he/she does not appear in both thepapers of Civil Services (Prelim)Examination.Part-B Main ExaminationThe main Examination is intended toassess the overall intellectual traits anddepth of understanding of candidatesrather than merely the range of their infor-mation and memory.The nature and standard of questions inthe General Studies papers (Paper II toPaper V) will be such that a well-educat-ed person will be able to answer themwithout any specialized study. The ques-tions will be such as to test a candidate'sgeneral awareness of a variety of sub-jects, which will have relevance for acareer in Civil Services. The questionsare likely to test the candidate's basicunderstanding of all relevant issues andability to analyze and take a view on con-flicting socio- economic goals, objectivesand demands. The candidates must giverelevant, meaningful and succinctanswers.The scope of the syllabus for optionalsubject papers (Paper VI and Paper VII)for the examination is broadly of the hon-ours degree level i.e. a level higher thanthe bachelors' degree and lower than themasters' degree. In the case ofEngineering, Medical Science and law,the level corresponds to the bachelors'degree.Syllabi of the papers included in thescheme of Civil Services (Main)Examination are given as follows:-QUALIFYING PAPERS ON INDIANLANGUAGES AND ENGLISHThe aim of the paper is to test the candi-dates ability to read and understand seri-ous discursive prose, and express hisideas clearly and correctly, in English andIndian Language concerned.The pattern of questions would be broad-ly as follows :-(i) Comprehension of given passages (ii) Precis Writing(iii) Usage and Vocabulary(iv) Short EssaysIndian Languages :-(i) Comprehension of given passages (ii) Precis Writing(iii) Usage and Vocabulary(iv) Short Essays(v) Translation from English to the Indianlanguage and vice-versa.Note 1 : The Papers on IndianLanguages and English will be ofMatriculation or equivalent standard andwill be of qualifying nature only. Themarks obtained in these papers will notbe counted for ranking.Note 2 : The candidates will have toanswer the English and IndianLanguages papers in English and therespective Indian language (exceptwhere translation is involved).PAPER-IEssay: Candidates may be required towrite essays on multiple topics. They willbe expected to keep closely to the sub-ject of the essay to arrange their ideas inorderly fashion and to write concisely.Credit will be given for effective and exactexpression.PAPER-IIGeneral Studies- I: Indian Heritage andCulture, History and Geography of theWorld and Society.

Indian culture will cover the salientaspects of Art Forms, Literatureand Architecture from ancient tomodern times.Modern Indian history from aboutthe middle of the eighteenth cen-tury until the present- significantevents, personalities, issuesThe Freedom Struggle - its vari-ous stages and important contrib-utors /contributions from differentparts of the country.Post-independence consolidationand reorganization within thecountry.

History of the world will includeevents from 18th century such asindustrial revolution, world wars,redrawal of national boundaries,colonization, decolonization, politi-cal philosophies like communism,capitalism, socialism etc.- theirforms and effect on the society.Salient features of Indian Society,Diversity of India.Role of women and women'sorganization, population andassociated issues, poverty anddevelopmental issues, urbaniza-tion, their problems and theirremedies.Effects of globalization on Indiansociety Social empowerment, communal-ism, regionalism & secularism. Salient features of world's physi-cal geography. Distribution of key naturalresources across the world(including South Asia and theIndian sub-continent); factorsresponsible for the location of pri-mary, secondary, and tertiary sec-tor industries in various parts ofthe world (including India)Important Geophysical phenome-na such as earthquakes, Tsunami,Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.,geographical features and theirlocation- changes in critical geo-graphical features (includingwater-bodies and ice-caps) and inflora and fauna and the effects ofsuch changes.

PAPER-IIIGeneral Studies- II: Governance,Constitution, Polity, Social Justice andInternational relations.

Indian Constitution- historicalunderpinnings, evolution, fea-tures, amendments, significantprovisions and basic structure.Functions and responsibilities ofthe Union and the States, issuesand challenges pertaining to thefederal structure, devolution ofpowers and finances up to locallevels and challenges therein.Separation of powers betweenvarious organs dispute redressalmechanisms and institutions.Comparison of the Indian constitu-tional scheme with that of othercountriesParliament and State Legislatures- structure, functioning, conduct ofbusiness, powers & privileges andissues arising out of these.Structure, organization and func-tioning of the Executive and theJudiciary Ministries andDepartments of the Government;pressure groups and formal/infor-mal associations and their role inthe Polity. Salient features of theRepresentation of People's Act.Appointment to variousConstitutional posts, powers,functions and responsibilities ofvarious Constitutional Bodies. Statutory, regulatory and variousquasi-judicial bodiesGovernment policies and interven-tions for development in varioussectors and issues arising out oftheir design and implementation. Development processes and thedevelopment industry- the role ofNGOs, SHGs, various groups andassociations, donors, charities,institutional and other stakehold-ers Welfare schemes for vulnerablesections of the population by theCentre and States and the per-formance of these schemes;mechanisms, laws, institutionsand Bodies constituted for the pro-tection and betterment of thesevulnerable sections.Issues relating to developmentand management of Social

Sector/Services relating to Health,Education, Human Resources. Issues relating to poverty andhunger. Important aspects of governance,transparency and accountability,e-governance- applications, mod-els, successes, limitations, andpotential; citizens charters, trans-parency & accountability and insti-tutional and other measures.Role of civil services in a democ-racy.India and its neighborhood- rela-tions. Bilateral, regional and globalgroupings and agreements involv-ing India and/or affecting India'sinterests Effect of policies and politics ofdeveloped and developing coun-tries on India's interests, Indiandiaspora. Important International institu-tions, agencies and fora- theirstructure, mandate.

PAPER-IVGeneral Studies-III: Technology,Economic Development, Bio diversity,Environment, Security and DisasterManagement.

Indian Economy and issues relat-ing to planning, mobilization ofresources, growth, developmentand employment.Inclusive growth and issues aris-ing from it. Government Budgeting.Major crops cropping patterns invarious parts of the country, dif-ferent types of irrigation and irriga-tion systems storage, transportand marketing of agricultural pro-duce and issues and related con-straints; e-technology in the aid offarmersIssues related to direct and indi-rect farm subsidies and minimumsupport prices; Public DistributionSystem- objectives, functioning,limitations, revamping; issues ofbuffer stocks and food security;Technology missions; economicsof animal-rearing. Food processing and relatedindustries in India- scope and sig-nificance, location, upstream anddownstream requirements, supplychain management. Land reforms in India.Effects of liberalization on theeconomy, changes in industrialpolicy and their effects on industri-al growth.Infrastructure: Energy, Ports,Roads, Airports, Railways etc. Investment models. Science and Technology- devel-opments and their applicationsand effects in everyday life Achievements of Indians in sci-ence & technology; indigenizationof technology and developing newtechnology.Awareness in the fields of IT,Space, Computers, robotics,nano-technology, bio-technologyand issues relating to intellectualproperty rights.Conservation, environmental pol-lution and degradation, environ-mental impact assessment Disaster and disaster manage-ment.Linkages between developmentand spread of extremism.Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challengesto internal security. Challenges to internal securitythrough communication networks,role of media and social network-ing sites in internal security chal-lenges, basics of cyber security;money-laundering and its preven-tionSecurity challenges and theirmanagement in border areas;

linkages of organized crime withterrorismVarious Security forces and agen-cies and their mandate

PAPER-VGeneral Studies- IV: Ethics, Integrity,and Aptitude This paper will include questions to testthe candidates' attitude and approach toissues relating to integrity, probity in pub-lic life and his problem solving approachto various issues and conflicts faced byhim in dealing with society. Questionsmay utilise the case study approach todetermine these aspects. The followingbroad areas will be covered.

Ethics and Human Interface:Essence, determinants and con-sequences of Ethics in humanactions; dimensions of ethics;ethics in private and public rela-tionships. Human Values - les-sons from the lives and teachingsof great leaders, reformers andadministrators; role of family, soci-ety and educational institutions ininculcating values. Attitude: content, structure, func-tion; its influence and relation withthought and behaviour; moral andpolitical attitudes; social influenceand persuasion.Aptitude and foundational valuesfor Civil Service , integrity, impar-tiality and non-partisanship, objec-tivity, dedication to public service,empathy, tolerance and compas-sion towards the weaker-sections. Emotional intelligence-concepts,and their utilities and application inadministration and governance. Contributions of moral thinkers andphilosophers from India and world.Public/Civil service values andEthics in Public administration:Status and problems; ethical con-cerns and dilemmas in govern-ment and private institutions; laws,rules, regulations and conscienceas sources of ethical guidance;accountability and ethical gover-nance; strengthening of ethicaland moral values in governance;ethical issues in international rela-tions and funding; corporate gov-ernance. Probity in Governance: Concept ofpublic service; Philosophical basisof governance and probity;Information sharing and trans-parency in government, Right toInformation, Codes of Ethics,Codes of Conduct, Citizen'sCharters, Work culture, Quality ofservice delivery, Utilization of pub-lic funds, challenges of corruption. Case Studies on above issues.

PAPER-VI & PAPER VIIOptional Subject Papers I & II Candidates may choose any optionalsubject from amongst the list ofOptional Subjects given in para 2.

AGRICULTUREPAPER - I

Ecology and its relevance to man, naturalresources, their sustainable managementand conservation. Physical and socialenvironment as factors of crop distribu-tion and production. Agro ecology; crop-ping pattern as indicators of environ-ments. Environmental pollution and asso-ciated hazards to crops, animals andhumans. Climate change – Internationalconventions and global initiatives. Greenhouse effect and global warming.Advance tools for ecosystem analysis –Remote sensing (RS) and GeographicInformation Systems (GIS).Cropping patterns in different agro-climat-ic zones of the country. Impact of high-yielding and short-duration varieties on

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