Age of ExpansionismAge of Expansionism
The Republic of TexasThe Republic of Texas
John Tyler PresidencyJohn Tyler Presidency
Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny
James K. Polk PresidencyJames K. Polk Presidency
Mexican-American War Mexican-American War
Gold Rush of 1849Gold Rush of 1849
The Republic of Texas: 1836-The Republic of Texas: 1836-18451845
• Stephen F. Austin ColonyStephen F. Austin Colony
• 1821 Mexico independent from Spain1821 Mexico independent from Spain
• Mexican settlement plan 1824Mexican settlement plan 1824
• By 1830 20,000 white cotton growersBy 1830 20,000 white cotton growers
• 1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts1830 Mexico ends plan: riots and revolts
• 1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator1834 Santa Anna becomes dictator
• The Alamo and Goliad: 1836The Alamo and Goliad: 1836
• Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto Sam Houston: battle at San Jacinto River, River, – First president of the Republic of TexasFirst president of the Republic of Texas
Stephen F. AustinStephen F. Austin
Sam HoustonSam Houston
The AlamoThe Alamo
Davy CrockettDavy Crockett
John Tyler Presidency: 1841-John Tyler Presidency: 1841-18451845• Harrison’s Death: Accidental PresidentHarrison’s Death: Accidental President
• Opposite of Whig PhilosophyOpposite of Whig Philosophy
• Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,Tyler: pro slavery Virginian, anti tariffs,– Anti internal improvements, anti national Anti internal improvements, anti national
bankbank
• Whole cabinet resigned over bank vetoWhole cabinet resigned over bank veto
• Tries to start his own partyTries to start his own party
• Proposes annexation of TexasProposes annexation of Texas– Secretary of state Upshur diesSecretary of state Upshur dies– Calhoun loses annexation voteCalhoun loses annexation vote
John Tyler: 1841-1845John Tyler: 1841-1845
James K. Polk: 1845-1849James K. Polk: 1845-1849
Manifest DestinyManifest Destiny
• John L. O’Sullivan 1845John L. O’Sullivan 1845
• Puritan Colonies: all the way to PacificPuritan Colonies: all the way to Pacific
• ““Shinning city on the hill”Shinning city on the hill”
• Chosen PeopleChosen People
• Destiny to occupy whole continentDestiny to occupy whole continent
• Democratic government, civilize Democratic government, civilize continentcontinent
• Land for multiplying countryLand for multiplying country
• Oregon and California Trails: trek westOregon and California Trails: trek west
Election of 1844Election of 1844
• Texas Annexation main issueTexas Annexation main issue
• Whigs: Henry Clay wavers on issueWhigs: Henry Clay wavers on issue
• Dems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but PolkDems: Not Tyler or Van Buren, but Polk
• Polk: Speaker and Governor of Polk: Speaker and Governor of TennesseeTennessee– Jacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & TexasJacksonian, expansionist, Oregon & Texas
• Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from Liberty Party: Birney takes votes from ClayClay
• Polk wins 170 to 105Polk wins 170 to 105
• Texas annexation approved 1845Texas annexation approved 1845
War with MexicoWar with Mexico
• Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49Polk:Hard working, Oregon settled at 49thth
• Polk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio GrandePolk sends Zackary Taylor to Rio Grande
• Slidell, new Mexican government claims allSlidell, new Mexican government claims all
• Three pronged War: Taylor North MexicoThree pronged War: Taylor North Mexico– Freemont, Sloat, Kearny: westFreemont, Sloat, Kearny: west– Winfield Scott: Mexico CityWinfield Scott: Mexico City
• Political Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau opposePolitical Debate:Lincoln & Thoreau oppose
Winfield Scott captures Winfield Scott captures VeracruzVeracruz
Result of WarResult of War
• Treaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: TristTreaty of Gaudelupe Hidalgo: Trist– $15 million for California, Arizona, $15 million for California, Arizona,
Nevada,Nevada,– New Mexico, and half of TexasNew Mexico, and half of Texas– Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2 Rio Grande border, pay all debt $3.2
millionmillion
WAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, DavisWAR EXPEREINCE: Lee, Grant, Davis
1849 Gold Rush: $200 million1849 Gold Rush: $200 million