SOLID WASTE SAMPLINGSOLID WASTE SAMPLING
ReferencesReferences
• Guidance on the Methodology for Waste Composition
Analysis
• Solid Waste Stream Composition Analysis
• Malaysia Standard
MS 1785:2008 – Guide for general planning of waste
sampling
MS 2505:2012 – GUIDELINES FOR SAMPLING OF
HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE - COMPOSITION AND
CHARACTERISATION ANALYSIS
MAIN ASPECTSMAIN ASPECTS
1. What are the sampling points?
2. How much sample required?
3. What are the sampling procedure /
report?
Sampling PointSampling Point
• Waste as generated
– Produced from sources (including retained & discarded)
• Waste as discarded
– Placed at collection point to be collected
• Waste as disposed
– Collected from collection point to waste facilities
• Waste as retained
– Not discarded at the collection point & temporarily kept at premises (recycle / reuse)
Sampling PointSampling Point
• Factor taken into account:
– Festival
– Nature (e.g: flood)
– Sampling area:
• Nursery, grocery, caterer, household
Sample RequiredSample Required
http://www.surveysystem.com/sscalc.htm
Sampling ProcedureSampling Procedure
• At household (waste as generated & as discarded)
– Randomly row of houses determined for the waste as generated & waste as discarded in the study area; provided bags for sampling periods (e.g: Sunday to Saturday for 1 week)
• At disposal site (waste as disposed)– Truck load (Full load or Cone & Quarter)
Sampling ProcedureSampling Procedure
0.8 m high
uniformly
waste pile
(without the
bulky item)
Removed two
opposite quarter
& repeat for the
remaining two
quarter until
about 200 kg
Sorting & ReportingSorting & Reporting
• Sorting: weighted 3 times & averaged
• Reporting:
– Able to show waste flow (from generated to
discarded & disposed)
– Show all 15 components of waste composition
– Proposed format for pre-study or any other data
Waste ComponentsWaste Components
15 Waste Compositions:
1) Food/organic waste
2) Papers
3) Tetrapek
4) Plastics film
5) Plastics rigid
6) Napkins
7) Textiles
8) Rubber
9) Leather
10) Wood
11) Garden
12) Glass
13) Metal
14) Household hazardous waste
15) Others
Bulky Waste:
1) Furniture
2) E-waste
3) Garden
4) Other
Properties of wasteProperties of waste
1) Physical
• Density, moisture, size
2) Chemical
• Proximate (Moisture, VM, FC & Ash), Ultimate (C, H, O, N, S & Ash), Energy Content, Calorific Value, C/N Ratio
3) Biological
• Water soluble constitutents, Hemicellulose, Cellulose, Fats, Lignin, Lignocellulose & Proteins
Company
LOGO
ASSIGNMENTASSIGNMENT
1. How much waste you produced in a day?
2. What type of waste and the percentage?
3. Recyclability of the waste?
* 3 hours lecture periods
* For 10% carry marks
1. What are the sampling points?
2. How much sample required?
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
1. What are the sampling points?
Your own waste (no outside, smelly collection)
2. How much sample required?
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
1. What are the sampling points?
Your own waste (no outside, smelly collection)
2. How much sample required?
One rubbish bag (provided)
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
1. What are the sampling points?
Your own waste (no outside, smelly collection)
2. How much sample required?
One rubbish bag (provided)
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
Sort, weight, analysis, write-up and submit the report
1. What are the sampling points?
Your own waste (no outside, smelly collection)
2. How much sample required?
One rubbish bag (provided)
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
Sort, weight, analysis, write-up and submit the report
in just 10 minutes (5 min sorting & 5 min writing)
1. What are the sampling points?
Your own waste (no outside, smelly collection)
2. How much sample required?
One rubbish bag (provided)
3. What are the sampling procedure / report?
Sort, weight, analysis, write-up and submit the report
in just 10 minutes (5 min sorting & 5 min writing)
(hardly any effort, no reading, no thinking, no brain
power required, NO MARKS)
1. How much waste you produced in a day?
Value: Too low, too high ???? Differences ????? Reasons ?????? Specific
event/birthday on the sampling day ???
2. What type of waste and the percentage?
Bottle (????)……is that the 16th waste category + few others new waste
categories ?????
Percentage: Any differences with common MSW categories ?????
3. Recyclability of the waste?
Statement: paper, glass, plastic can be recycled….do you even know what
kind of papers, plastics or wastes that can be recycle ??????
Is that kind of waste existed in your sample ?????
Any specific waste in your sample & can it be recycle ?????
Can you possibly achieve 22% recycle rate with your waste ??????
each questions just present more QUESTION MARKS, rather than MARK