AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Smart Grid Lab Automation using 4DIAC and IEC 61499
Filip Andrén Electrical Energy Systems
Energy Department
3rd 4DIAC User’s Workshop (4DIAC)
17th IEEE International Conference on
Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA'2012)
September 17-21, Kraków, Poland
Content
Background and Motivation
Design and Validation Environment
System Design
Implementation Using 4DIAC
Example Application (RLC Tuning)
Summary and Conclusion
2 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Background and Motivation
Smartness requires awareness, i.e., knowledge about what is currently
happening in the surrounding system
Measurements
Widespread
communication
Intelligent
control
Collaboration between
stakeholders
International standards
Development
Research
3 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
System Engineering and
Planning Layer
System Components Layer
Control
Layer(IPC, embedded
controller,
IEC 61499/4DIAC)
SCADA Layer(PC, Mango web
server/client)
Meter Data
ManagementDMS / SCADA
Control
Engineering
Primary
Substation
Secondary
Substation
Tap-
changerBuilding
Gateway
ESB / CIM
Data-
concen-
trator
IEC61499
Network Simulation
Interconnection
Assessment,
Functional Testing
Network Operation
Field Devices,
System
Engineering
Smart
Meter
IEC61850
IEC61850
External
Systems
Application
Profiles
Application
Interfaces
Interfaces,
Protocol Profiles
FB FB
Technical Process (i.e. Power Distribution Network)
PlanningGISVisualization
IEC61970
IEC61968
Background and Motivation
Design stages & validation methods for development of Smart Grid components
Concept
Offline simulations
Prototype
Offline and real-time simulations
Software tests
Realization
Process and hardware tests
Challenge
Environment based on international
standards for development and validation of Smart Grid components
4 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Validation MethodsDesign Stages
Concept - Algorithm
Prototype - Timing
- Interfaces
Realization - Software
- Hardware
Offline Simulations
Proof of
Concept
Software Tests
C-HIL
Process Tests - Open Loop
- Closed Loop
Simulations - Offline
- Real-Time
Verificationprocess
Validation
Design and Validation Environment
Motivation and Introduction
The integration of renewable energy resources and distributed generation
into the current power grid is a major problem
A paradigm shift from a centralised to a distributed energy generation
More intelligence needed to cope with the new challenges, i.e. control,
communication and automation strategies
Environment for design, simulation and validation of new Smart Grid
automation and control concepts needed
Concept for environment integrating possibilities for simulation as well
as real hardware tests
5 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Design and Validation Environment
Main Requirements
Hardware Requirements
Flexibility
Scalability
Hardware independence
Software and Application
Requirements
Configurability
Portability
Application Distribution
6 27.08.2012
Simulation Requirements
Offline simulation
Real-time simulation
Open and Standard-Compliant
Implementation
Interoperability
Open communication interfaces
Free & open source approaches
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Design and Validation Environment
Main Idea and Concept
7 27.08.2012
System Engineering and
Planning Layer
System Components Layer
Control
Layer(IPC, embedded
controller,
IEC 61499/4DIAC)
SCADA Layer(PC, Mango web
server/client)
Secondary
Substation
Tap-
changerBuilding
Gateway
ESB / CIM
Data-
concen-
trator
IEC61499
Network Simulation
Interconnection
Assessment,
Functional Testing
Field Devices,
System
Engineering
Smart
Meter
IEC61850
IEC61850
External
Systems
Application
Profiles
Application
Interfaces
Interfaces,
Protocol Profiles
FB FB
FB
Technical Process (i.e. Power Distribution Network)
PlanningGISVisualization
IEC61970
IEC61968
Primary
Substation
Network OperationDMS / SCADA
Meter Data
Management
Engineering
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Design and Validation Environment
Why IEC 61499 and 4DIAC?
Engineering Process
Devices
Resources
Applications and
subapplications
Generic Interfaces
Communication
Interface
Process Interface
Controlled Process
8 27.08.2012
Resource
A
Resource
B
Resource
C
Communication Interface
Process Interface
Resource
A
Resource
B
Resource
C
Communication Interface
Process Interface
Device 1
Application 1
Application 2
Device 2
FB1
FB5 FB6
FB4FB2 FB3
Communication Interface
Process Interface
Scheduling function
MN
POWERL
INK_MN
CN1
POWERL
INK_IO
OUT
SUBL
IN
PUBL
CN2
POWERL
INK_IO
Resource C
Application 3
App. 4
Communication Network
Application Model
(i.e Function Block Network)
System Model(System = Communication
Network + Devices +
Controlled Process)
Resource Model(Resource = Execution
Environment for
Function
Block Networks)
Controlled Process
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Design and Validation Environment
Basic Concept Based on IEC 61499
9 27.08.2012
Interconnection of multiple
systems
SCADA
DMS
Simulators
Controllers
Independent applications
Control application
Communication
application(s)
SCADA_
RES
CONTROL
_RES
IO_RES
Communication Interface
Process Interface
SIM_RES CONTROL
_RES
SCADA_
RES
Communication Interface
Process Interface
Device 1
SCADA_APP
Device 2
Communication
Network
PUBL/SUBL
(shared memory)
Simulated Power Distribution Network
(Offline Simulator)
Real
Network
Device
Wire (digital/
analouge I/O)
over
POWERLINK
I/O access via
wire (digital/
analouge) or
communication
network
SERVER/CLIENT
(TCP/IP)
Suppervisory Control and
Data Aquisition (SCADA) System
Distribution Management System
(DMS)
PUBLISH/
SUBSCRIBE
(UDP/IP)
SIM_
APPCONTROL_APP
Simulated Power
Distribution Network
(Real-Time Simulator)
IO_APP
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Design and Validation Environment
Visualisation and Simulation Tools
SCADA for visualisation
ScadaBR
Simulation Tools
Matlab/Simulink
DIgSILENT /
PowerFactory
OpalRT (real-time)
10 27.08.2012
PC - based Power Systems Simulator
Component Simulation via SimPowerSystems
PC - based Development Environment
IED Control Application Development with 4 DIAC - IDE
SCADA / DMS
Mango M 2 M
Embedded Controller / Industrial PC ( IPC )
IED Control Application Execution with FORTE
Ethernet ( TCP / IP )
Communication
Application Deployment
( XML Protocol over TCP / IP )
Ethernet ( TCP / IP , UDP / IP ,
Modbus / TCP , etc .) Communication
Real I / Os ( POWERLINK )
Real-Time Simulation .
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
System Design
Control Layers
Hardware Layer
Proprietary hardware
No access to software
Control Layer
Basic control
functionality
Software alterations possible,
but not necessary
SCADA Layer
Superior control functions
Alterations straightforward 11 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Hardware Level
Control Level
SCADA/DMS Level
System Design
Layer Components and Communication
Fix components
Sensors, I/Os
Main control components
IEC 61499 applications
ScadaBR
Additional components
Multi-Agent-System
...
12 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Hardware LevelSensor
SiemensI/Os
Control Level(Linux)
SCADA/DMS Level
(Windows/Linux)
ScadaBRDeWeSoft
ASN.1 TCP/IP (Modbus, OPC, IEC 61850)
Ethernet POWERLINK, Modbus
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
SensorDewetron
Modbus, OPC (IEC 61850, IEC 60870)
IEC 61499IEC 61499
MAS(IEC 61499)
etc.
System Design
Extensibility
Database
MySQL
Visualization
Web Service
interface
High-level control
applications
13 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Hardware LevelSensor
SiemensI/Os
Control Level(Linux)
SCADA/DMS Level
(Windows/Linux)
ScadaBRDeWeSoft
Database
ASN.1 TCP/IP (Modbus, OPC, IEC 61850)
Ethernet POWERLINK, Modbus
Visualization/HMI Level
Labview
Web Services
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
IEC 61499(4DIAC)
SensorDewetron
Modbus, OPC (IEC 61850, IEC 60870)
IEC 61499IEC 61499
SQL
MAS(IEC 61499)
etc.
Web/Java/C#
Implementation using 4DIAC
System Configuration
14 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Implementation using 4DIAC
Control Level Implementation using 4DIAC
IEC 61499 device for laboratory control
I/O and Safety Resources are locked in the device
15 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
IEC 61499 Device (IPC_1)
I/O Resource (B&R)
Safety ResourceSafety Functionality
RLC ControlResource
MASGridResource
SCADAResource
Implementation using 4DIAC
Communication Protocols
Communication protocols were added to 4DIAC
Implementations as network layers
Modbus
OPC
Implementation with standalone function blocks
Ethernet POWERLINK
16 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
RLC Tuning for PV-Inverter Islanding Test
Implemented Test Case: Inverter Test Stand
Implemented Case Study: Control of AIT PV-inverter Test Stand
RLC tuning for PV-inverter islanding test (VDE 0126)
17 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
grid
~
PV-inverter
R L C
S2 S3 L
N
S1 P,Q grid
RLC Tuning for PV-Inverter Islanding Test
Implemented Test Case and Simulations
Inverter Test Stand
Real Hardware
Simulation model using
Matlab/Simulink
SCADA/HMI Implementation
Using ScadaBR
IEC 61499 Control Implementation
Tuning of RLC load
Coarse and fine tuning
18 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Su
pp
erv
iso
ry C
on
tro
l a
nd
Da
ta A
qu
isit
ion
(S
CA
DA
) S
ys
tem
SIM_RES CONTROL
_RES
SCADA_
RES
IEC 61499 Environment
SCADA_
APP
Simulated Power Distribution Network
(Simulation)
LAB_RES
Communication Interface
SIM_APP
CONTROL
_APP
grid
~
PV-inverter
R L C
S2 S3L
N
S1 P,Q grid
Process Interfaces
LAB_APP
Inverter Test
Stand
(Hardware)
~
RLC Tuning for PV-Inverter Islanding Test
Implemented Test Case: Simulation Results
PV-Inverter Characteristics
6 kW active power output
200 VAr reactive power
output
Only tuning of R load
Tuning of L and C loads similar
19 27.08.2012
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1-1000
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
time[s]
P[W
],Q
[VA
r]
Pgrid
Qgrid
stop fine tuning
coarse tuning
start fine tuning Pgrid
=0
Filip Andrén, Energy Department
Summary and Conclusions
Development of a validation and test environment using open source tools
Enabling simulation and hardware tests
Connection possibilities for multiple technologies
4DIAC and IEC 61499 is used as a core technology to enable this
Proof-of-concept has currently been shown
This concept will be integrated into the new research and test laboratory
20 27.08.2012 Filip Andrén, Energy Department
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology your ingenious partner
Filip Andrén Electrical Energy Systems
Energy Department
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology
Giefinggasse 2 | 1210 Vienna | Austria
P +43(0) 50550-6680 | M +43(0) 664 2351916 | F +43(0) 50550-6390
[email protected] | http://www.ait.ac.at