Kannada KaliPÀ£ÀßqÀ PÀ°
Kannada Learning Programme
By:
CAd£ï PÀĪÀiÁgï (Anjan Kumar)[email protected]
One of the Dravidian languages
First written record in Kannada is traced back to Emperor Ashoka’s Brahmagiri Edict (legal command) 230 BC.
Full length Kannada stone inscription was found in Halmidi which dates back to 450 CE.
Other native languages of Kannada are Tulu, Kodava and Konkani.
Kannada and Telugu scripts looks similar and are derived from Brahmi script.
Like other Dravidian languages, Kannada has also been greatly influenced by Sanskrit in terms of vocabulary, grammar and literary styles
Brief History of Kannada
Phases of Evolution
Poorva Halegannada or Pre-ancient Kannada
Till 9th Century CE
Oldest existing record of Kannada literature is poetry in tripadi by Kappe Arabhatta which dates back to 700 CE
Halegannada or Ancient Kannada
9th to 14th Century CE
Jain and Virashaiwa literature
Pampa, Ranna, Ponna, Basavanna are the eminent literary persons of that era.
Nadugannada or Middle Kannada
14th to 18th Century
Daasa Saahithya (literature)
Purandara Dasaru, Kanaka Dasaru, Jagannatha Dasaru etc
Hosagannada or Modern Kannada
From the end of 19th Century
Poetry, Prose, Novels, Drama
Muddanna, Masti Venkatesh Iyengar, Kuvempu, Bendre, Shivaram Karanth, Girish Karnad, UR Ananthamurthy, SL Bhairappa to name a few.
Before learning
1. To learn any language, focus should be on its pronunciation.So emphasize on the pronunciation.
2. Unlike other language the same word takes different form in different conversations. ex: hOguttEne will be pronounced generally as hOgtEne or hOgtini nAnu hOgutthEne nAnu hOgtini You will get adjust to one style as and when you practice
3. Like any other Indian language lot of English words are used in conversations. Ex: bus (bassu), car (caaru)
Before learning (cont)
4. A Language can be learnt only by using it, practicing it. So dont stop your learning just in this session. Practice it outside. Watch kannada news, films, interviews. Listen to FM RadioMirchi (98.3), SFM (93.5), BigFM(92.7), Rainbow (101.3), RadioOne (94.3) etc. Once you are ok with basic sentence forming try to apply it. Talk with your colleagues, security, office boys, shops, hotels, bus, auto, market everywhere..
5. Try to translate to Kannada from your own languages, since grammar is similar across all the Indian languages. Dont try to translate from English. Ex: English: what is your name? Kannada: enu ninna hesaru? Hindi: thera naam kya he? Kannada: ninna hesaru enu?
To read Kannada in English
rakhoo in soo
paisai in mindai
mErae in there E
lagee in Well. e
doodh
oo in boothU/oo
buraue in blueu
geethe in teethee
dili in illi
saatha in pathA/aa
ghara in ata
Ex in Hindi
Pronounce it as in EnglishWhat you see
rakshaNTouch your palate with your tongue. Now say 'N'
N
naamn in nice n
tehert in table T
thumt in tablat
DarD in dirtyD
dErth in the d
Touch your palate with your tongue. Now say 'L'
L
lagel in littlel
To read Kannada in English
Baraha Transliterator
Available at following website
www.baraha.com
You can download directly from here:
http://www.baraha.com/download/baraha70.exe
Presentation Shared at
\\anjankumar-c1\KannadaKali-Shared
First Person Pronouns
Singular
Its me, Ramnaanu Ram
I am a software engineernaanu software engineer
Me / I amnaanu
Plural
We are from Bengaloorunaavu bengaloorinavaru
Wenaavu
EnglishKannada
First Person Pronouns
EnglishKannada
Singular
My homenanna mane
My name is Ramnanna hesaru Ram
Mine / Mynanna
Plural
Our homenamma mane
Our country is Bharathanamma dEsha bhaarata
Our (Ours) / Wenamma
First Person Pronouns
EnglishKannada
Singular
I want waternanage neeru bEku
To me / For menanage
Plural
We want waternamage neeru bEku
To us / For usnamage
Note: ‘ge’ means – to or for
Usage of First person singularUsage of First person singularI am a driver___ driverI want a job___ kelasa bEkuMy name is Raj___ hesaru Raj
He is my brotheravanu ____ tammaI am going to work___ kelasakke hOguttiddIniI have fever___ jwara ide
Second Person Pronouns
Singular
You are Ramneenu Ram
You are a software engineerneenu software engineer
Youneenu
Plural
You are from Bengalooruneevu bengaloorinavaru
You (plural form)neevu
EnglishKannada
Second Person Pronouns
EnglishKannada
Singular
Your homeninna mane
Your name is Ramninna hesaru Ram
Your / Yoursninna
Plural
Your homenimma mane
Your country is Bharathanimma dEsha bhaarata
Your / Yours (plural form)nimma
Second Person Pronouns
EnglishKannada
Singular
What you want ?ninage Enu bEku ?
To you / For youninage
Plural
Do you know kannaDa ?nimage kannaDa gotta ?
To you / For you (plural form)nimage
Case System(Concentrate on highlighted once)
nAnE!, adE!O! / Oh! / Ah!
VocativeE, O8
Locative
Possessive
Ablative
Dative
Instrumental
Accusative (objective)
Nominative
nannali, adaralli
at / inalli7
nanna, adaraits / ofa, ra6
deseyinda5
nanage, adakke
to / forge, kke4
nanninda, adarinda
with, by, through
iMda3
nannannu, adannu
annu2
naanu, aduitselfu1
examplemeaningsuffix
Pronouns Comparison
nanna(mine)
naanu(me, myself)
First Person(singular)
nanage(to / for me)
nammanaavuFirst Person(plural)
namage
ninnaneenuSecond Person(singular) ninage
nimmaneevuSecond Person(plural) nimage
Usage of PronounsUsage of Pronouns
our country is IndiahamAra dEsh bhArat hain___ dEsha bhAratanamma dEsha bhArata
teach us kannaDaham ko kannaDa sikhA do___ kannaDa kalisinamage kannaDa kalisi
which is your place? (plural)aap kA shahar kounsA hain?___ ooru yAvudu?nimma ooru yAvudu?
Usage of PronounsUsage of Pronouns
where are you from? (plural)aap kidar ke ho?___ elliyavaru?neevu elliyavaru?
my company is LucentmEra company Lucent hain___ company Lucentnanna company Lucent
where are you going?tum kahAn jA rahe hO?___ ellige hOgtiddIya?neenu ellige hOgtiddIya?
Usage of PronounsUsage of Pronouns
where is your house? (plural)aap kA ghar kahAn hain?___ mane ellide?nimma mane ellide?
this is for youye tEre liyeidu ___idu ninage
we are learning kannaDahum kannaDa seekh rahe hain___ kannaDa kaliyutiddEvenaavu kannaDa kaliyutiddEve
Usage of PronounsUsage of Pronouns
do you know kannaDa (plural)aap kannaDa jaante hO?___ kannaDa gotta?nimage kannaDa gotta?
we know kannaDahum kannaDa jaante hain___ kannaDa gottunamage kannaDa gottu
which is your language?thErA bhAshA kounsA hain?___ bhAshe yAvudu?ninna bhAshe yAvudu?
Basic Nouns
(1) name – hesaru
ex: nanna hesaru Rammy name is Ram
(2) job / work – kelasa
ex:nanna kelasa consultingmy job is consulting
Basic Nouns
(3) town / city – ooru
that suffixes in bengaLooru, mysooru, mangaLooru
ex: nanna ooru bengaLoorumy city is bengaLooru
(4) house / home – mane
ex:idu nanna manethis is my house
Interrogative Pronouns
adu Enu?What is that?ninna hesaru Enu?What is your name?EnuWhat
KannadaEnglish
naavu yaava hotel ge hOgONa?Which hotel we go?
nimma dEsha yAvudu?Which is your country?yaavudu / yaavaWhich
abhyaasa (Practice)abhyaasa (Practice)jobkelasa
namehesaru
housemane
town / cityooru
whichyaavudu / yaava
whatEnu
Usage of Pronouns with InterrogationUsage of Pronouns with Interrogation
which is your city? (plural)aap ka shahar koun sa hain?nimma ooru yaavudu?
what is your job?tEraa kaam kyaa hain?ninna kelsa Enu?
our company name is Lucenthamaara company ka naam Lucent hainnamma company hesaru Lucent
which is your house? (plural)aap ka ghar koun saa hain?nimma mane yaavudu?
Usage of Pronouns with InterrogationUsage of Pronouns with Interrogation
our house is in Bengalooruhamaara ghar bengaloor main hain______ ____ bengaloorinalli ide
which is my job?mera kaam kounsaa hain?nanna kelasa yaavudu?
what is the name of your city?tEra shahar kaa naam kya hain?ninna oorina hesaru Enu?
my city’s name is MysoorumEra shahar kaa naam Mysooru hainnanna oorina hesaru Mysooru
Verbs(emphasising first and second person)
Where are you?neenu elli iddeeya?I am herenaanu illi iddeeni
There is a bookpustaka alli idePresent tense
presentide (singular)
I was therenaanu alli iddeWhere were you?neenu elli idde?
Past tense
I will be therenaanu alli irtIniWhere you will be?neenu elli irtiya?
Future tense
Verbs
Present tenseExamples
Where is your house? ninna mane elli ide?
My house is in Koramangalananna mane Koramangala dalli ide
Where is bus?bus elli ide?
bus is herebus illi ide
How is the film?film hEge ide?
Film is finefilm chennaagi ide
Verbs
Present tenseExamples
You are here neenu illi iddeeya..
Yes. I am herehoudu. naanu illi iddeeni
Are you there in your house?neenu ninna maneyalli iddeeya?
Yes. I am in my homehoudu. naanu nanna maneyalli iddeeni
Where are you?neenu elli iddeeya?
I am in worknaanu kelasadalli iddeeni
Verbs
Past tenseExamples
Where were you? neenu elli idde?
I was therenaanu alli idde
Present tenseExamplesHow are you? neenu hEge iddeeya..
I am finenaanu chennaagi iddeeni
Verbs
Future tenseExamples
Where you will be?neenu elli irteeya?
I will be in my house naanu nanna maneyalli irteeni
You will be in work?neenu kelasadalli irteeya?
Yes. I will be in my work.houdu. naanu nanna kelasadalli irteeni
Where you will be tomorrow?naaLe neenu elli irteeya?
I will be in Mysoorunaanu mysoorinalli irteeni
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Your car is therethEra car vahaan hainninna car alli ide
Our house is in MysooruHamaara ghar Mysooru main hainnamma mane Mysoorinalli ide
Where is your office? (plural)aap kaa office kahan hain?nimma office elli ide?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
How is our house?hamaara ghar kaisa hain?namma mane hEgide (hEge ide)?
Your house is goodaap kaa ghar achcha hainnimma mane chennaagide (chennaagi ide)
Where were you?thum kahaan the?neenu elli idde?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
You will be in office tomorrow?thum kal office main rehte ho?neenu naaLe office nalli irteeya?
No. I will be in housenahi. main ghar me rahoongailla. naanu maneyalli irteeni
Yesterday, where were you?kal thum kahaan the?ninne, neenu ellidde (elli idde)?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Yesterday, I was there in my townkal, main mera shahar me thaninne, naanu nanna oorinalli idde
Are you there in work?thum kaam pe ho?neenu kelasadalli iddeeya?
No. I am in my home.nahi. main mera ghar me hoonilla. naanu nanna maneyalli iddeeni
Verbs
Where are you?neevu elli iddeera?We are herenaavu illi iddeevi
Present tense
ide (plural)
For First person: Second part will be with ‘v’For Second Person: Second part will be with ‘r’
Verbs
Present tenseExamples
You are here neevu illi iddeera..
Yes. we are herehoudu. naavu illi iddeevi
Are you there in your house?neevu nimma maneyalli iddeera?
Yes. we are in our homehoudu. naavu namma maneyalli iddeevi
Where are you today?ivattu neevu elli iddeera?
Today, we are at workivattu naavu kelasadalli iddeevi
Verbs
ide (plural)
We were therenaavu alli idviWhere were you?neevu elli idri?
Past tense
For Second Person: Second part will be with ‘r’For First person: Second part will be with ‘v’
Verbs
Past tenseExamples
Where were you? neevu elli idri?
We were therenaavu alli idvi
We were in our placenaavu namma ooralli idvi
We were in our worknaavu namma kelasadalli idvi
Verbs
ide (plural)
We will be therenaavu alli irteeviWhere you will be?neevu elli irteera?
Future tense
Verbs
Future tenseExamples
Where you will be?neevu elli irteera?
We will be there in our house naavu namma maneyalli irteevi
You will be in work?neevu kelasadalli irteera?
Yes. We will be in our work.houdu. naavu namma kelasadalli irteevi
Where you will be tomorrow?naaLe neevu elli irteera?
We will be in Mysoorunaavu mysoorinalli irteevi
abhyaasaabhyaasa
How are you?aap kaise hain?neevu hEgiddeera (hEge iddeera)?
We are fineham acche hainnaavu chennaagiddeevi (chennaagi iddeevi)
Where were you?aap kahaan the?neevu elli iddri?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
You will be in office tomorrow?aap kal office main rahenge?neevu naaLe office nalli irteera?
No. we will be in housenahi. ham ghar me rahengeilla. naavu maneyalli irteevi
Yesterday, where were you?kal aap kahaan the?ninne, neevu elliddri (elli iddri)?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Yesterday, we were there in our townkal, ham hammara shahar me theninne, naavu namma oorinalli iddvi
Are you there in your work?aap aapka kaam pe ho?neevu nimma kelasadalli iddeera?
No. We are in our home.nahi. ham hamaara ghar me hainilla. naavu namma maneyalli iddeevi
Verb – ide
irteeraidriiddeeraSecond person
irteeviidviiddeeviFirst personPlural
irteeyaiddeiddeeyaSecond person
irteeniiddeiddeeniFirst personSingular
FuturePastPresent
Verbs
other Formside
You be in homeneenu maneyalli iruYou be thereneenu alli iruiru – be thereSingular
You be in Bangaloreneevu bengaLoorinalli iriYou be thereneevu illi iriiri – be therePlural
Where we should be?naavu elli irbEku?Where I should be?naanu elli irbEku?irbEku – need to be presentSingular / Plural
Verbs
iruExamples
Where I should be?naanu elli irbEku?
You be there in Bengalooruneenu bengaLoorinalli iru
Where we should benaavu elli irbEku?
You should be there in Mysooruneevu mysoorinalli irbEku
Please, tomorrow you be heredayavittu, naaLe neenu illi iru
Right. Tomorrow I will be heresari. naaLe naanu illi irteeni
Verbs
iruExamples
Where we should be?naavu elli irbEku?
You be there in your house (plural)neevu nimma maneyalli iri
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Where is your house?tumhaara ghar kahaan hain?ninna mane ellide (elli ide)?
Our house is in MalleshwaraHamaara ghar Malleshwara main hainnamma mane Malleshwara dalli ide
You are in your house (plural)?aap aap kaa ghar pe ho?neevu nimma maneyalli iddeera?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Yes. I am in my house.haan. main mEra ghar main hoonhoudu. naanu nanna maneyalli iddeeni
Yesterday, where were you? (plural)kal, aap kahaan the?ninne, neevu ellidri (elli idri)?
We were in our townhum hamaara shar me thenaavu namma oorinalli idvi
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Please you be there in your housekrupaya, aap apne ghar pe rahiyedayavittu, neevu nimma maneyalli iri
OK. I will be there in my houseteek hain. main mEra ghar me rahoongasari. naanu nanna maneyalli irteeni
Tomorrow, you will be there in Bengalooru? (plural)kal, aap Bengalooru main rahenge?naaLe, neevu Bengaloori nalli irteera?
Verbs
I am doing the worknaanu kelasa maaDtiddIniwhat are you doingneenu Enu maaDtiddIyado the workkelasa mADu
Present tense
doma aDu (singular)
Verbs
maaDuExamples
Where are you working?neenu elli kelasa maaDtiddeeya?
I am working in Lucentnaanu Lucent nalli kelasa maaDtiddeeni
Please do the workdayavittu kelasa maaDu
I am doing work at homenaanu maneyalli kelasa maaDtiddeeni
You do your workninna kelasa neenu maaDu
You are working fineneenu chennaagi kelasa maaDtiddeeya
Verbs
maaDuExamples
What are you doing?neenu Enu maaDtiddeeya?
I am taking mealsnaanu oota maaDtiddeeni
OK. you take the mealssari. neenu oota maaDu
I will be herenaanu illi irteeni
Verbs
doma aDudoingkar rahan hoonmaa Dtid dee ni
didkiyamaa Did e
will dokaroonga/ karta hoonmaa Dtee ni
will be doingkartha rahoongamaa Dtir teeni
Verbs
domaaDu (singular)
yesterday you did good workninne oLLe kelasa maaDidde
Past tense
Will you do that?neenu adannu maaDtIya?Future tense
Verb – maaDu
maaDteera
maaDteevi
maaDteeya
karoonga /karta hoon
(irteeni)maaDteeni
maaDtirteeramaaDidrimaaDtiddeeraSecond
maaDtirteevimaaDidvimaaDtiddeeviFirstPlural
maaDtirteeyamaaDidemaaDtiddeeyaSecond
karta rahoonga
(irteeni)maaDtirteeni
kiya
(idde)maaDide
kar raha hoon
(iddeeni)maaDtiddeeni
FirstSingular
FuturePastPresentPerson
abhyaasaabhyaasa
What are you doing? (plural)aap kya kar rahe ho?neevu Enu maaDtiddeera (maaDta iddeera)?
We are doing workHum kaam kar rahe hainnaavu kelasa maaDtiddeevi (maaDta iddeevi)
What you did? (plural)aap kya kiya?neevu Enu maaDidri?
abhyaasaabhyaasa
What you do?tum kya karte ho?neenu Enu maaDteeya?
I do workmain kaam kartha hoonnaanu kelasa maaDteeni
We did the workhumne kaam kiyanaavu kelasa maaDidvi
Common Verbs
prefixPluralSingularHindiEnglish
bartabannibaaaanacome
hOgtahOgihOgujaanago
nODtanODinODudekhsee
kELtakELikELusunlisten
Common Verbs
prefixPluralSingularHindiEnglish
hELtahELihELukahotell
tintatinnitinnukhaanaeat
kodtakodikodudEnagive
thagoLta
thagoLithagolEnatake
abhyaasaabhyaasa
What are you doing? (plural)
aap kya kar rahe ho?
neevu Enu maaDtiddeera (maaDta iddeera)?
We are doing work
Hum kaam kar rahe hain
naavu kelasa maaDtiddeevi (maaDta iddeevi)
abhyaasaabhyaasa
What are you doing? tum kya kar rahe ho?neenu Enu maaDtiddeeya?
I am going to workmain kaam ko jaa raha hoonnaanu kelasakke hOgtiddeeni
abhyaasaabhyaasa
I am telling youmain tumko bol raha hoonnaanu ninage haELtiddeeni
I am listening main sun raha hoonnaanu kELtiddeeni
abhyaasaabhyaasa
you are coming tomorrowaap kal aa rahe honeevu naaLe bartiddeera
I will comemain aatha hoonnaanu barteeni
abhyaasaabhyaasa
What you did yesterday?kal thum kya kiya?ninne neenu Enu mADide?
Yesterday I saw the matchkal main match dekhaninne naanu match nODide
abhyaasaabhyaasa
please you go (plural)krupayaa aap jaayiyedayavittu neevu hOgi
OK. I will goaccha. main jaatha hoonaaytu. naanu hOgteeni
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Where were you yesterday? (plural)kal aap kahan the?ninne neevu ellidri?
I had been to my nativemain apne shahar go gaya thanaanu namma oorige hOgidde
abhyaasaabhyaasa
Will you work tomorrowkal aap kaam karte ho?naaLe neevu kelasa maaDteera?
No. tomorrow we will see the matchnahi. kal hum match dekhte hainilla. naaLe naavu match nODteevi
Interrogative Pronouns (cont)
yaaru hOgteera?Who will go?neenu yaaru?Who are you?yaaru?Who
KannadaEnglish
ellinda bartiddeeya?Where are you coming from?
ellige hOgtiddeeya?Where are you going?Shyam elli?Where is Shyam?elli?Where
Interrogative Pronouns (cont)
neenu yaake hOgtiddeeya?Why you are going?neenu illi yaake iddeeya?Why you are here?yaakeWhy
KannadaEnglish
neenu yaavaaginda kannada kalitiddeeya?
From when are you learning Kannada?
neenu yaavaaga bartiddeeya?When are you coming?
neenu yaavaaga bandeWhen you came?yaavaagaWhen
Interrogative Pronouns (cont)
neeu hEge iddeeyaHow are you?neenu hEge bandeHow you came?hEgeHow
KannadaEnglish
vegetable eshtu?How much is the vegetable?
time eshtuwhat is the time (How much is the time)
eshtuHow much / How many
Words (days / time)
today - ivattu
ex: today I am in homeivattu maneyalli iddeenitoday is holiday for officeivattu office ge raja
yesterday – ninne
ex:yesterday I was in homenaanu ninne maneyalli iddeyesterday was holiday for officeninne office ge raja
Words (days)
tomorrow - naaLe
ex: I will be in home tomorrownaaLe maneyalli irteeniTomorrow is holiday for officenaaLe office ge raja
holiday – raja
ex:its holiday. enjoyraja ide. maja maaDineed holidayraja bEku
Words (days)
day before yesterday - monne
ex: saw the match day before yesterday monne match nODidewas there in my hometown day before yesterdaymonne nanna oorinalli idde
day after tomorrow - naadiddu
ex:day after tomorrow is holidaynaadiddu raja idewill go to hometown day after tomorrownaadiddu oorige hOgteeni
Words (days)
week - vaara
ex: this week is holidayee vaara raja
month - tingLu (tingaLu)
ex:this month I will be in my hometownee tingLu naanu oorinalli irteeni
Words (time)
time – gante
1’O clock – ondu gante
ex: what is the timegante eshtu?what time will you come?neenu eshtu gantege barteeya?
Words (season)
season – kaalaperiod
rain – maLe rainy season – maLe kaala (maLegaala)
hot - bisisummer – bEsige kaala
cold - chaLiwinter – chaLi kaala (chaLigaala)
wind - gaaLi
Words (short sentense)
ninna oota aayta?Finished your lunch?aayta?over? (question)
KannadaEnglish
aaytu. naanu barteeniok. I will comenanna oota aaytumy lunch got overaaytuover (answer)
Words (short sentense)
ninage gottuyou know.ninage gotta?you know?nanage gottuI knowgottuknow
KannadaEnglish
naanu nOdillaI have not seennanage gottillaI don’t knowbus illi illabus is not hereillano, not there
Words (distance related)
naanu illi iddeeniI am herebus illi idebus is hereillihere
KannadaEnglish
neenu alli iddeeyaYou are therebus alli idebus is thereallithere
Words (distance related)
naanu hotel hattira iddeeniI am near hotel
nanna office mane hattira idemy office is near to home
hattiranear
KannadaEnglish
naavu dooradinda bandviwe came from farhotel eshtu doora ide?how far is the hotel?doorafar
abhyaasaabhyaasa
How is rain in your city? (plural)
aap ke shahar main baarish kaisa hain?
nimma ooralli maLe hEgide?
today its cold
aaj thand hain
ivattu chaLi ide