S SEVENTY WEEKS DANIEL 9:24-‐27 1 2 3 4 5 6 WHICH OF THESE DID JESUS NOT FULFILL AT HIS FIRST COMING? WHEN WILL THE INCOMPLETED PROPHECY OCCUR? JERUSALEM REBUILT 7 WEEKS(_____ YEARS)
62 WEEKS(________ YEARS)
TRIBULATION
CHURCH DECREE AGE
______BC 69 WEEKS(________ YEARS)
70TH WEEK
THE DECREE TO REBUILD JERUSALEM BY MESSIAH ARTEXERXES WAS IN 457BC COMES & IS CUT OFF 457 -‐ ________ = _______ AD JERUSALEM JESUS BORN IN 4 BC DESTROYED HOW OLD WAS HE WHEN HE BEGAN HIS MINISTRY? DATE______AD 4 BC + _____ = ________AD
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Psalm 22(17), 69(7), Isaiah 53(38), Zechariah 11(13) – in class groups to find number of prophecies in each chapter.
Lesson 7 Evidence for the resurrection of Christ, Denominations and gray areas
Evidence for the Resurrection
Importance of Resurrection, Paul said if Christ is not raised your faith is in vain. Mohammed’s, Buddha’s, Abraham’s grave in contrast to Jesus’ empty tomb, None of these leaders claimed they would rise from the dead and that they were God. Jesus Christ claimed both. Why is the resurrection important?
Importance of Resurrection: 1 Corinthians 15:14-‐19.
Mohammed’s, Buddha’s, Abraham’s grave in different than Jesus’. His is an e__________ tomb! None of these leaders claimed they would rise from the dead and that they were God. Jesus Christ claimed both! The Evidence of the Resurrection
1. Biographical evidence-‐ w________________ evidence …bible, Josephus, Tacitus 2. Jesus’ testimony-‐ his e_________ predictions, in all 4 gospels 3. Central proclamation of the Church -‐ ____ of 27 NT books, all apostle c_________ include
it, it is never debated or q_________________ 4. The transformation of the d__________________
a. T__________ before b. their deaths
i. Peter-‐crucified u_________ d_________ ii. Andrew-‐crucified iii. James the greater-‐b_________________ iv. John-‐died in e______ v. Thomas-‐s________________
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vi. Bartholomew-‐crucified vii. Jude-‐crucified viii. James, the less-‐s_____________ ix. Philip-‐crucified x. Matthew-‐b____________ alive xi. Simon the Zealot-‐crucified xii. Matthias-‐stoned and b_________________ xiii. Conclusion????
c. P________ (like Hitler becoming a Jew, or Reagan becoming a Communist, or Churchill becoming a Nazi)
5. Change of Saturday to S______________ worship 6. B_________________ and its meaning 7. Lack of refutation by Jesus’ e______________ 8. No adequate t_______________ to explain away the event
a. The e____________ stole the body b. The d____________ stole the body c. He never d_______, but escaped(swoon theory) d. Everyone went to the w___________ tomb(angels, women, disciples) e. Post resurrection appearances were h______________-‐ who saw Jesus afterwards?
i. __________________________________________________________ ii. __________________________________________________________ iii. __________________________________________________________ iv. ___________________________________________________________ v. ___________________________________________________________ vi. ___________________________________________________________ vii. ___________________________________________________________ viii. ___________________________________________________________ ix. ___________________________________________________________ x. ___________________________________________________________
1 Corinthians 15:5-‐8, Matthew 28:9, Mark 16:9-‐14, Luke 24:13…, John 20, 21
Evidence of Jesus from non-‐biblical sources, chp 5, historicity of Jesus,
Denominations and Gray Areas
Why so many Christian denominations? Was the Reformation, the Protestant split good for the church? All have the basics. Why is Mormonism not a denomination of Christianity? What about Seventh Day Adventists? Mountains (who is J_________? How am I s________?) vs. mole hills(gray areas)
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Gray areas: Is it okay for a Christian to watch and read about Harry Potter(sorcery)? To smoke? To watch R rated movies? To dance? Girls have to wear dresses? Drinking alcohol? Listening to rock music? Gray areas: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tests: a) Is it B______________________? b) Does it G_____________ God? c) Are O___________ helped or harmed? d) Can you proceed without d_____________? B________________? G_____________ God? 1 Corinthians 10:23-‐33 O________________ helped? D_______________, can you proceed without it? Romans 14 Final thought…Love vs. knowledge -‐ John 13:34-‐35. By this will all men know that you are my disciples, if you have l____ for one another. Romans 2:4 The k______________ of God leads us to repentance.