A View of the Cell
Life is Cellular
Discovering the Cell
Robert Hooke– used a
microscope to study cork
– coined the term “cell”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek– first person to discovered life
in water using a microscope
I. Introduction to the Cell
A. Cell Theory
– All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
– Cells are the basic unit of structure & function in organisms.
– All cells come from preexisting cells.
B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.
– Cell Size Small cells function more efficiently
than large cells. Smaller is BETTER! Large cells cannot function efficiently
in the transport of materials & waste into and out of the cell.
B. Cells differ in size, shape, & organization.
– Cell Shape The shape of cell depends on its function.
– Most cells contain a variety of membrane bound ORGANELLES - cell parts that perform specific functions for the cell
C. Internal Organization
– A Large Organelle near the center of the cell is the NUCLEUS. It contains the cell’s genetic information and controls the activities of the cell.
– Whether a cell has or does not have a NUCLEUS is important for classifying cells.
II. Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes
EUKARYOTES – ORGANISMS WHOSE CELL OR CELLS
CONTAIN A NUCLEUS AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.
– MORE COMPLEX– CAN BE HIGHLY SPECIALIZED– UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR– PLANTS, ANIMALS, FUNGI, PROTISTS
Prokaryotes Vs. Eukaryotes
PROKARYOTES – ORGANISMS WHOSE CELLS DO NOT
HAVE A NUCLEUS AND OTHER MEMBRANE-BOUND ORGANELLES.
– SMALLER AND SIMPLER– UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS SUCH AS
BACTERIA AND BLUE-GREEN ALGAE
The difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is such an important distinction that they are placed in separate Kingdoms.
Cell Structure (concept map)
Cells
prokaryotic eukaryotic
bacteria organelles
protists
fungi
plants
animals
can be
which are known as
which lack which
contain
which are
found in
WRAP-UP QUESTIONS
What is the smallest most basic unit of life? Where is DNA in eukaryotes? …
prokaryotes? Why would you need a microscope to see a
prokaryotic organism? What are the 3 parts of the cell theory? Where do viruses fit in the cell theory?
Viruses
Virology - study of viruses
Viral Characteristics
Non livingNot made up of cells Cannot grow or replicate on their own Must be reproduced in living cells