7/25/2019 2014 Fall Hon Final Review 2
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Dougherty Valley HSChemistry Nuclear and electron Review
1. Explain why most of the mass of an atom is in the nucleus and
its volume is in the
electron cloud.
2. What force keeps the nucleus of the atom together? What force
in the nucleustries to break it apart?
3. ive the nuclear symbol for the elements below
a. carbon ! 1"b. #alcium ! "3 c. $odium ! 2"d. %ranium &
23'
". What are the six types of radioactive decay we discussed in
class?
(. Explain each decay above and give its charge and nuclear
symbol.). *ank +lpha, -eta, and gamma first by density and then by
ease of stopping the
particle. Explain the relationship between the density and ease
of stopping the
particle.
. write out or finish the decays below.
a. C614
N714
/ 000000000
b. %ranium ! 23( undergoes an alpha decayc. What is produced
when protactinium ! 22' goes through two alpha decays.
d. What element goes through a beta decay to produce
cerium&1""e. eutron initiated fission of %&23( results in
the release of 2 neutrons, the
formation of #s&1"" and another nucleus.
f. ritium and deuterium are fused to produce a neutron and a new
nucleus.
. What are the half&life e4uations?'. #alculate the ending
half&life amount.
a. 5ealth officials are concerned about radon levels in homes.
he half&life of
radon&222 is 3.2 days. 6f a sample of gas contains ".3
micrograms of radon&
222, how much will remain in the sample after 1(.2 days?b.
$odium&2" has a half&life of 1( hours. 5ow much
sodium&2" will remain in an
1.7 g sample after )7 hours?
17. #alculate the original half&life amount.a. #arbon&1"
has a half life of (,1(yrs. 6f 2.(g of a sample is left after
23,"()yrs what was the mass of the original sample?
b. + sample of *adon&222 is found to have a mass of 1.2
grams. 6f it has a half&life of 3.2 days and you have had it
for 3 months how much did you start
with?
11. #alculate the percentage of sample left.a. %ranium&23
decays very slowly, with a half&life of "." billion years.
What
percentage of a sample of uranium&23 would remain after 13."
billion years?
b. he half&life of palladium&173 is 1 days. What is the
percentage of your
sample left if you keep it for 17 months?
12. Calculate the halflife.a. + sample of $trontium&'7 is
found to have decayed to one&eighth of itsoriginal amount after
.3 years. What is the half&life of strontium&'7?
!. + sample of 8rancium&212 will decay to one&sixteenth
its original amountafter 7 minutes. What is the half&life of
francium&212?
1". Calculate the time.a. $odium&2" has a half&life of
1( hours. 5ow much sodium&2" will remain in an
1.7 g sample after )7 hours?
7/25/2019 2014 Fall Hon Final Review 2
2/3
Dougherty Valley HSChemistry Nuclear and electron Review
!. #lement1$% has a halflife of $.&$ seconds. 'f one
millionatoms of it were (re(ared) how many atoms would remainafter
*.+ seconds,
1*. -rder the color s(ectrum from hottest most energy/ tocoldest
lest energy/.
1+. #0(lain the (hotoelectric eect. Draw out a (icture of
whatha((ens when an atom a!sor!s energy and releases energy.1%. hat
is the ground state and e0cited state.13. hat is a line emission
s(ectrum and how is it (roduced.14. #0(lain the Heisen!erg
uncertainty (rinci(le.1&. 5ive the electron con6guration for
the elements !elow.
a. 7e!. Ca
c. Cud. 6
27. What elements are below.
a. 1s22s22p)3s1
b. 1s22s22(%"s2"(%*s2"d1$*(%+s2*d1$+("
c. 1s2
2s2
2(%
"s2
"(%
*s2
"d*
d. 1s22s22(%"s2"(%*s2"d1$*(2
21. How many electrons can !e held in each ( or!ital,22. How
many electrons can !e held in the d or!itals,2". rite all the
electron con6gurations in 1314 in no!le gas
con6guration.2*. hat are the charges of the electrons.2+. hat
are the four 8uantum num!ers and what do they tell
you.2%. 5ive the four 8uantum num!ers for the elements
!elow.
a. #s
!. 9e
c. :
d. ;n23. 5ive the element re(resented !y the 8uantum num!ers
!elow.a. ") 1) 1) 1
