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Common Goat DiseasesSigns, Prevention, and Treatment
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Coccidiosis
Common in young kids.
Flourish in pens with manurebuildup.
Cause: Coccidia parasites
Eradication is difficult oncethe facilities are infected.
Signs diarrhea, loss ofcondition, generalunthriftiness, poor growth,
dehydration, blood indiarrhea, off feed, rapidweight loss, and fever
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Coccidiosis
Treatment coccidiostats added to
water and feed and strict sanitation.
Treatment: Treat with Biosol, give orallyonce a day for 5-7 days. Can also treat
with half Corid or Sulmet Also, can put
Decox in the mineral
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Enterotoxaemia
Also known as overeatingdisease.
Clostridium perfringens typeC & D, primarily type D.
Associated with change inquality and quantity of feed.Clostridium perfringens type Dbacteria produce poisons whendigestive tract deprives them ofoxygen
Vaccination at weaning anda yearly booster will help inprevention.
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Enterotoxemia
Symptoms: loss of appetite, depressed, high
temperature, and watery diarrhea; as
enterotoxemia progresses, the goat is unableto stand & will lie on its side making paddling
motions. watery diarrhea, depression,
convulsions, or death
Treatment: Commercially available type C &D antitoxins should be given, plus treatment
of acidosis.
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Acidosis
Cause: accidental consumption of large
quantities of concentrate foodstuffs
Symptoms: depressed, muscle twitching,grinding of the teeth, hangs its head, bloat,
and swelling of the left flank
Treatment: Stop access to food, drench goat
with bicarbonate of soda (2-3 oz), walk thegoat and contact veterinarian if needed
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Pregnancy Toxemia
Cause: a metabolic disease in does in late
pregnancy, most of the nutrition is going to
the kids. Similar to Ketosis.Symptoms: lethargy, loss of appetite,
swelling of feet, laying around not wanting to
get up, sweet-smelling breath
Treatment: Give propylene glycol twice a dayalong with sodium bicarbonate and water
twice a day.
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Ketosis
Cause: ketones accumulate in the
blood of lactating does that are unable
to obtain large amounts of energy feedSymptoms: off food, milk production
decreases, breath smells sweet
Treatment: a glucose drench can begiven
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Tetanus
Cause: infection of open wounds byClostridium tetani
Symptoms: muscle stiffness causing anunsteady gait, animal looks anxious,convulsions, death results due to the animalbeing unable to breathe
Treatment: Antibiotics- penicillin and antiseracan be given but response is poor; flushwound with hydrogen peroxide and treat withpenicillin
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Foot Rot
Signs lameness
Prevention fencegoats out of wet,
marshy areas whereorganisms causing footrot more likely grow andkeep hooves trimmed toproper length.
Treatment coppersulfate foot bath andantibiotics.
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Foot Rot
Cause: Flusiformis nodosusinfection enters the hoof &
causes inflammation of the
sensitive laminae
Symptoms: mild to severelameness, animals are reluctant
to walk; associated with a foul
smell
Treatment:Hoof paring in
order to remove the underrun
hoof. Apply antiseptics to
remove any infection.
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Laminitis
Cause: caused by consumption of highlyconcentrated or lush forage diets; causes
inflammation of the skin layers around the hoof
Symptoms: lameness, warm feet, stiff gait, prefersto lay down or stay on knees, bloat, diarrhea, &
toxemia
Treatment: reduced protein/energy diet should befed & a soft bed should be provided; pain relief drugs,such as Phenylbutazone, is essential; hoof trimming
may be necessary to relieve pain
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Pneumonia
Cause: infection of thelung
Respiratory Problem
Prevention decreasestress by providing dry,well-ventilated housingwith adequate space.
Symptomsunthriftiness, runnynose, loss of appetiteand high temp.
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Pneumonia
Symptoms cont.: stops eating, hangs
head, sounds congested, rapid or
difficulty coughing and breathingTreatment Antibiotics and correction
of predisposing factors with
environmental conditions.Oxytetrocycline; if severe, may require
veterinary-only drugs
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Caprine arthritis-encephalitis
Also known as CAE
Cause: Virus
Transmission
ingestion of infectedcolostrums and milk.
Signs lameness andarthritis, decreasedappetite, paralysis ofthe hind legs,convulsions, seizure,and eventually reachingthe area of the brainthat controls respiration.
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Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis
(CAE)
Symptoms: lameness, weight loss,
enlarged knees, pneumonia, and
chronic coughTreatment: Isolate and remove the goat
from the herd. Treat symptoms but not disease,
death is inevitable.
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Soremouth
Contagious ecthyma
Signsdifficulty
eating, spreadinglesions to the does
udder
Vaccinationuse live
virus by scarifying theskin and painting on
the vaccine.
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Contagious Pustular
Dermatitis (Sore Mouth)
Cause: infectious viraldisease (affects animalsand humans)
Symptoms: Pimplesaround the nose,mouth, eyes, anus, andhoofs. These turn towatery blisters then to
sticky, encrusted scabs.The mouth and gumsswell. Can cause deathif the animal is unableto eat.
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Soremouth
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Sore Mouth cont
Treatment: Isolate
the goat and use an
antibiotic spray or
ointment.
Vaccination is not
recommended. Use
a medication withCephapirin
Benzathine.
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Pinkeye
Infectiouskeratoconjunctivitis.
Occurs in warm and hot
weather because it is spreadbe flies and close contact.
Highly contagious.
Prevention goodsanitation, and fly control.
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Pinkeye
Cause: spread by flies, dust and longgrass
Symptoms: watery eye, red and corneais cloudy, sensitive to light
Treatment: flush eyes with penicillin orOxytetracycline for a few days and alsoisolate the animal from other animals.Broad spectrum antibiotics, sprays and powders.Remove from sunlight and cover with patch.
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White Muscle Disease (WMD)
Seen in kids less than one week tothree months in age.
This disease is normally noted inrapidly growing, heavily muscledkids that were born to does that
consumed rations deficient invitamin E and/or selenium.
Signs weakness, poor sucklingreflex, stiffness, arched back,sawhorse stance, respiratorydistress, and sudden death.
Prevention Supplementation of
vitamin E and selenium in pregnantdoes.
Treatment injection of seleniumand 68 IU of vitamin E. If the hearthas been affected treatment israrely successful.
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White Muscle Disease
Cause: deficiency of
Vitamin E and Selenium
Symptoms: Stiffness,
weakness, andtrembling, unable to use
back legs, can result in
death
Treatment: giveselenium with vitamin E
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Scours
More common in young kids.
Caused by coccidia, E. coli,worms, salmonella, andviruses.
Signsanorexia (wont eat),high temp, weakness, andwatery or pasty feces.
Prevention goodsanitation.
Treatment antibiotics,intestinal astringents (bolusor fluid to decreasecontractions), and fluid andelectrolyte therapy.
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Chlamydial Abortions
Also known as enzooticabortion.
Chlamydial abortions occurin the last stage of gestation.
After a does aborts from thisdisease they form immunityto it and will not abort onsubsequent pregnancies.
Signs does rarely show
visible signs beforeoccurrence.
Prevention vaccinate doesprior to breeding.
Treatment tetracyclineantibiotics
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Polioencephalomalcia(Goat Polio)
This is a Thiamine(Vitamin B 1)deficiency.
Caused by feeding toomuch grain and too littleroughage.
Symptoms excitability,stargazing,uncoordinated
staggering andweaving, circling,diarrhea, and muscletremor.
P li h l l i
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Polioencephalomalcia
(Goat Polio)
Symptoms cont.: muscle rigidity, diarrhea,circling, staggering or weaving, excitability,apparent blindness, eyes moving fast,
convulsions, and fever, death usually occurswithin 24-72 hours
Treatment:Give thiamine and penicillin; ifanimal is unable to eat, give Revive orally
and water several times a day. thiamine injectiongiven intravenously if possible
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Foot and Mouth
Viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals.
NOTE: If foot and mouth
disease is suspected contacta veterinarian immediately.
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Foot & Mouth Disease
Symptoms: blisters onthe lips, tongue, teats, or the
coronary band of the hoof;
can become lame and haveexcessive salivation
Treatment: Prevent thisbefore it occurs; destroy any
animal that is exposed
Treatment NONE; Animalsexposed to the disease are
destroyed
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Johnes Disease
Cause: Mycobacterium johnei bacterium in
the intestine; causes thickening of the
intestine
Symptoms: poor condition, scouring
becomes more frequent with bubbles of gas
in droppings, weakness, & thirst increases
Treatment: Destroy animal as soon aspossible to prevent spreading.
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Johnes Disease
Chronic incurable infection ofthe intestines byMycobacterium johneibacterium.
Causes a thickening of theintestine.
Signs loss of condition,occasional scouring,weakness, and thirst mayincrease.
Treatment None. Slaughteranimal as soon as possibleto prevent spread to otheranimals.
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ir-ranch.com/Johnes10.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.ir-ranch.com/Johnes.htm&h=148&w=104&sz=1&tbnid=sdiqAjfXxa0J:&tbnh=90&tbnw=63&hl=en&start=37&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJohnes%2BDisease%26start%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.caprine.co.nz/webfiles/TheGoatFarmer/webpages/images/2312/JOHNES_DISEASE2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.caprine.co.nz/wa.asp%3FidWebPage%3D2312%26idDetails%3D137&h=202&w=260&sz=5&tbnid=9z0_WjsQV-AJ:&tbnh=83&tbnw=107&hl=en&start=4&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJohnes%2BDisease%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.goatworld.com/articles/johnes/johnes1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.goatworld.com/articles/johnes/johnes1.shtml&h=192&w=288&sz=28&tbnid=VQb8KBODGaAJ:&tbnh=73&tbnw=110&hl=en&start=19&prev=/images%3Fq%3DJohnes%2BDisease%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN7/28/2019 7. Goat Diseases
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Blackleg
Cause: soil-borne bacterium, Clostridium chauvei.
Symptoms: This disease occurs rapidly in affectedanimals and can cause death before the owner
notices any sickness. May cause high fever,depressed appetite, depression, lameness,andswelling of the head and in the muscle on variousparts of the body
Treatment: Treat with penicillin or other antibioticsin large doses. Have a veterinarian drain the affectedarea of the swelled head.
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Bloat
Cause: gorging on anything
unsuitable (example: wet
grass pastures or raiding
food bin)
Symptoms: Tightly inflated
flanks, collapse, and misery
Treatment: Drench goat with
vegetable or other oil (6-8 oz
for adults & 2+ oz for kids),
walk goat around, massage
flanks. Contact veterinarian
if this does not help.
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Brucella Melitensis
Cause: Organism excreted in milk,urine, and feces. Causes an infection ofthe placenta and udder.
Symptoms: Abortion will occur in last 2months of pregnancy
Treatment: Vaccinations are available
to prevent it, but generally the herd isslaughtered.
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Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL)
Cause: Bacteria enters the goat through
breaks in skin or mucus membranes and
localizes in lymph node.
Symptoms: Abscesses of the lymph glands.
Treatment: Have a Vet test to see if the
abscess is CL. Isolate the goat, lance the
abscess and remove discharge, then treatwith iodine several times. Destroy all
discharge.
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Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL)
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Colic
Cause: affects young kids when diets arechanged (such as mixing milk replacer atwrong concentration)
Symptoms: restlessness, stands with backarched or hind feet placed well back, andcries out
Treatment: If pain does not pass in a fewhours, give pint of vegetable oil (for adultsand less for kids) along with 1 glass of spiritsin 2 glasses of water, repeat this hourly untilthe pain stops
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Floppy Kid Syndrome
Cause: believed to be caused bytoo rich milk or associated with E.coli
Symptoms: depression, weaknessof limbs which progresses to flaccid
paralysis, and goat may also have adrunken appearance
Treatment: Remove from source ofmilk for 24 to 36 hours. Dissolve 1tsp of sodium bicarbonate in water& give 20-50cc orally, allowing thekid to swallow during administration.
Repeat this procedure 1,3,6,12hours after initial treatment. Alsogive electrolytes until returning tomilk & give wide spectrum antibioticto prevent secondary bacterialinfections.
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Indigestion
Cause: failure of normal ruminal
movement; often associated with high
intake of concentrate foodstuffsSymptoms: off of food
Treatment: Usually recovers in 2 days;
sodium bicarbonate can be given orallyif there are acid conditions in the rumen.
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Listeriosis
Cause: caused by Listeria monocytogenes; feeding
silage, sudden changes in kind of feed, parasitism,
dramatic changes in weather, & advanced stages of
pregnancy can be the onset of listeriosisSymptoms: depression, little appetite, fever, rigid
neck pulled toward flank, facial paralysis on one side,
move in one direction only, drooling, & abortions
Treatment: Procaine penicillin every 6 hours for 3 to5 days, then daily for 7 days
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Mastitis
Cause: inflammation of the udder;associated with germs
Symptoms: udder is hot, hard andtender, loss of appetite, bruised lookingudder
Treatment: Antibiotics
CD antitoxin, Poly Serum, Penicillin,Banamine, and Nuflor
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Mycotoxin
Cause: fungus growth in old hay or feed
poisons the animal
Symptoms: depression, anorexia, excessivesalivation, convulsions, and an arched back
Treatment: Varies with the source of the
problem. Remove bad feed and administer
activated charcoal to inhibit additional uptakeof toxin from the gut. Mineral oil may also be
helpful.
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Navel Ill
Cause: dirty environment infecting thenavel cord
Symptoms: swollen, painful, red navelin young kid
Treatment: Antibiotics, clean the areaaround the navel with antiseptic iodine,
remove scabs and drain any puspockets.
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Urinary Calculi
Cause: A hard mass ofmineral salts in the urinarytract caused by a dietarymineral imbalance. Urinary
calculi is usually seen inbucks.
Symptoms: straining tourinate, restlessness, vocalsigns of pain, pawing at theground, and looking at its
abdomenTreatment: Consult yourveterinarian.
Stone (suture 1 inch in length)
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Chorioptic Mange
Cause: Chorioptes caprae; infests the
skin of the lower leg
Symptoms: itchiness and small scabs
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Psoroptic Mange
Cause: Psoroptes caprae; infests the
ears
Symptoms: head shaking andscratching
Treatment: Use gamma benzene
hexachloride and gammexane
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Sarcoptic Mange
Cause: Saroptes scabei; burrows in theskin and lays their eggs in tunnels
Symptoms: itching, red and hairlessaround the eyes, ears, and nose, andthe skin becomes raised
Treatment: Veterinary treatment is
required due to infestation being passedto other goats.
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Demodectic Mange
Cause: Demodex caprae; invades hairfollicles and sebaceous glands of theskin
Symptoms: small lumps in skin, maybecyst like or like a bag of fluid
Treatment: Due to response to
treatment being poor, it is best toconsult your veterinarian.
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Ringworms
Cause: Fungal condition
Symptoms: gray/white crusty appearance onskin, thickened skin and hairs thin or absent,
enlargement of affected areasTreatment: Fungicides used as a liquiddressing. Use any of the following: 0.5% Lime sulfur
1:10 bleach
1:300 Captan
1% Betadine
Use these daily for 5 days and then weekly.
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Ringworm
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Bottle Jaw
Cause: blood-sucking worms
Symptoms: lower face and jaw swell
and gums may not be normal in colorTreatment: Worm the goat with strong
medicine every 11 days, for 3 times.
May also need to give iron and vitamins.
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Lungworms
Cause: worms
inhabit air passage
& cause
inflammation
Symptoms: chronic
cough
Treatment: drenchwith dewormer
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Lice
Cause: parasite
Symptoms:
irritation, rubbing,
bald patches,
itching, usually
occurs in the winter
Treatment:powders, sprays, or
dips can be used
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Gastro-intestinal roundworms
Infests stomach and
intestines
Symptoms:
diarrhea, weight
loss, & anemia
Treatment: drench
with dewormer
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Tapeworms
Cause: inhabits thesmall intestine
Symptoms: Passing of
tapeworm segments infeces in young goatsduring the summermonths
Treatment:
anthelmintic-albendazole can beused; oral niclosamideis highly effective
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite/pictures/whole_tapeworms.GIF&imgrefurl=http://www.biosci.ohio-state.edu/~parasite/tapeworms.html&h=266&w=412&sz=57&tbnid=5Fhg_Ylx-VUJ:&tbnh=78&tbnw=121&hl=en&start=6&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2Btapeworms%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%7Clang_es7/28/2019 7. Goat Diseases
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Conclusion
Strict sanitation is necessary to prevent
diseases. Although sanitation requires
time and money, it is time and moneywell spent since prevention of the
diseases is more economical than
treatment. The housing for goats plus
their food and water must be kept clean
and dry.