Comenius:
“ Natural Sciences Natural English”
Autora: Isabel Mira Tornadijo.
IES Juan de Garay. Valencia, Spain
19 October 2012.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRYALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY
AND AND
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Autora: Isabel Mira Tornadijo
Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English”
IES Juan de Garay. Valencia, Spain
19 October 2012.
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
PROBLEMPROBLEM
WHAT IS THE END OF USED OIL TO MAKE OUR PLANET MORE SUSTAINABLE?
http://www.elsuralavista.com/
THROW IT INTO THE SEA?THROW IT INTO THE SEA?
http://cienciaencanoa.blogspot.com.es/
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
One litre of oil pollutes 1000 litres of water!
PROBLEMPROBLEM
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
The waste generated in the city is a problem that becomes larger as the world population grows.
PROBLEMPROBLEM
THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
educacioninicial.com
Earth is already over-polluted. The technological
development in the consumer society leads to the
accumulation of garbage and debris not assimiliated by
nature.
PROBLEMPROBLEM
THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
If urgent measures are not taken, not only the environment, but the health of human beings is in danger .
These measures also include SCHOOL LABORATORIES.
PROBLEMPROBLEM
THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?THROW IT AWAY TO A LANDFILL?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
Valencia. Spain
PROBLEMPROBLEM
RECYCLING?RECYCLING?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
Benavente. Zamora .Spain
It seems to be the best option
PROBLEMPROBLEM
RECYCLING?RECYCLING?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
BUT… HOW?
How can we recycle used oil?
And what for ?
Can we get useful products, useful substances?
PROBLEMPROBLEM
RECYCLING?RECYCLING?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
CHEMISTRY WILL HELP US!
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
FIRST YOU SHOULD KNOW WHAT AN OIL IS AND WHAT CHEMICAL STRUCTURE IT HAS.
STRUCTURE OF A TRIGLYCERIDE
Fatty acidFatty acid Fatty acid
GLYCEROL
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
GLYCEROL
THEN YOU SHOULD KNOW A POSSIBLE CHEMICAL REACTION: TRANSESTERIFICATION
Glycerin appears as a byproduct of biodiesel production process, obtaining 1 Kg of the same for each 10 kg of biofuel.
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
TRANSESTERIFICATION
But… Where do we get methanol from?
Methanol (CH3OH) is an alcohol.
The typical feedstock used in the production of methanol is natural gas.
Methanol also can be made from renewable resources such as wood, municipal solid wastes and sewage.
But it is also possible to transform glycerine in methanol for reuse in making biodiesel (an innovative project).
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
TRANSESTERIFICATION
GLYCERIN.- Among the main uses are:
-The elaboration of cosmetics such as soaps. - In the field of medicine used in the preparation of
medicaments in the form of -- In military disciplines for the manufacture of explosives, - Preparation of alkyd resins which are used as insulators.
- Fluid separator in capillaries instruments.- Industry Paintwork.-- Tobacco industry.
- Textiles providing elasticity and softness to fabrics.- Manufacture of leather. - Production of methanol.
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
TRANSESTERIFICATION
BIODIESEL
Biodiesel is considered a clean fuel because it is:
• NONTOXIC
• BIODEGRADABLE
• MUCH LESS POLLUTING THAN PETROLEUM DIESEL.
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
Combustion of biodiesel fuel results in much lower emissions of almost every pollutant:
• carbon dioxide
• sulfur dioxide (one of the main causes of acid rain)
• carbon monoxide
• air toxins and unburned hydrocarbons
TRANSESTERIFICATION
BIODIESEL
HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE PROBLEM?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
http://www.greenerpro.com/Products.html
BIODIESEL CYCLEBIODIESEL CYCLE
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
http://www.greenoptions.comhttp://www.environmentalleader.com
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
THE MOST POSITIVE OPTION IS THE 3 R’S
1.REDUCE GARBAGE AND DEBRIS
2. REUSE IF POSSIBLE
3. RECYCLE
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?
• Rack and test tubes• Jar with a lid• Probet / Tube graduate • Electronic scales• Waste Vegetable oil • Catalyst: potassium methoxide = KOH in methanol to 1.5%.
Material and reagents necessary for obtaining biodiesel
We must remember the importance of reducing the amount of chemicals.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
• Weigh 10 grams of vegetable oil in a small boat fitted with a lid.
• Add 4 mL of the catalyst.
• Close the bottle with the cap and shake gently.
• After 10 minutes of stirring, the contents is poured into a cylinder and allowed to stand in the rack. After a while they should see two layers.
Procedure for the realization of biodiesel
HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE HOW TO MAKE BIODIESEL IN THE SCHOOL LABORATORY?SCHOOL LABORATORY?
• The top layer is biodiesel, which floats above the glycerol byproduct.
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CHEMISTRY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Isabel Mira Tornadijo. Comenius: “ Natural Sciences Natural English” IES Juan de Garay. 19 October 2012. Valencia, Spain
“A PUBLIC SCHOOL FOR ALL”