A Design Space Analysis of Availability-Sharing Systems
Stephen [email protected]
Gloria [email protected]
Juan David [email protected]
Fish et al. 92 and Tang et al 94
(Photo taken from: http://people.cs.vt.edu/~srh/SteveHarrisonProjectsPARC.html)
Tang et al. 01
ConNexus Awarenex
Lai et al. 02
Availability-Sharing Systems
~20 years: Good Results
How to design such systems?
Tradeoffs for interrupter & interruptee?
Present a system design that balances needs.
Low Adoption
1
2
3
~20 years: Good Results
How to design such systems?
Tradeoffs for interrupter & interruptee?
Present a system design that balances needs.
Low Adoption
1
2
3
42McFarlane ’97, McFarlane and Latorella ´02, Matthews et al. ‘04, Pousman and Stasko ‘06, Tomitsch et al. ‘07, Jonsson et al’ 08, Markopoulos ’09, Garcia et al. ‘10
Characteristics/Interruptee
Method of coordination
Meaning of interruption
Method of expression
Channel of conveyance
Human activity changed
Effect of interruption
Personal-vs-Public
Focus-Peripheral
Explicitness
Modality
Information Filtering
Coordination and Freq.
Source of the Interruption
Dynamism of Input
Source
Precision
Notification Level
Private-vs-Shared
Place-vs-People
Input Automation
Accuracy
User Control Level
Notification Level
Localization of the AIS
Strategy to Assist
Orientation of the Activity
Location
Abstraction
Notification Level
Transition
Abstraction
Notification Level
Information Capacity
Aesthetic Emphasis
Abstraction
Notification Level
Transition
Modality
Temporal Gradient
Representation
Context Awareness
2642McFarlane ’97, McFarlane and Latorella ´02, Matthews et al. ‘04, Pousman and Stasko ‘06, Tomitsch et al. ‘07, Jonsson et al’ 08, Markopoulos ’09, Garcia et al. ‘10
Characteristics/Interruptee
Method of coordination
Meaning of interruption
Method of expression
Channel of conveyance
Human activity changed
Effect of interruption
Personal-vs-Public
Focus-Peripheral
Explicitness
Modality
Information Filtering
Coordination and Freq.
Source of the Interruption
Dynamism of Input
Source
Precision
Notification Level
Private-vs-Shared
Place-vs-People
Input Automation
Accuracy
User Control Level
Notification Level
Localization of the AIS
Strategy to Assist
Orientation of the Activity
Location
Abstraction
Notification Level
Transition
Abstraction
Notification Level
Information Capacity
Aesthetic Emphasis
Abstraction
Notification Level
Transition
Modality
Temporal Gradient
Representation
Context Awareness
2613McFarlane ’97, McFarlane and Latorella ´02, Matthews et al. ‘04, Pousman and Stasko ‘06, Tomitsch et al. ‘07, Jonsson et al’ 08, Markopoulos ’09, Garcia et al. ‘10
Method of coordination
Method of expression
Channel of conveyance
Personal-vs-Public
Focus-Peripheral
Explicitness
Modality
Coordination and Freq.
Dynamism of Input
Source
Precision
Notification Level
Accuracy
User Control Level
Notification Level
Abstraction
Notification Level
Abstraction
Notification Level
Information Capacity
Abstraction
Notification Level
Modality
Temporal Gradient
Representation
Context Awareness
136McFarlane ’97, McFarlane and Latorella ´02, Matthews et al. ‘04, Pousman and Stasko ‘06, Tomitsch et al. ‘07, Jonsson et al’ 08, Markopoulos ’09, Garcia et al. ‘10
Method of expression
Explicitness
Modality
Dynamism of Input
Source
Accuracy
User Control Level
Abstraction
Notification Level
Information Capacity
Modality
Temporal Gradient
Representation
Values
Sensor Data Availability Natural MultiMedia
Continuous Discrete Literal
Always On Almost AO On Request Implicit
Symm-Trac Symm-Blind Asymm-Trac Asymm-Blind
Focal Selec-Focal Secondary Peripheral
Historical Recent Current Predicted
McFarlane ’97, McFarlane and Latorella ´02, Matthews et al. ‘04, Pousman and Stasko ‘06, Tomitsch et al. ‘07, Jonsson et al’ 08, Markopoulos ’09, Garcia et al. ‘10
Information Delivery
Obtrusiveness
Symmetry
Abstraction
Temporal Gradient
Presentation
1
~20 years: Good Results
How to design such systems?
Tradeoffs for interrupter & interruptee?
Present a system design that balances needs.
Low Adoption
2
3
Design Tradeoffs – M.S.
Dimension Values
Abstraction Sensor Data Availability Natural MultiMedia
Presentation Continuous Discrete Literal
Inf. Delivery Always On Almost AO On Request Implicit
Symmetry Symm-Trac Symm-Blind Asymm-Trac Asymm-Blind
Obtrusiveness Focal Selec-Focal Secondary Peripheral
Temporal Gradient Historical Recent Current Predicted
Interrupter Interruptee
Design Tradeoffs - App
Dimension Values
Abstraction Sensor Data Availability Natural MultiMedia
Presentation Continuous Discrete Literal
Inf. Delivery Always On Almost AO On Request Implicit
Symmetry Symm-Trac Symm-Blind Asymm-Trac Asymm-Blind
Obtrusiveness Focal Selec-Focal Secondary Peripheral
Temporal Gradient Historical Recent Current Predicted
Interrupter Interruptee
Tradeoffs - Interruptee
Tradeoffs - Interrupter
1
~20 years: Good Results
How to design such systems?
Tradeoffs for interrupter & interruptee?
Present a system design that balances needs.
Low Adoption
3
2
System Design - InterruptMe
Abstraction
Information Delivery
Symmetry
Conclusions and Future Work• Design space for availability-sharing systems.• Analyzed the tradeoffs between Interrupters and Interruptees• Used the definition to propose a new system with three novel
contributions:– Multiple availabilities– Group-based Traceable-Asymmetry– Projector-based Information Delivery
• Long term deployment and improvements in the software, hardware and reasoning engine.
• Come see our demo.
Thank you!
Stephen [email protected]
Gloria [email protected]
Juan David [email protected]
Questions?