January 10 1 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

1.04 Water revisited, Where does it go

Dr. Fred Omega Garces Chemistry 111

Chemistry and Society

January 10 2 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

Exploring our Water Supply

California interconnected water system serves over 30 million

people and irrigates over

5,680,000 acres (2,300,000 ha)

of farmland. As the world’s

largest, most productive, and most controversial water system,

it manages over 40,000,000 acre

feet (49 km3) of water per year.

Map of water storage and delivery facilities as well as major rivers and cities in the state of California

January 10 3 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

LA Scandal for Water Everyone who lives here should appreciate just how it is that we are able to live in a desert that is drier than Beirut, yet still maintain green lawns and golf courses and have enough running water to serve the population of the 2nd largest metropolis in the whole of the US. Southern California owes its tenuous existence to some spectacular feats of engineering, which bring water in from remote sources hundreds of miles away. Before these were constructed, the city of LA was reliant upon the intermittent flows of the Los Angeles river which effectively limited population growth.

There are 3 main water sources coming into the SoCal serving different geographic regions: Los Angeles Aqueduct - constructed in 1908-1913 Colorado Aqueduct - constructed around 1940 California Aqueduct- constructed in the 1970s

January 10 4 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

Cadillac Desert; Owen’s Valley and Mulholland

Cadillac Desert. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkbebOhnCjA

Here's a statistic: the State of California consumes more energy pumping water around, than some other

states use for their entire energy needs

January 10 5 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

Our Water Supply Water, where does it come from and where does it go?

January 10 6 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

Waste Water Treatment

January 10 7 Solid-Liquid-Gas, Phase change

Summary Chemistry has an impact on our daily lives and the world in which we live. Studying chemistry helps us better understand our role in the global society. Matter is the physical material of the universe and can exist in the solid, liquid, or gas states. Matter consists of either pure substances (elements and compounds) or mixtures. Elements are characterized by having atoms that are identical. Elements are represented by symbols that are usually derived from the first few letters of their modern or familiar name, although some are derived from Latin names.

The periodic table is divided into the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. All elements belonging to a class have similar properties. Metals have the ability to conduct electricity whereas nonmetals do not conduct electricity. Compounds are made up of two or more atoms of different elements bonded together. Chemical formulas indicate each element in the compound and the number of each type of atom.

Mixtures can be classified as heterogeneous or homogeneous. A heterogeneous mixture is one that has a different chemical makeup from one region of a sample to another, whereas a homogeneous mixture is uniform throughout. Mixtures can be separated into their components by physical methods such as filtering, evaporation, or thin-layer chromatography.

When investigating matter and the changes that it undergoes, scientists use a systematic, logical approach to problem solving called the scientific method. The scientific method consists of collecting data, making a hypothesis, and testing the hypothesis.