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Page 1: 2013 shape

Elements of ArtThe Elements of Art are the building blocks

for a work of art.Artists use the elements

in planned and organized ways.They are organized

according to the Principles of Design.

Shape is an element of Art & Design

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Implied line• Our eyes read edges of the

object (the lemon) as implied lines. There isn't a line that really marks the edge of it. The dots and short lines also create implied lines moving across the page.

• In this painting there is a major implied line created a circle shape in the middle of the picture. Notice the title, what do you think the circle has to do with what this artist is trying to communicate to you? Does the title give you any hints?

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• Notice this 3-dimensional organic form of the cow in the first image.

• The cow becomes more abstract because it becomes geometric but is still 3-D looking.

• Then it becomes flat 2-dimensional shapes that one can still see as an abstract cow.

• And the fourth stage is simply geometric shapes inspired by a cow. 

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• Shape is an area enclosed by line, or seen as an area because of color or value changes.

• Shapes have 2-dimensions. • They can be geometric or

organic.

• This abstract painting has three people that are simplified into an arrangement of flat shapes. The artist used a variety of shapes in creating the painting that sort of fits together like a puzzle.

• Large, medium & small shapes

• Geometric & organic shapes • Flat & patterned shapes • Dark & light shapes • Positive & negative shapes • Outlined & unoutlined shapes

Shape

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Shape vs. Form – what is the difference?

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Form

Forms are 3-dimensional and they occupy space.

They can also give the illusion that they occupy the space in the case of

2-dimensional art.

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1.Geometric Shapes / Rectilinear Shapes..Most rectilinear shapes can be also called geometric shapes however one a couple of them are not. These are circles and ovals. Geometric shapes are usually man-made. The only natural ones I can think of are crystals and honey combs.

2.Organic Shapes / Curvilinear. They are all curving and flowing therefore we call them curvilinear shapes.Sometimes they can be called organic shapes. We can include circles and ovals.

These are usually natural shapes. Think of leaves, animal shapes, and plant shapes.

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Positive and Negative ShapesFigure / ground interaction

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• format edge?

• figure?

• positive shape?

• ground?

• negative shape?

• geometric shape?

• organic shape?

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Ambiguous figure/ground interactions

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Gestalt Principles of Design

- ‘Closure’- Perceiving an edge that is not there at all!

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 Positive and Negative Shapes

• All shapes are either positive or negative. The subject matter is the representational objects and are usually positive (like the sheep below). The background (black area) is the negative shape in the composition.

• In non-objective art, the positive shapes are usually the central, featured elements and the negative shapes surround them.

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• format edge?

• format shape?

• figures?

• positive shapes?

• ground?

• negative shapes?

• geometric shapes?

• organic shapes?

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• format edge?

• figure?

• positive shape?

• ground?

• negative shape?

• geometric shape?

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Checklist:• positive shapes

• negative shapes

• geometric shapes

• organic shapes

• patterned shapes

• textured shapes

• plain shapes

• high contrast between some shapes

• low contrast between other shapes

• bright shapes

• dull shapes

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SUMMARY OF POSTER ACTIVITIES

Arrange your own illustrations and content (theory) in a balanced and aesthetic manner.

A contemporary imbhenge

7. Positive and negative shapes (figure / ground interaction)8. Theory analysis of a contemporary imbhenge9. Compositional sketch of a painting.

1. Meaning (definition) of SHAPE & FORM

2. Implied line / edge / virtual line / guideline

3. Actual / real line / outline

4. Geometric / rectilinear shapes

5. Organic / curvilinear shapes

6. Shape and illusions of form (2-D & 3-D?)

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A contemporary imbhenge

What is an imbhenge?

Research the ‘Aesthethic-Usability Effect’

Symmetry is another principle of Art.Make a diagram to show the radial symmetry of this imbhenge. How exact is it? Use a protractor to check.

Beautiful things work better

Discuss how the artist uses • Colour and shape together.• Use the terminology you have learnt.

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Artist Théodore Gericault, uses organic shapes, but with a triangular composition.

Although there are many shapes in this artwork, the artist seems to focus on a triangular shape throughout.

The sitting position of the figure implies a large triangle. Then there are smaller triangular shapes in the bent of his arm, in the bottom half of his draped robe, and in the lapel of his shirt. And there are many more. Can you identify more of them?Activity:-Make a compositional sketch of this painting

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Open Form vs. Closed Form •Open form sculptures and pottery have negative space openings through the piece. Pottery is open form only if it has holes through it. The opening of a pot/vessel does not make it an open form. •Closed Form sculptures and pottery have no negative space/form piercing through it.

What are these examples of?

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• This sculpture involves curvilinear forms on a smooth surface. These are actual forms, that is, it's a photograph of the sculpture anyway.

• On the right, are diagrams of the sculpture that look like forms on a flat, 2-dimensional surface.

• The first image show the shape of the rounded stone but it becomes a form, an implied form, when it is shaded.

• The next illustration shows the overlapping of the organic forms.

• The last illustration shows the movement through the sculpture. The movement is caused by the open areas that lead the viewers eyes to the taller forms.


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