11.3.10
Agenda
The Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment and Revolution
1550 - 1789
The Roots of Modern Science
Drill - would you deny an idea you knew was true?
Section 1: The Scientific Revolution
Homework – Just READ ch. 10, section 1
Pages 302 - 309
Chapter 10: Revolution and Enlightenment1550 - 1789
The Medieval ViewThe earth = center of universeSun revolves around earthGeocentric idea came from AristotleChristianity suggested that earth was the
center of everything and God had intentionally made it that way
Geocentric ModelAristotleThe Earth = Center of universe
Scientific RevolutionNew way of thinking about the natural
worldSparked when Muslim scholarly work was
translated during Middle AgesRenaissance and printing press helped
spread ideas that were previously repressed by the church
Scientists observed the world and started to challenge ancient beliefs
Revolutionary Model of UniverseCopernicus Heliocentric version of Universe »
Heliocentric Theory Geocentric idea did NOT explain why the
moon, sun and planets all movedCopernicus was the first one to think that
everything revolved around the sun, not the earth
Kepler came after Copernicus died, and used mathematical formulas to figure out planetary motion
Galileo’s DiscoveriesEach swing of a pendulum takes the same
amount of timeFalling objects move at a Fixed and predictable ratePublished a book called Starry MessengerDescribed that the moon and stars are not smooth, rather rough and
uneven
Conflicts with the ChurchGalileo went against church teachings
and authoritiesHad to go in front of the Pope after he
published the ideas of both Copernicus and Ptolemy – his ideas were against the church’s beliefs
Galileo signed a confession in front of the court saying he denied Copernicus. The church and its cardinals threatened him with torture if he didn’t take back his ideas… so Galileo did. Alas, he was a bit of a wuss.
GalileoNot a great looking
guy, but how smart was he?
I would lie under oath to avoid torture. Wouldn’t you?
The Scientific MethodFrancis Bacon New approach to
scienceLogical procedure
for gathering and testing ideas
Bacon loved science and believed the more people learned of the world, the more people’s lives would be improved
Using your notes and only your notes, make FIVE questions that I can use on tomorrow’s quiz.
This will be collected
More Scientific RevolutionBacon didn’t believe in anything without a
reasonable experimentEmpiricism = experimental method, that
conclusions should only come from proof
Scientific Revolutionaries Decartes Used math and logic Came up with the idea “I
think, therefore I am.”
Isaac Newton Great English scientist Developed the theory of
motion
The Law of GravityThe same force rules the planets,
pendulums, Ms. Hooks’ wheelchair etc.Discovered the “law of universal
gravitation” – every object in the universe attracts every other object, the degree depends on the mass and distance between them
Compared universe to a complex clock and said God was the Great Clockmaker
The Scientific Revolution SpreadsPeople invented
microscopes and figured out how to read temperature
Figured out a lot about the human body, too
Boyle = science guy who figured out Boyle’s law
Robert Boyle
More discoveriesAnother guy figured out how to separate
pure gas from air: gas oxygenOrderly, rational and industrious people –
saw themselves as “enlightened”Leads us into the Enlightenment…