Latinos in the U.S. and Northeast Florida: A Demographic Overview
Dr. Judith C. Rodriguez, RD, University of North FloridaMr. Daniel Santibanez, MPH Candidate, University of North Florida
Feb. 25, 2005
This is part 1 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of
Duval County Health Department. For more information or register for the seminars, please call 620-1289.
About Hispanics/Latinos…
• The largest minority group
• Hispanics are a young, fast growing population
• Larger families
• Lower high school graduation rates
• Self identity differs
Adapted from GM Bell Institute Hispanic Heart Health Presentation
U.S. Demographics of Hispanics
Total US Populatio
n
Puerto Rican 9% Cuban 4%
Central & South American 14%
Other Latino/Hispanic 7%
13.8%(2003)
Mexican 66.9%
US Census Bureau 2003
Adapted from GM Bell Institute Hispanic Heart Health Presentation
Regional Distribution
14%
33%
45%
8%• Puerto Rican• Dominican• Central
American • South
American
•Cuban•Central American•South American•Puerto Rican
•Mexican•Central American•South American
US Census Bureau 2003
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html; Health US 2004
U.S. Demographics - Indicators
US HispMedian age 38.7 35.4all % below poverty 12.1 21.8<18 % below poverty 16.3 28.2
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Survey, March 2000, PGP-4
About Latinos/Hispanics…
0 20 40 60 80 100
Population living inpoverty
High school graduationrate
Population under 18years old
Families with 5+ people
Non Hispanic Whites
Hispanics
Age
One-third of Hispanics are under age 18.
Among Hispanics, Mexicans have the largest proportion of people under age 18 (37 percent).
The Hispanic population is younger than the non-Hispanic White population.
U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau
6 4 2 0 2 4 6
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70-74
75-79
80-84
85+
Age Distribution by Sex and Hispanic Origin: 2002
6 4 2 0 2 4 6
Male Female FemaleMale
Hispanic Non-HispanicWhite
U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau
Note: Each bar represents the percent of the Hispanic (non-Hispanic White) population who were within the specified age group and of the specified sex.
Hispanic family households are more likely than non-Hispanic White family households to be maintained by a female with no spouse present.
Among Hispanic family households, Puerto Ricans have the largest proportion of households maintained by a female with no spouse present.
About half of Hispanics aged 15 years and older are married.
Family Households and Marital Status
U.S. Hispanic Population: 2002 Current Population Survey, March 2002, PGP-5 US Census Bureau
Acculturation
Diversity: • Among native-born Latinos and those who are
fully fluent in English, views on a range of issues are often closer to those of non-Hispanics than to those who are foreign born or Spanish speakers
(Pew Hispanic Center and Kaiser Family Foundation Survey December 17, 2002)
Language• Overwhelming majority believe immigrants need to learn to
speak English – – Mex. (89%)
– Puerto Ricans (86%)
– Cubans (89%)
– Central Americans (94%)
– South Americans (89%)
– Salvadorans (94%)
– Dominicans (92%)
– Colombians (88%)
• 89% believe immigrants need to learn English to succeed.
Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html
Discussion
Language barriers are an issue when working with the Hispanic population.
Is enough being done to provide bilingual or translation services by the city and health departments?
How big of an issue is this in your work?
Considering all viewpoints, what do you feel are steps that should be taken?
Values, Beliefs, Attitudes
• 29% (vs. 46% whites) – believe you can be more successful in an American workplace if you are willing to work long hours at the expense of your personal life
• Only 17% predominant Spanish vs. 45% predominantly English speakers voice this view (Similar between the foreign and the native born.)
Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002, http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html
Identity
• 54% use country of origin for identifying themselves
• 24% say “Latino” or “Hispanic” is their first choice
• 21% say “American” is their preference
• 57% of Latinos with U.S.- born parents identify first as Americans
Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002,http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html
Discrimination
• One in three (31%) Latinos report they or someone close to them has suffered discrimination in the past five years; more (45%) report experiencing more subtle forms
Hispanic vs. Latino Survey by comScore Dec 2002,http://www.ahorre.com/archives/2004/09/hispanic_vs_lat_1.html
Health
Variety of health belief systems impact health behaviors:
• Hot-cold theory of disease
• Germ theory and Western medicine
• Religion (fatalism, “God’s will,” etc.)
Important Trend Data
• Household income is growing
• Purchasing power is growing at triple the rate of the overall US population
• Children of Hispanic immigrants will be the largest contributing group in the next twenty years
http://www.ahorre.com/hispanicinfo.htm
Discussion
Are employers attempting to adjust to the growing numbers of Hispanics in the area?
What are some examples of diversity outreach in your fields?
Do you feel the pace is consistent with the growth in the area?
What are the obstacles? Solutions?
General Mills Bell Institute Hispanic Heart Health Presentation
Latino Population in Florida
Puerto Rican 18.0% Cuban 31%
Other Latino/Hispanic 37%
Mexican 14%
US Census Bureau Current Population Survey, March 2002
Total Florida 18.7%
(2003)
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12000.html
Florida U.S.
Median household income, 1999 $38,819 $41,994
Per capita money income, 1999 $21,557 $21,587
Persons below poverty, percent, 1999 12.5% 12.4%
Foreign born persons, percent, 2000 16.7% 11.1%
Other lang spoken at home, % > 5yrs, 2000 23.1% 17.9%
High school graduates, % > 25yrs, 2000 79.9% 80.4%
Bachelor's degree or higher, % > 25yrs +, 2000 22.3% 24.4%
Demographics - Indicators
Florida Est. for Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers (MSFW)
MSF Enumeration Profile Study, Larson Assistant Services, 2000 and Health Planning Council of N.E. Fla., Health Plan 2003-2006
Area MSFW and Household MembersBaker 31
Clay 24
Duval 1,372
Flagler 954
Nassau 52
St. John’s 1,051
Volusia 4,242
Florida 286,725
http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTSearchMapFramesetServlet?_lang=en&PANEL_ID=p_qt_geo_map&errMsg=&_mapX=&_mapY=&_latitude=&_longitude=&_pageX=&_pageY=&_MapEvent=zoom&_zoomLevel=6&_pan=&_rem_geo=&_ts=125421892427&_changeMap=ZoomIn&_area=040
http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTSearchMapFramesetServlet?_lang=en&PANEL_ID=p_qt_geo_map&errMsg=&_mapX=&_mapY=&_latitude=&_longitude=&_pageX=&_pageY=&_MapEvent=zoom&_zoomLevel=5&_pan=&_rem_geo=&_ts=125422075851&_changeMap=ZoomIn&_area=040
Duval County
• HISPANIC/LATINO Number Percent
• Total population 778,879 100.0
• Hispanic/Latino 35,612 4.5
• Not Hispanic or Latino 746,933 95.9
Duval County
HISPANIC BY TYPE Number PercentHispanic (any race) 31,946* 100.0• Mexican 6,398 20.0• Puerto Rican 11,485 36.0• Cuban 3,354 10.5• Other Hispanic or Latino 10,709 33.5• Dominican 610 1.9
* Estimated no. is on 2000 census but regarded as low. Current estimate about 60,000.
0.4-1.9%2.3-3.6%3.7-5.3%5.4-7.4%7.5-11.5%
Percent Hispanic/Latino*
* Mayor’s Planning Office
Central American (excl Mex) 1,713 5.4 Costa Rican 266 0.8 Guatemalan 177 0.6 Honduran 276 0.9 Nicaraguan 270 0.8 Panamanian 488 1.5 Salvadoran 174 0.5 Other Central American 62 0.2
Duval County
South American 2,154 6.7 Argentinean 123 0.4 Bolivian 57 0.2 Chilean 137 0.4 Colombian 964 3.0 Ecuadorian 205 0.6 Paraguayan 6 0.0 Peruvian 328 1.0 Uruguayan 25 0.1 Venezuelan 221 0.7 Other South American 88 0.3
Duval County
4.3%13.9%27.6%32.4%21.8%2.682,715Florida
3.3%12.4%24.6%34.1%25.6%29,111Volusia
3.0%11.7%30.4%29.9%25.1%3,244St.John
2.1%10.6%26.6%31.5%29.3%873Nassau
6.5%27.1%23.8%22.0%20.6%2,537Flagler
2.0%8.1%25.5%37.3%27.2%31,946Duval
1.9%8%26.5%33.8%29.8%6,059Clay
1.7%7.4%31.2%40.8%18.9%419Baker
PercentPercentPercentPercentPercent
75+55-7435-5415-340-14
Age Group (Years)Total Hisp. population
Area
Hispanic Population by Age Group, 2000
U.S. Census Summary Data Files and Health Planning Council of N.E. Fla., Health Plan 2003-2006
All other Hispanic or Latino
6,232 19.5
Spaniard 305 1.0 Spanish 1,049 3.3 Spanish American 127 0.4 Not elsewhere classified 4,751 14.9
Duval County
Discussion
Hispanics in Duval County currently make up 5% of the population.
How do you think this affects community workers and leaders’ attitudes toward Hispanics and towards ensuring they are provided with resources (i.e., language support, etc.)?
Local Information
For census data specific to your county access the U.S. Census Bureau’s
• State & County QuickFacts
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/•http://factfinder.census.gov/
•City of Jacksonville Planning Office
Additional Census Information
• Current Population Reports series are offered annually by the U.S. Census Bureau. The most recent edition, The Hispanic Population in the United States: March 2002, Population Characteristics can be found at:
http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/p20-545.pdf
or
http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/hispanic.html