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Android Overview
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Why Mobile App Development?
The fact that we can! Only a few years ago you had tobe in the Motorola inner circle to do it!
Mobile platform is the platform of the future
Double-digit growth in world-wide smartphone ownership3
Job market is hot Market for mobile software surges from $4.1 billion in 2009 to
$17.5 billion by 20121
2010 Dice.com survey: 72% of recruiters looking for iPhone appdevelopers, 60% for Android1
Dice.com: mobile app developers made $85,000 in 2010 andsalaries expected to rise2
Students (and faculty!) are naturally interested!1
http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2010/tc20101020_639668.htm2 http://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencies3http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1466313
http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2010/tc20101020_639668.htmhttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1466313http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1466313http://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://it-jobs.fins.com/Articles/SB129606993144879991/Mobile-App-Developers-Wanted-at-Ad-Agencieshttp://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2010/tc20101020_639668.htmhttp://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/oct2010/tc20101020_639668.htm7/27/2019 11111 Android Ppt
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Why Android?
A lot of students have them
2010 survey by University of CO1: 22% of collegestudents have Android phone (26% Blackberry, 40%
iPhone) Gartner survey2: Android used on 22.7% of
smartphones sold world-wide in 2010 (37.6%Symbian, 15.7% iOS)
Students already know Java and Eclipse Low learning curve
CS0 students can useApp Inventorfor Android
1http://testkitchen.colorado.edu/projects/reports/smartphone/smartphone-appendix1/2http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1543014
http://appinventor.googlelabs.com/about/http://testkitchen.colorado.edu/projects/reports/smartphone/smartphone-appendix1/http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1543014http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1543014http://testkitchen.colorado.edu/projects/reports/smartphone/smartphone-appendix1/http://testkitchen.colorado.edu/projects/reports/smartphone/smartphone-appendix1/http://testkitchen.colorado.edu/projects/reports/smartphone/smartphone-appendix1/http://appinventor.googlelabs.com/about/7/27/2019 11111 Android Ppt
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Why Android?
Transferring app to phone is trivial
Can distribute by putting it on the web
Android Market for wider distribution
Its not 1984
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Types of
Android
Devices
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Brief History
1996
The WWW already had websites with color andimages
But, the best phones displayed a couple of linesof monochrome text!
Enter:
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) stripped downHTTP for bandwidth reduction
Wireless Markup Language (WML) stripped downHTML for content
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Brief History
Many issues (WAP = Wait And Pay)
Few developers to produce content (it wasnt fun!)
Really hard to type in URLs using the smallkeyboards
Data fees frightfully expensive
No billing mechanism content difficult to
monetize Other platforms emerged
Palm OS, Blackberry OS, J2ME, Symbian(Nokia), BREW, OS X iPhone, Windows Mobile
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Brief History - Android
2005 Google acquires startup Android Inc. to start Android platform Work on Dalvik VM begins
2007
Open Handset Alliance announced Early look at SDK
2008 Google sponsors 1st Android Developer Challenge T-Mobile G1 announced
SDK 1.0 released Android released open source (Apache License) Android Dev Phone 1 released
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Brief History cont.
2009 SDK 1.5 (Cupcake)
New soft keyboard with autocomplete feature
SDK 1.6 (Donut) Support Wide VGA
SDK 2.0/2.0.1/2.1 (Eclair) Revamped UI, browser
2010 Nexus One released to the public SDK 2.2 (Froyo)
Flash support, tethering
SDK 2.3 (Gingerbread) UI update, system-wide copy-paste
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Brief History cont.
2011
SDK 3.0/3.1/3.2 (Honeycomb) for tablets only
New UI for tablets, support multi-core processors
SDK 4.0/4.0.1/4.0.2/4.0.3 (Ice Cream Sandwich)
Changes to the UI, Voice input, NFC
Ice cream SandwiAndroid 4.0+
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The Android Developer
Website
http://developer.android.com/index.html
This should be your homepage for the nextsemester!
http://developer.android.com/index.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/index.html7/27/2019 11111 Android Ppt
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Distribution of Devices
Data collected during a 14-day period ending on January 3, 2012
http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-
versions.html
http://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.htmlhttp://developer.android.com/resources/dashboard/platform-versions.html7/27/2019 11111 Android Ppt
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What is Google Android?
A software stack for mobile devices that includes An operating system Middleware Key Applications
Uses Linux to provide core system services Security Memory management Process management Power management Hardware drivers
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Mobile Devices: Advantages (as
compared to fixed devices)
Always with the user
Typically have Internet access
Typically GPS enabled Typically have accelerometer & compass
Most have cameras & microphones
Many apps are free or low-cost
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Mobile Devices: Disadvantages
Limited screen size
Limited battery life
Limited processor speed
Limited and sometimes slow network access Limited or awkward input: soft keyboard, phone
keypad, touch screen, or stylus
Limited web browser functionality Range of platforms & configurations across
devices
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Android Apps
Built using Java and new SDK libraries
No support for some Java libraries like Swing &AWT
Oracle currently suing Google over use
Java code compiled into Dalvik byte code(.dex)
Optimized for mobile devices (better memorymanagement, battery utilization, etc.)
Dalvik VM runs .dex files
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Building and running (more
details)
Expandfigure
Android InterfaceDefinitionLanguage (AIDL)Definitions toexchange databetweenapplications (thinkSOAP)
http://developer.android.com/guide/de
veloping/building/index.html#detailed-
build
Android Asset Packing Tool
Allows processes acrossapps to communicate.
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Applications Are Boxed
By default, each app is run in its own Linuxprocess
Process started when apps code needs to be
executed Threads can be started to handle time-consuming
operations
Each process has its own Dalvik VM
By default, each app is assigned unique Linux ID
Permissions are set so apps files are only visible to
that app
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Publishing and Monetizing
Paid apps in Android Market, various othermarkets
Free, ad-supported apps in Android Market Ad networks (Google AdMob, Quattro Wireless) Sell your own ads
Services to other developers Ex. Skyhook Wireless
(http://www.skyhookwireless.com/) Contests (Android Developer Challenge) Selling products from within your app
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Android Market
http://www.android.com/market/
Has various categories, allows ratings
Have both free/paid apps
Featured apps on web and on phone
The Android Market (and iTunes/App Store) is
great for developers Level playing field, allowing third-party apps
Revenue sharing
http://www.android.com/market/http://www.android.com/market/7/27/2019 11111 Android Ppt
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Publishing to Android Market
Requires Google Developer Account
$25 fee
Link to a Merchant Account
Google Checkout
Link to your checking account
Google takes 30% of app purchase price
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Android Design Philosophy
Applications should be: Fast
Resource constraints:
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Leveraging the web
To keep your apps fast and responsive,consider how you can leverage the web
What ____________ can be ________ on a
server or in the cloud? Tasks/performed
Data/persisted
Data/retrieved
Beware, data transfer is also expensive and canbe slow
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Apple vs. Google
Open Handset Alliance
30+ technology companies
Commitment to openness, shared vision, and
concrete plans
Compare with Mac/PC battles
Similar (many PC manufacturers, one Apple)
Different (Microsoft sells Windows, Google givesaway Android)