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PRESENTATION ON PRESENTATION ON ACIDS, BASES AND SALTSACIDS, BASES AND SALTS
BYBYN SAI DEEPIKAN SAI DEEPIKA
& & N SAI DEEPAKN SAI DEEPAK
ACIDSACIDS AcidsAcids are those substances which are sour are those substances which are sour in in
taste, produce burning sensation on taste, produce burning sensation on touching and touching and which turn blue litmus to red. which turn blue litmus to red. Examples – Citric acid, Examples – Citric acid, oxalic acid, oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid.hydrochloric acid.
Curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar Curd, lemon juice, orange juice and vinegar taste sour. These substances taste sour taste sour. These substances taste sour because because they contain acids.they contain acids.
The chemical nature of such substances is a The chemical nature of such substances is a acidicacidic. The word acid comes from the Latin . The word acid comes from the Latin word word acere acere which means sour.which means sour.
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ACIDS
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NAME OF ACID FOUND IN
Acetic Acid Vinegar
Formic acid Ant’s sting
Citric Acid Citrus foods such as oranges, lemons etc
Lactic Acid Curd
Oxalic Acid Spinach
Ascorbic Acid (Vit ‘C’) Amla, citrus fuits
Tartaric Acid Tamarid, grapes, unripe mango etc
BASESBASES
Bases are those substances which are Bases are those substances which are bitter bitter in taste, are soapy to touch and in taste, are soapy to touch and which turn which turn red litmus to blue. Example red litmus to blue. Example Sodium Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide etc.Hydroxide, Potassium hydroxide etc.
The nature of such substances is said to The nature of such substances is said to be be basic.basic.
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BASES WE EAT
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NAME OF BASES FOUND IN
Calcium Hydroxide Lime Water
Ammonium Hydroxide
Window Cleaner
Sodium Hydroxide/Potassium Hydroxide
Soap
Magnesium Hydroxide
Milk of Magnesia
INDICATORSINDICATORS
The special substances which are used to The special substances which are used to test whether a substance is acidic or basic test whether a substance is acidic or basic are known as indicatorsare known as indicators
The indicators change colour when added The indicators change colour when added to to a solution containing an acidic or a basic a solution containing an acidic or a basic
substance.substance. Some of the naturally occurring indicators Some of the naturally occurring indicators
are are turmeric, litmus, china rose petals turmeric, litmus, china rose petals etc.etc.
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LITMUS PAPER
NEUTRALISATIONNEUTRALISATION
The reaction between an acid and a base The reaction between an acid and a base is is known as neutralization. Salt and water known as neutralization. Salt and water are are produced in this process with the evolution produced in this process with the evolution
of heat. of heat. In neutralization reaction heat is always In neutralization reaction heat is always
produced or evolved.produced or evolved. In neutralization reaction a new substance In neutralization reaction a new substance
is formed. This is called salt. Salt may be is formed. This is called salt. Salt may be acidic, basic or neutral in nature.acidic, basic or neutral in nature.
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ACTIVITY TEST WITH DIFFERENT ACTIVITY TEST WITH DIFFERENT INDICATORSINDICATORS
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TEST SOLUTION CHINA ROSE INDICATOR
TURMERIC INDICATOR
LITMUS SOLUTION BLUE/RED
HCL (Hydrochloric Acid)
Red No change Blue to Red
NAoH Sodium Hydroxide
Green Red Red to Blue
Soap solution Green Red Red to Blue
Baking Powder Green Red Red to Blue
Lemon Juice/ Tomato Juice
Red No Change Blue to Red
Vinegar Red No Change Blue to Red
Sugar No Change No Change No Change
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