Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
carlo vezzolipolitecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy
Learning Network on Sustainability
course System Design for Sustainabilitysubject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework
learning resource 1.3Evolution of sustainability within design
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
CONTENTS Low impact environmental impact materials/energiesProduct life cycle design/ecodesign(Product-service) system design for eco-efficiencyDesign for social equity and cohesionDesign for Sustainability: state of the artSDS: polimi/DIS projects
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
low impactmat./energies
design for social equity and
cohesion
system design for eco-efficiency
Product Life Cycle Design
ecodesign
widening the “object” to be designed
SUSTAINABILITY IN DESIGN ROLE: EVOLUTION (in industrially mature
countries)
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
1. LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MATERIALS/ENERGIES. NON-TOXIC. “NATURAL”. RECYCLABLE. RENEWABLE. BIO-DEGRADABLE
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
2. PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE DESIGN (ECODESIGN)
an extended design horizon
from product design
to the design of the product LIFE CYCLE stages
the design “reference”from product designto product’s “FUNCTION” design
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
LIFE CYCLEAPPROACH
manufac.
assemb.
finish
collection
reso
urce
’sac
hiev
ing
mater.
energy
produc.
package
trasp.
stora
ge
other product’s life cycle
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
FUNCTIONAL APPROACH
IS NOT THE PRODUCT TO BE DESIGNED (ASSESSED) BUT, THE WHOLE OF THE PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRODUCT AND FULFILLMENT OF A GIVEN FUNCTION
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
LCD: ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA/GUIDELINES (DEVELOPED)
RESOURCES MINIMISATION LOW IMPACT RESOURCES SELECTION
PRODUCT LIFE OPTIMISATION MATERIAL LIFE EXTENSION
DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY
LCD: METHODS AND TOOLS (DEVELOPED)
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
FROM PRODUCT INNOVATION (FUNCTION)
TO SYSTEM INNOVATION (PARTICULAR DEMAND “SATISFACTION”)
… BUT SUSTAINABILITY ASK FORRADICAL INNOVATIONS
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
3. (PRDUCT-SERVICE) SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICENCY
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
A DEFINITION OF PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEM
“the result of an innovation strategy, shifting the business focus from designing and selling physical products only, to designing and selling a system of products and services which are jointly capable of fulfilling specific client demands (satisfactions).”“system innovation can lead, throughout innovative stakeholders’ interactions, to system eco-efficiency.”
free pdf at: http://www.unep.fr/scp/publications/details.asp?id=WEB/0081/PA
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
PRDUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMA DEFINITION
“A PSS is a system of products, services, network of actors and supporting infrastructure that continuously strives to be competitive, satisfy customer needs and have a lower impact than traditional business models.”
[O. Mont, IIIEE]
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
AN EXAMPLE OFECO-EFFICENT SYSTEM INNOVATION
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
ARISTON + ENEL: PAY-PER-USE
payment is based on number of washes and includes: delivery of a washing machine at home (not owned), electricity supply (not directly paid), maintenance, up-grading and end-of-life collection.
the innovative interaction between the two companies and the client, make the companies’ interest to design and provide (and design) high efficient, long lasting, reusable and recyclable washing machines
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
(PRODUCT-SERVICE) SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
UNDERSTANDING OF WIN-WIN POTENTIAL:IS THE COMPANY/COMPANIES’ ECONOMIC AND COMPETITIVE INTEREST THAT LEAD TOWARDS INNOVATIONS THAT REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
- design an integrated system of products and services fulfilling a particular demand for “satisfaction”
- promote/facilitate new socio-economic stakeholder interactions/partnerships
- promote/facilitate participated design between different stakeholders
- ORIENTATE THE ABOVE PROCESSES TOWARDS AN ECO-EFFICIENT SOLUTION
… introducing system inn. in design for eco-efficiency ...
REQUIRES NEW (STRATEGIC) DESIGN SKILLS:
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
some methods/tools were developed for system design and to orientate it to sustainable solutions:
[EU RESEARCHES: MEPSS, HICS, PROSECCO, …]
METHODS ...
MEPSS, EU RESEARCH
van Halen, Vezzoli & Wimmer, Methodology for product service system innovation,Van Gorcum, Assen, The Netherlands, 2005
HiCS, EU RESEARCH
Manzini, Collina & Evans, Highly Customerised Solutions, Cranfield University, 2006
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
… TOOLS
www.sdo-lens.polimi.it
Sustainability system Design-Orienting
(SDO) toolkitStakeholder System Map
Interaction story board
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
where various forms of social inequality are directly addressed in the design process
4. DESIGN FOR SOCIAL EQUITY
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
DEFINITION OF DESIGN[ICSID, 2005>2009: AUTHORITATIVE]“design is a creative activity whose aim is to establish the multi-faceted qualities of objects, processes, services and their systems in whole life-cycles.... with the task of:. enhancing global sustainability and environmental protection (global ethics). giving benefits and freedom to the entire human community, individual and collective. supporting cultural diversity despite the globalisation of the world (cultural ethics). …”
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
MAIN APPROACHES OF DESIGN FOR SOCIAL EQUITY AND COHESION
. product design for low-income contexts and basics needs (design for BOP, etc.)
. design for social innovation, facilitating promising bottom-up initiatives
. system (stakeholder interaction) design for social equity and cohesion
. ...
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
“a product-service system innovation (approach) may act as a business opportunity to facilitate the process of a social-economical development in an emerging context - by jumping over the stage characterised by individual consumption/ownership of mass produced goods - towards a “satisfaction-based” and “low resource-intensity” advanced service-economy.”
UNEP, 2002: PSS FOR ALL
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
“a system innovation (approach) may act as a business opportunity to facilitate the process of a social-economical development in an emerging context - by jumping over the stage characterised by individual consumption/ownership of mass produced goods - towards a “satisfaction-based” and “low resource-intensity” advanced service-economy,characterized by the development of local-based and network-structured enterprises and initiatives, for a sustainable re-globalisation process aiming at a democratisation of access to resources, goods and services”.
LENS design research working hypothesis[based on UNEP, 2002]:
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
AN EXAMPLE OF SOCIO-ETHICAL + ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILE SYSTEM INNOVATIONS
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
GREENSTAR SOLAR E-COMMERCE AND COMMUNITY CENTREIndia (Parvatapur), Jamaica and GhanaA modular, scalable, highly portable “station” is delivered for villages in the developing world, as e-commerce centres. It is solar powered and connected to the web through a satellite or digital modem.Residents of remote rural communities can sell their wares world-wide and become shareholders in the Greenstar network.
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
Very few methods/tools has been developed to orientate design towards socially equitable solutions:
METHODS/TOOLS
UNEP, RESEARCH
TUD – UNEP, Design for Sustainability: A Practical Approach for Developing Economies, UNEP-DTI, 2006
MEPSS, EU RESEARCH, 2005
Tishner, socio-ethical dimension in Sustainability Design orienting toolkity, www.sdo-lens.polimi.it, 2005
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
CONSOLIDATION(research achievements)
(edu
catio
n an
d pr
actic
e)DI
SSEM
INAT
ION
100%
100%
0new research frontier …
low impactmat./energies
design for social equity and
cohesion
system design for eco-efficiency
Product Life Cycle Design
ecodesignwidening the “object” to
be
designed
… aim atSUSTAINABILITY IN DESIGN ROLE: STATE OF THE ART (in industrially mature countries)
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
POLIMI/DIS CONSULTANCIES/APPLIED RESEARCH IN SYSTEM DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
LESS WASTES: OTHER WAYS OF DOINGSCENARIOS AND SYSTEMS’ CONCEPTS OF UPSTREAM WASTES REDUCTION IN THE FOOD AND PAPER CHAINS IN THE CITY OF BRESCIA, ITALY
commissioned by:ASM-BRESCIA
existing existing system system analysisanalysis
eco-efficient eco-efficient scenarios and scenarios and system concept system concept developmentdevelopment
sustainabilitsustainability focused y focused ideas ideas generationgeneration
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
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and productionPre
-production- Distribution Disposal
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abridged LCA
ABRIDGED LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT
DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM INNOVATION INTRODUCTION AND DIFFUSION PATH
ECO-EFFICIENT SCENARIOS ELABORATION
commissioned by:
system innovation introd. and diffusion path
eco-efficient scenarios elaboration
PSS concept design
PSS engineering
PSS CONCEPT DESIGN AND ENGINEERING
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
ARCHIMEDE ENERGIA
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND CREATING PROTOTYPES
DESIGN OF ECO-EFFICIENT PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEMS
DEFINITION OF A STRATEGIC PATH FOR THE INTRODUCTION AND DIFFUSION OF THE DESIGNED SYSTEMS
product designproduct design
system designsystem design path to intro. and path to intro. and diffusion of diffusion of system system innovationinnovation
commissioned by:ARCHIMEDE ENERGIA
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
system designsystem design
product designproduct design
path to intro. and path to intro. and diffusion of diffusion of system innovationsystem innovation
coordinated by:MIT (USA)
INTRODUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY SYSTEMS IN EMERGING CONTEXTS
1. introduction of sustainable Mobility Management system in Bangalore2. introduction of sustainable Car sharing (+carpooling) system in Bangalore3. introduction of sustainable residential Carpooling system in Beijing
Carlo VezzoliPolitecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / Faculty of Design / Italy
system designsystem designproduct designproduct designsystem innovation system innovation introd. and diffusion introd. and diffusion pathpath
SYSTEM DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE PILOT PROJECT AIMING AT AN INTRODUCTION OF LOCALLY-BASED AND LONG LASTING MOBILITY SYSTEM FOR LOW INCOME CONTEXTS IN AFRICA
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
A Global UNIDO Network of University Chairs on Innovation
Politecnico di Milano
Cape Peninsula University of Technology