C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the arm
Anterior Posterior
(musculocutaneous nerve) (radial nerve)
tricepsbrachii
anconeus
brachialis
coracobrachialisbiceps brachii
lateral headlong head
medial head
short headlong head
name meaning body part layer / location origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
biceps brachii biceps of the arm arm anterior, superficial
long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula (through sleeve of synovial tissue in
intertubercular /bicipital groove of humerus, short head: coracoid process, joins long head midway down arm
via common tendon into the bicipical tuberosity of radius. Medial side:
via bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia of medial forearm and subcutaneous border of ulna
musculocutaneous brachial artery
supinator of forearm when elbow is flexed, flexes elbow in fully supinated position.
Shoulder: stabilises and minor flexion
brachialis muscle of the arm armanterior, intermediat
e
distal half of anterior humeral shaft and medial intermuscular
septum
via strong tendon into coronoid process of
ulnamusculocutaneous radial recurrent
artery flexor of elbow
coracobrachialis muscle of the arm and coracoid process arm anterior,
deep
tip of coracoid process of scapula (with short head of biceps)
medial aspect midshaft of humerus musculocutaneous brachial artery
adducts shoulder (to hold things under arm), weak flexor of shoulder
joint
triceps brachii muscle of arm with three heads arm
posterior, single muscle
long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lateral and medial head: posterior surface of humerus, medial head in lateral groove
tendon to olecranon process of ulna radial nerve deep brachial
artery extends elbow
anconeous muscle attached to elbow
forearm / arm
posterior, superficial
posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of
humeruslateral side of olecranon radial nerve assists extension of
elbow
C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the forearm (anterior side)
Superficial and intermediate layer
(all median nerve but FCU which is ulnar nerve)
flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
flexor digitorum superficials (FDS)
ulnarhead
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
brachioradials(see post. forearm,radial nerve)
head of ulna:
trochlearnotch
coracoid process of ulna
olecranon
name meaning body partlayer /
locationorigin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
pronator teres cylindrical pronator forearm anterior, superficial
CFO and distal part of the supradcondylar
ridge of humerus, deep: medial aspect of
coronoid process of
ulna
maximum convexity of radius at midpoint of lateral aspect of bone (I.e. halfway along forearm, midshaft, roughening of lateral
surface)
median nerveulnar and radial
arterypronates the forearm, (also flexes elbow)
flexor carpi radialisflexor of carpal
bones on radial side forearm anterior, superficial CFO
bases of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
median nerve ulnar artery
with FCU to flex wrist, with radial extensors to abduct the wrist, stabilises wrist
palmaris longus long palmar muscle forearm anterior, superficial CFO
palmar aponeurosis, superficial tendon adherent to flexor retinaculum
median nerve ulnar artery tenses palmar fascia and flexes the wrist
flexor carpi ulnarisflexor of carpal bones on ulnar side forearm anterior,
superficial
CFO and medial margin of olecranon process of
ulna
pisiform (=sesamoid bone in its tendon!) with extension to hook of hamate (pisohamate ligament) and base of 5th metacarpal (pisometacarpal
ligament), and aspect of flexor retinaculum
ulnar nerve ulnar artery adducts and flexes the wrist
flexor digitorum
superficialis
superficial flexor of fingers forearm
anterior, intermediat
e
humeral head: ant aspect of medial epicondyle of humerus via CFO, ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna, also: extended origin from
radius
4 tendons through carpal tunnel for fingers 25. Tendon inserts at base of
middle phalanx. Decussation on lateral and medial aspects of proximal phalanges for FDP tendons to pass
through
median nerve ulnar artery
strong flexor of wrist and fingers (not distal interphalangeal joint), weak flexor of elbow
(palmaris longus not drawn)
MEDLAT
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C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the forearm (anterior side 2)
Deep layer
(all median nerve but FDP, which is 1/2 ulnar nerve)
pronator quadratus
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)flexor pollicis
longus
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C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the forearm (posterior side)
Superficial layerbrachioradialis
MED LAT MED LAT
extensor carpi radialislongus (ECRl)
extensor carpi radialisbrevis (ECRb)
(radial nerve)
(All post. interosseous branch of radial nerve, except brachioradialis which is radial nerve proper.)
Extensor carpiulnaris (ECU)
Extensor digitiminimi (EDM)
Extensor digitorumcommunis (EDC)
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(all me)
C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the forearm (posterior side 2)
Deep layer
supinator
MED LAT
abductor pollicis longus
extensor indicis
(All post. interosseous branch of radial nerve)
extensor pollicislongus
extensor pollicis brevis
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C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the hand (palmar/anterior side)
dorsal expansion:
dorsal interossei (DAB = abduct, bipennate)
FDP tendon
lumbricals (ulnar one nearly always multipennate, others unipennate, depends on which nerve supplies them!
palmar interossei (PAD=adduct, unipennate)
EDC
(all me)
C. Riedinger An easy way to learn musclesC. Riedinger An easy way to learn muscles
Muscles of the hand (palmar/anterior side, eminences)
Thenar eminence Hypothenar eminence:
(does not need adductor since it has interossei)
Abductor pollicis brevis (always median)
name meaning body partlayer /
locationorigin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
adductor pollicis adductor of thumb hand
thenar
eminence,
deep
transverse: anterior body
of 3rd metacarpal,
oblique: bases of 2nd
and 3rd metacarpals
and adjacent trapezoid
and capitate bones
medial side of the base
of the proximal phalanx
of thumb
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)depp palmar arch adducts thumb
abductor pollicis
brevisabductor of thumb hand
thenar
eminence,
lateral
transverse carpal
ligament, scaphoid and
trapezium
radial base of proximal
phalanx of thumb and
thumb extensors
median nervesuperficial palmar
archabducts thumb
flexor pollicis brevis short thumb flexor hand
thenar
eminence,
medial
trapezoid, flexor
retinaculum
thumb, proximal
phalanxmedian nerve
superficial palmar
archflexes thumb
opponens pollicisopposing muscle of
thumbhand
thenar
eminence,
deep
trapezium and
transverse carpal
ligament
metacarpal bone of
thumb on its radial sidemedian nerve
superficial palmar
arch
moves thumb against
little finger
abductor digiti minimiabductor of little
fingerhand
hypo
thenar
eminence,
superficial
pisiformbase of proximal
phalanx of little finger
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)ulnar artery abducts little finger
flexor digiti minimi
(brevis)flexor of little finger hand
hypo
thenar
eminence
hamate bone
ulnar side of base of
proximal phalanx of
little finger
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)ulnar artery flexes little finger
opponens digiti minimi
opposing muscle of
little finger (places
against sth else)
handhypothenar
eminence
hook of hamate and
flexor retinaculum
medial border of 5th
metacarpal
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)ulnar artery
moves little finger
against thumb
Opponens digiti minimiOpponens pollicis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Adductor pollicis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
(whole muscles
visible on hand:)