Anion GapSodium - (chloride + bicarbonate)
• Normal Anion Gap– Hyperchloremic acidosis– GI or renal Loss of
bicarbonate– Impaired renal acid
secretion– Reabsorption of Chloride– Examples:
• Diarrhea• Renal Tubular Acidosis• Carbonic Anhydrase
Inhibition
• High Anion Gap– Acid retention– Examples:
• Lactic Acidosis: most common
• Ketoacidosis• Advanced Renal Failure• Drug and Toxin Induced