Career Development and Counselling Process
Employment Counselling Services
Department of Post-Secondary Education, Training and Labour
COURSE 121
NEW BRUNSWICK
Training ProgramCOURSE TITLE PREREQUISITE
Course 111: Career Development and Counselling Theories
None
Course 121: Career Development and Counselling Process
Course 111
Course 131: Career Development and Counselling Challenges
Course 121
Course 141: Using Labour Market Information in Employment Counselling
None
Course 151: Facilitating Client Learning None
Course 211: Assessment Instruments Course 111
Course 311: Work Search None
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 2
Icebreaker Activity
Give your full name and describe the place where you were born
Share your personal motto – and its meaning to you
State your expectations for this course
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 3
Learning Objectives and Competencies
Establish and maintain a collaborative relationship (S3.2.2)
Have knowledge of how change and transition affect clients moving through the career process (C3.1.3)
Incorporate your personal approach to service into the Employment Services Delivery Model in order to achieve client objectives (S3.2.4)
Deal with reluctant clients (C2.3.2)
Monitor clients’ progress (S3.2.5)
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 4
Stages of Skill Acquisition
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010
u i
c i
c c
u c
ui: Unconscious incompetenceci: Conscious incompetencecc: Conscious competenceuc: Unconscious competence
What happens when we learn …
5
Definition: Process
Method employed to obtain a certain result
Particular form which frames the unfolding of a process
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 6
Definition: Career Development
Career Development is the lifelong process of managing learning, work, leisure, and transitions in order to move forward a personally determined and evolving preferred future.
Canadian Standards and GuidelinesFor Career Development Practitioners
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 7
Definition of Counselling
Counselling is a way of entering into a relationship based on established principles and special knowledge in order to facilitate self-knowledge, acceptance and emotional growth and optimal development of personal resources. The final objective is to give the individual the opportunity to evolve toward a more satisfying way of life by increasing his or her own resources.
British Association for Counselling
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 8
Career Counselling
The process in which a counsellor works collaboratively to help clients clarify, specify, implement, and adjust to work-related decisions. Career counselling addresses the interaction of work with other life roles.
“Essential Elements of Career Counseling”, Amundson, Harris-Bowlsbey & Niles (2005, p.6)
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 9
Definition: Employment Counselling
Employment counselling refers to a problem-solving process addressing one or more of the following domains: career/occupational decision-making, skills enhancement, job search and employment maintenance. The purpose of Employment Counselling is to help clients improve their employability and self-sufficiency in the labour market
Canadian Standards and GuidelinesFor Career Development Practitioners
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 10
Employment Counselling
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 11
Client
Counsellor
Working Alliance
Spheres ProcessIdentification of Employability Need
Clarification of Employability Concern
Development of Employment Action Plan
Implementation of Employment Action Plan & Follow Up
Research shows that …
The quality of the working relationship and alliance is fundamental.
The interview is a process of interpersonal influence based on the counsellor’s competence as perceived by the client.
Recognition of the client’s subjective experience is a determining factor.
The counsellor’s personal characteristics are 8 time more important than technique.
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 12
Importance of Variables in Change
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 13
Counsellor25%
Tech.
10%
Client
65%
Counsellor; 25%
Tech; 10%Client; 65%
Lambert, Shapiro and Bergin, 1986
Source: Savard, R. (2006). Course Notes – OIS 715,Université de Sherbrooke
My Personal Style
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 14
ME !!!!
Alonzo’s Philosophy
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 15
Pearl of the day …
Working Alliance
The working alliance between a counsellor and a client implies:• Agreement on the goals to be achieved.
• Agreement on the tasks to be performed to reach those goals.
• Establishment of an emotional bond involving respect and trust.
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 16
Please
PROTECTING … LISTENING … ENQUIRING … ACKNOWLEDGING … SUPPORTING … EXCHANGING …
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 17
Employability Dimensions
Career decision-making Skills enhancement Job search Employment maintenance
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 18
Employment Service Delivery Process
Phase 1: Determination of employability need
Phase 2: Clarification of employability concern
Phase 3: Development of the employment action plan
Phase 4: Implementation of the employment action plan and follow up
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 19
William BridgesProcess of transition
Current state Desired state
Loss Renewal
DisengagementDisidentificationDisenchantmentDisorientation
Neutrality Action
Introspective reflection
Anxiety Confusion
(NEW BALANCE)(IMBALANCE)
RENEWAL NEUTRALLOSSESRENEWAL
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 20
James ProchaskaStages of change
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 21
Lifelong career development
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 22
The career rainbow
Ethics
A system of values Rules/Standards governing the conduct
of members of our profession
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 23
Ethical Practice
Personal Values Judgements Knowledge of Obligations
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 24
5-Step Ethical Decision-Making Process
1. Recognize that an ethical dilemma exists.
2. Identify the relevant ethical issues, all of the parties involved and the corresponding pertinent ethical principles from the Code of Ethics.
3. Examine the risks and benefits of each alternative action.
4. Choose a solution, take action and evaluate the results.
5. Learn from the situation.
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 25
Ethical Fitness
… is the capacity to recognize the nature of a challenge and respond with a
robust understanding of the dilemma especially when several options have
ethical foundations.
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 26
Theory Capsule: Research shows that effective counsellors …
Identify objectives and develop a work plan collaboratively with their clients.
Perform relevant tasks in a concerted fashion. Ensure a reliable connection that promotes emotional engagement. Establish, re-establish, and maintain a working alliance. Are emotionally available and accepting of their client’s experience. Know how to provide clients with the unique experience of being
validated, understood, and supported in their thinking and decision-making process.
Source: Savard, R. (2007). Course notes – OIS Counselling de carrière,Winter, Université de Sherbrooke
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 27
Theory Capsule: Research shows that effective counsellors … (contd.)
Are understanding and supportive during the destabilizing process of change, talking the client’s characteristics into account.
Offer optimum interventions, based on the context. Regulate their own mental and emotional health. Are always available to learn and change their practice and to
broaden their knowledge and know-how. Are able to recognize people’s complexity, changeability, and
uniqueness. Are constantly developing their introspective consciousness of
self in action.Source: Savard, R. (2007). Course notes – OIS Counselling de carrière,
Winter, Université de Sherbrooke
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 28
Theory Capsule: Research shows that effective counsellors … (contd.)
And additionally …
The more counsellors limit themselves to rational aspects and the client’s cognitions, the fewer positive results they will obtain (it is important to consider all aspects of a client’s situation).
The more counsellors adhere strictly to a specific model or approach, the more compromised the alliance and the client’s progress will be (models are flexible tools in the service of the counselling process).
Source: Savard, R. (2007). Course notes – OIS Counselling de carrière,Winter, Université de Sherbrooke
COURSE 121 – Career Development and Counselling Process – December 2010 29