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NURSING THEORIES in caring
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Florence NightingaleMother of Modern Nursing
Environmental Theory:Nursing ought to signify the proper use of
fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet &
proper selection & administration of diet
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Hildegard PeplauNursing is a he ling rt(therapeutic) ofhuman relationship between anindividual who is sick or in need ofhealth services.
Nursing is viewed as an interperson lprocessbecause it involves interaction
between the nurse & the patient toachieve a common goal.
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Virginia HendersonTo assist the individual sick or well, in
the performance of those activitiescontributing to health or its recovery or
to a peaceful death
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14 Components of Basic Nursing
Care:Breathe normally
Eat & drink adequately
Eliminate body wastes
Move & maintain desirable postures
Sleep & Rest
Select suitable clothes
Maintain body temperature
Keep body clean & well-groomed
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Avoid dangers in the environment & avoidinjuring others
Communicate with othersWorship according to ones faith
Work in such a way that theres a sense ofaccomplishment
Play or participate in recreation
Learn & discover or satisfy curiosity that lead tonormal development
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Lydia HallParticipation in CARE, CORE & CURE aspects of
patient care:
Careis the sole function of the nurse
Core& Cureare shared with other members of the
health team
Purpose of care is to achieve an interpersonalrelationship with the individual that will facilitate
the development of the core.
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CORE - theperson; therapeutic use of self
CORE - thebody; the intimate bodily core
CURE - the disease; seeing through themedical care
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Dorothea OremNursing is needed when the self-caredemands are greater than the self-care
abilities3 Steps of Nursing Process:
1. Diagnosis & Prescription
2. Design of the Nursing System &Planning for the delivery of care
3. Production & Management of Nursing
Systems
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3 Classifications of Nursing Systems:
1. Wholly Compensatorypeople who aresocially dependent on others to exist
2. Partially Compensatoryboth nurse &patient care measures
3. Supportive-Educativeperson is able toperform ADL but cannot do withoutassistance
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Dorothy JohnsonThe primary goal of Nursing is to
foster equilibriumwithin thehealth-illness continuum
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Faye Glenn AbdellahNursing is broadly grouped into the 21
problem areasto guide care & promote the
use of nursing judgment.
Nursing is a comprehensive service that is
based on the art & science and aims to help
people, sick or well, cope with their health
needs.
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Key Concepts of 21 Nursing
Problems1. To maintain good hygiene
2. To promote optimal activity: exercise, restand sleep
3. To promote safety
4. To maintain good body mechanics
5. To facilitate maintenance of a supply ofoxygen
6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition
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7. To facilitate maintenance of elimination
8. To facilitate the maintenance of fluid andelectrolyte balance
9. To recognize the physiologic response ofthe body to disease conditions
10. To facilitate the maintenance of regulatorymechanisms and functions
11. To facilitate maintenance of sensory
function
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17. To create and maintain a therapeuticenvironment
18. To facilitate awareness of self as anindividual with varying needs
19. To accept the optimum possible goals
20. To use community resources as an aid inresolving problems
21. To understand the role of social problems
as influencing factors
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Imogene KingProcess of action, reactionand
interaction whereby nurse and patientshare information about their
perception in the nursing situation
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Martha RogersNursing is an art and science that is
humanistic & humanitarian; nursesshould participate in theprocess of
CHANGE
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Sr. Calista RoyNursing is the promotion of theadaptive responses in relation to the 4AdaptiveModes:
1. Self-concept
2. Interdependence3. Physiologic function
4. Role function
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Jean WatsonNursing is concerned with promoting
health, preventing illness, caring forthe sick and restoring health.
Caring is defined as a nurturant way of
responding to a valued client withwhom the nurse feels commitment &
reponsibility
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Madeleine LeiningerNursing is a learned humanistic &
scientific profession & disciplinewhich is focused on human care
phenomena
Concept of Transcultural Nursing orEthnonursing
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THANK YOU!!!