© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
1
Name: __________________________________
Date: ________________________
Class: _______________
IB ESS
1.1 Environmental Value Systems
Significant Ideas: Historical events, among other influences, affect the development of environmental value systems and environmental movements.
There is a wide spectrum of environmental value systems each with their own premises and applications.
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
2
What is an EVS
1. Define “Environmental Value System”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Look at the systems diagram for an EVS. Add any additional inputs and outputs that you can think of.
(Hints: think about what things influence a person’s knowledge and opinions on the environment.)
3. Define the following value systems
Ecocentric
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anthropocentric
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A person’s environmental values
education opinions of friends
decision to recycle waste
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
3
Technocentric
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Summarise the viewpoint of the following types of people
Cornucopians
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Environmental Managers
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Deep ecologists
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
4
The rate of extinctions world-wide is currently very high; the number of species going extinct is currently a lot more than it has been through most of geological time. This high extinction rate is largely a consequence of human activities.
5. Complete the table to summarise the possible viewpoints of the following types of people.
Tec
hn
oc
en
tris
ts
It’s
no
t a
ma
jor p
rob
lem
. Sp
ec
ies
are
go
ing
ext
inc
t b
ec
au
se o
f p
ollu
tan
ts, d
efo
rest
atio
n e
tc. b
ut
the
se a
ctiv
itie
s a
re t
he
resu
lt o
f e
co
no
mic
de
velo
pm
en
t a
nd
th
is is
p
erh
ap
s m
ore
imp
ort
an
t th
at
co
nse
rvin
g s
om
e s
pe
cie
s
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
An
thro
po
ce
ntr
ists
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
Eco
ce
ntr
ists
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
C
ha
ng
e o
ur l
ifest
yle
: we
ne
ed
to
u
se f
ew
er h
arm
ful c
he
mic
als
, sto
p
bu
rnin
g f
oss
il fu
els
etc
. We
ne
ed
to
a
cc
ep
t h
avi
ng
fe
we
r lu
xurie
s in
o
rde
r to
sto
p p
ollu
ting
th
e
en
viro
nm
en
t a
nd
de
stro
yin
g
na
tura
l ha
bita
ts.
Wh
y is
th
is
a
pro
ble
m?
Wh
at
sho
uld
we
d
o a
bo
ut
it?
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
5
6. Choose two of the above environmental value systems and evaluate their implications for the situation stated.
This is a good opportunity to practice the “section B” (from paper 2) essay marking criteria.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
6
Historical Influences on EVSs
1. Draw a timeline to mark some of the major events in history that have influenced environmental value systems. As a minimum, you must include the following (but you are encouraged to add others):
The agricultural revolution, the industrial revolution, the green revolution, founding of Greenpeace, Carson’s “Silent Spring” published, at least two major
environmental disasters
© A. Nixon 2016
ScienceSauceOnline.com
7
What is your EVS?
1. What is your environmental value system? Justify your opinion using examples of environmental systems.
Note: You may have a combination of different viewpoints, this is fine. There is no wrong answer when giving your opinion but you do need to be able to justify it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________