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ADCs - connectingthe real world with the virtual world
Stefan Schubert PE GmbH
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Table of content- News about PE GmbH- ADC types and principles- ASIC Design examples with ADCs- Measurement of ADCs in ASICs
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founded in 1997 in Herrenberg (Stuttgart)
focus on fabless IC-Design
IC supply chain management
establishment of the IC-Design Center Dresden in 2005 Expanding the service to analog/mixed signal IC-Design
Focus on smart power, smart RFID and sensor applications
Acquisition of PE by the French company “Group Serma” in Juli2013
PE Company History
S. 4 Leibniz Konferenz 2014
founded in 1994
legally and financially independent privately owned company
Group Serma is composed of 6 companies Serma Technologies
Serma Ingénierie
IDMOS
Productivity Engineering GmbH
HCM.Systrel
Serma GmbH
Overview of Serma
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Products and Services for the Industrial Market
Hi-tech electronics
• analog and mixed signal design
• technology migration
• replacement of obsolete
products
• fully independent supply chain
management
• product maintenance and
obsolescence management
• product migration management
Application Specific Standard
Products for the industrial
market ASSPs
Supply chain management
Fabless IC supplier
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ADC types and principles
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AFE 1
AFE 2
MU
X
MU
X
Calibration
ADC
Memory
Power Supply and Management
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tal d
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Signal Processing
A typical Sensor ASIC
ADC
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ADC Types in ASICs
FlashDual SlopeSuccessive ApproximationSingle SlopePipelineSigma Delta Charge Balancingand mixtures
A Flash converter requires 2n-1
comparators for an n-bit
conversion -> impractical for more
than 8bit = 255 comparators
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FlashDual SlopeSuccessive ApproximationSingle SlopePipelineSigma Delta Charge Balancingand mixtures
Control Logic
Counter
Reference
IntegratorComparator
Charge Discharge
Fixed time measured time
Inte
grat
or
ou
tpu
tvo
ltag
e
1. charge fixed time with input voltage2. Discharge with reference voltage3. Count time until discharged
ADC Types in ASICs
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FlashDual SlopeSuccessive ApproximationSingle SlopePipelineSigma Delta Charge Balancingand mixtures
Source: Analog Devices
ADC Types in ASICs
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FlashDual SlopeSuccessive ApproximationSingle SlopePipelineSigma Delta Charge Balancingand mixtures
ADC Types in ASICs
Source: Analog Devices
1. Convert 3Bit (MSB) analog to digital2. Convert result back to analog3. Subtract result from input value4. Convert residue in next stage after amplification (LSB)5. Sum up result from both stages
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FlashDual SlopeSuccessive ApproximationSingle SlopePipelineSigma Delta Charge Balancingand mixtures
ADC Types in ASICs
1st order Sigma-Delta Modulator
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Physical measured values (examples)Pressure=> Capacity (MEMS)=> current => Voltage, Temperature => Resistor (PT100) => VoltageHumidity => Resistor => Voltage, Capacity => current => VoltageRadiation(Pyro/Thermophile) => VoltageLight (solar cell) => current => VoltageResistor (DMS)=> Voltage…
ADCs measure voltages
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ASIC design examples with ADCs
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- 2 single ended/differential Sensors
capacitive sensing chip
- 12 bit Sigma-Delta converter
ADCs within ASICs
MEMS
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3 x 8bit successive approximation2MS/s
Application in smart metering, digital SMPS and power control
ADCs within ASICs
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16 bit Delta-Sigma ADC 0,18µm20MS/sSlow conversion speed but high resolution applications
ADCs within ASICs
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14bit 5MS/s pipeline ADCIndustrial control ASIC
ADCs within ASICs
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10 bit successive approximationconverter with 8 multiplexed inputseach having it‘s own S&H circuit.Conversion speed is >125kS/s.
ADCs within ASICs
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ADCs within ASICs
100 x 10bit counter ADCs, charge measurement
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Measurement of ADCs in ASIC
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Im Beispiel wurde zum Test des ADCs
ein genauer DAC mit hoher Auflösung
(>16 Bit) und geringen Nichtlinearitäten
(max. 15 ppm) als Referenz verwendet.
Measuring the beast
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ADC Eingang / LSB
AD
C A
us
ga
ng
/ L
SB
Reale Tranferfunktion
Ideal quantisierte
Transferfunktion
Ideale Transferfunktion
DNL
INL
Some key parametersA
DC
dig
ital
ou
tpu
t
ADC analog input
Issues come up with:- Offset of amplifiers- Gain errors- Cross coupling- Parasitics- noiseand others.
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0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
0 64 128 192 256
ADC-Ergebnis /LSB
Ab
so
lute
Häu
fig
keit
Reale Verteilung
Ideale Verteilung
Input stimulation with clean sinusoidal voltage – bath tub curve
„Bath tub cleaning“
Ab
s. p
rob
abili
ty
Real distrib.Ideal distrib.
ADC conversion results / LSB
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AFE 1
AFE 2
MU
X
MU
X
Calibration
ADC
Memory
Power Supply and Management
en
viro
nm
en
tal d
ata
of
the
real
wo
rld
Signal Processing
Design for Testability
driveable observable
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Stefan Schubert • Executive VP IC DesignProductivity Engineering GmbH Sachsenallee 9 • 01723 Kesselsdorf • GermanyPhone: +49 35204 777007 • [email protected] • www.pe-gmbh.com