- 1. By DR. ANIRUDDHA G. BANHATTI Associate Professor T.S.S.M.s
Bhivrabai Sawant College of Engineering and Research VIDEO
CONFERENCE on Architectural Planning and Design of Buildings for
S.E. Civil 5th March 2014 1
2. Civil Engineering It is the oldest branch of Engineering It
came into existence since humans started living in caves. The first
invention in civil engineering was something with which one can see
through a wall. It is called a window 2 3. Planning of Buildings
There are 14 principles of planning as listed below: Aspect
Prospect Orientation Privacy Circulation Grouping Roominess 3 4.
Principles of Planning Furniture Requirements Sanitation Elegance
Economy Access Architectural composition Climate and its Effect 4
5. Aspect:Arrangement of windows in external walls 5 6. Prospect:
Desirable and undesirable views 6 7. Orientation 7 8. Privacy
External : Isolation from surrounding buildings Avoiding noise,
dust and pollution from surroundings Raised sill height of w.c. and
bath Compound wall Growing trees around the house 8 9. Privacy
Internal : Prevention of direct view of one room from another
Staggering of doors Use of screens Proper furniture arrangement 9
10. Circulation Horizontal : On the same floor 10 11. Circulation
Vertical : Between the floors 11 12. Grouping Rooms of similar
function together More important in Public Buildings Staircase or
lift approachable from each room Kitchen w.c. and bath grouped for
easy plumbing and watersupply 12 13. Roominess 13 14. Roominess :
Chimney Effect 14 15. Roominess :Tunnel Effect 15 16. Furniture
Requirements 16 17. Sanitation 17 18. Elegance 18 19. Economy
Planning should avoid all type of wastage Wastage of space
Judicious use of space Architectural aesthetics for space 19 20.
Access 20 21. Architectural composition : Unity 21 22.
Architectural composition :Contrast 22 23. Architectural
Composition :Scale 23 24. Architectural composition : Proportion 24
25. Mass Composition 25 26. Architectural composition : Form and
Function 26 27. Climate and Its Effect Window openings Type of roof
Sunbreakers and chajjas External finish, paint and color 27 28.
Noise and Acoustics Qualities of sound Noise Comfort level of noise
Intensity and Loudness Frequency or Pitch Timbre or Quality 28 29.
Measurement of Sound L = K log I1 / I0 Measured in decibels (dB) If
L = 1 dB then I1 / I0 = 1.26 Difference in intensities 100 times
Loudness 20dB Difference in intensities 1000 times Loudness 30dB
Thus the scale of loudness is built 29 30. Sound Insulation For
avoiding indoor and outdoor noise Wall insulation Floor insulation
Cavity walls Floating floors Use of sound absorbing materials
Linoleum, Cork, Carpets etc. 30 31. Sound Absorbent Materials
Porous absorbents Resonant panels Cavity resonators Composite type
absorbents 31 32. Acoustical Defects Echoes Reverberation Sound
foci Dead spots Insufficient loudness Intrusion of noise from
outside 32 33. Reverberation time Calculated by Sabines formula
Excellent : 0.5 to 1.5 sec Good : 1.5 to 2 sec Fairly good : 2 to 3
sec Bad : 3 to 5 sec Very bad Above 5 sec 33 34. Theatre : Fan
shaped plan 34 35. Theatre : Splayed Ceiling 35 36. Sound and Music
Studios : Hinged Panels on Shutters 36 37. Building Services
Electrical services Telecommunication services Entertainment
services Ventilation and Lighting Air-conditioning and heating
Lifts and escalators Emergency escape stairs Fire fighting
arrangements 37 38. Rain Water Harvesting 38 39. Large Scale System
39 40. New Innovations : Rainpod 40 41. Building Bye-laws
Definitions Floor Area Ratio = Total area on all floors / Plot area
Areas Excluded : projections < 0.75m Canopies 5x2.5m in
cantilever fashion Balconies with certain specifications Parking
lock up garages or stilt floor parking 41 42. Excluded areas from
FAR Electric cabin / sub station, watchmans cabin of max 1.6 sq.m.
pump house, garage shaft, fire hydrants, electrical fittings, water
tanks Staircase room, lift room above top floor, architectural
features, chimneys Well, plant nursery, water pool, uncovered
swimming pool. Platform round atree, fountain, bench, ramps,
compound wall, overhead tank 42 43. Individuals voice is
characterized by Timber Pitch Intensity loudness 43 44. Individuals
voice is characterized by Timber Pitch Intensity loudness 44 45.
Find good sound absorber Metal Open door Water body Carpet 45 46.
Find good sound absorber Metal Open door Water body Carpet 46 47.
100000 times difference in intensities will create loudness of 30
dB 100 dB Log 10 dB 50dB 47 48. 100000 times difference in
intensities will create loudness of 30 dB 100 dB Log 10 dB 50 dB 48
49. Climate of Mumbai is Hot and arid Humid and hot Salty and windy
Coastal and cold 49 50. Climate of Mumbai is Hot and arid Humid and
hot Salty and windy Coastal and cold 50 51. Climate of Pune is Hot
and humid Temperate and arid Cold and pleasant Arid and dry 51 52.
Climate of Pune is Hot and humid Temperate and arid Cold and
pleasant Arid and dry 52 53. A theater should have Dome shaped
ceiling Hanging ceiling Rough wooden ceiling Splayed ceiling 53 54.
A theater should have Dome shaped ceiling Hanging ceiling Rough
wooden ceiling Splayed ceiling 54 55. Sound foci is a Desirable
feature for music room Desirable feature for bed room Desirable
feature for auditorium None of the above 55 56. Sound foci is a
Desirable feature for music room Desirable feature for bed room
Desirable feature for auditorium None of the above 56 57. Lifts in
malls should carry 12 to 20 persons 20 to 30 persons 5 to 8 persons
8 to 10 persons 57 58. Lifts in malls should carry 12 to 20 persons
20 to 30 persons 5 to 8 persons 8 to 10 persons 58 59. Car speed of
mall lifts should not exceed 5m/s 1m/s 7m/s 2.5m/s 59 60. Car speed
of mall lifts should not exceed 5m/s 1m/s 7m/s 2.5m/s 60 61. One
point perspective is used for Brochures Railway lines Interior
decoration Panoramic view 61 62. One point perspective is used for
Brochures Railway lines Interior decoration Panoramic view 62 63.
Three point perspective is common for Axonometric view Symmetrical
view Detailed terrace view Exploded view 63 64. Three point
perspective is common for Axonometric view Symmetrical view
Detailed terrace view Exploded view 64 65. Dead spots are points
where Sound is heard louder Sound is inaudible Pitch changes Wave
front of sound faces a barrier 65 66. Dead spots are points where
Sound is heard louder Sound is inaudible Pitch changes Wave front
of sound faces a barrier 66 67. Sound insulation is important for
Hospital School Residential house Music studio 67 68. Sound
insulation is important for Hospital School Residential house Music
studio 68 69. Ramp is essential at entrance of Five star hotel
Kindergarten School Hospital 69 70. Ramp is essential at entrance
of Five star hotel Kindergarten School Hospital 70 71. Automatic
car leveling is must for Car service centre Hospital Poolside Weigh
bridge for vehicles 71 72. Automatic car leveling is must for Car
service centre Hospital Poolside Weigh bridge for vehicles 72 73.
Additional persons allowed in a stretcher lift are 1 3 2 5 73 74.
Additional persons allowed in a stretcher lift are 1 3 2 5 74 75.
Staircase width for public building is 1.6 to 1.9m 1 to 1.5m 1.2 to
1.5m None of the above 75 76. Staircase width for public building
is 1.8 to 2m 1 to 1.5m 1.2 to 1.5m None of the above 76 77. Winders
should be Avoided on staircase Provided on pipes Provided at
corners Provided for curved roof gutters 77 78. Winders should be
Avoided on staircase Provided on pipes Provided at corners Provided
for curved roof gutters 78 79. Two point perspective is similar to
A photograph Isometric view Axonometric view None of the above 79
80. Two point perspective is similar to A photograph Isometric view
Axonometric view None of the above 80 81. Tunel effect is due to
Lack of ventilation Too much length of a room Defect in vision None
of the above 81 82. Tunel effect is due to Lack of ventilation Too
much length of a room Defect in vision None of the above 82 83.
Chimney effect relates to A factory building Roominess Insufficient
ventilation None of the above 83 84. Chimney effect relates to A
factory building Roominess Insufficient ventilation None of the
above 84 85. North on a drawing is shown for Feng shui
considerations Good vastu Plane table alignment Correct orientation
during line out 85 86. North on a drawing is shown for Feng shui
considerations Good vastu Plane table alignment Correct orientation
during line out 86 87. Theatre olan should be Circular Fern shaped
Rectangular None of these 87 88. Theatre olan should be Circular
Fern shaped Rectangular None of these 88 89. Surfaces near sound
source in a theatre should be Rough and absorbent Clad with cork
Having grooves Smooth, hard and polished 89 90. Surfaces near sound
source in a theatre should be Rough and absorbent Clad with cork
Having grooves Smooth, hard and polished 90 91. To increase sound
absorption Windows should be open Heavy curtains should be provided
Walls should be smooth None of the above 91 92. To increase sound
absorption Windows should be open Heavy curtains should be provided
Walls should be smooth None of the above 92 93. Perforated boards
covering walls Increase sound absorption Provide scattered light
Increase echoes Make interference in sound 93 94. Perforated boards
covering walls Increase sound absorption Provide scattered light
Increase echoes Make interference in sound 94 95. Riser in stairs
shall be 150 to 300 mm 200 to 300 mm 300 to 450 mm None of the
above 95 96. Riser in stairs shall be 150 to 300 mm 200 to 300 mm
300 to 450 mm None of the above 96 97. In public building riser is
> in residential building Twice high than in residential
building Equal to tread < in residential building 97 98. In
public building riser is > in residential building Twice high
than in residential building Equal to tread < in residential
building 98 99. Tread dimension in staircase is at least 300 mm 400
mm 450 mm 500 mm 99 100. Tread dimension in staircase is at least
300 mm 400 mm 450 mm 500 mm 100 101. Tread wider than minimum
dimension is Not allowed Allowed with some fine paid Allowed Must
be covered with carpet 101 102. Tread wider than minimum dimension
is Not allowed Allowed with some fine paid Allowed Must be covered
with carpet 102 103. Angle of inclination for escalators is 30
degrees 40 degrees 10 degrees Depends on height between floors 103
104. Angle of inclination for escalators is 30 degrees 40 degrees
10 degrees Depends on height between floors 104 105. Escalators can
bbe stopped in case of emergency By the control room operator From
main switch board With a lever at the top By pressing a button near
the bottom 105 106. Escalators can bbe stopped in case of emergency
By the control room operator From main switch board With a lever at
the top By pressing a button near the bottom 106 107. In escalators
rise is not more than 30 cm 20 cm 40 cm 25 cm 107 108. In
escalators rise is not more than 30 cm 20 cm 40 cm 25 cm 108 109.
Coming Challenges Design of Green buildings Ecosystem preservation
Renewable energy Self sufficient homes from garbage disposal to
water supply and all such facilities 109 110. In case of problems
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111. THANKYOU ANY QUESTIONS? 111
