2. Wind and water weather rocks to form soil. Most living
animals and plants live and grow on the surface of the earth. Water
flows over the ground. Soil erosion causes more soil particles in
the water run-off. Birds fly through the air. Most living plants
and animals depend on air from the atmosphere to live. Humidity is
moisture In the air. Precipitates: water move through the
atmosphere as part of the water cycle. Living plants and animals
need water. Some plants and animals live in the water.
3. The Lithosphere
4. What is the atmosphere What is the Lithosphere? means
rocks
5. The Lithosphere Consists of the solid upper mantle and the
crust. About 5 80 km deep. Thin layer on top is the soil, on
average only a few meters deep. Mixture of weathered rocks and
minerals. Organic substances derived from decayed plant material
and animal waste.
6. An important part of the soil is living matter. Plants that
grow in the soil require nutrients
7. The crust is divided into plates that contain the continents
and oceans.
8. The crust contains our non-renewable fossil fuels and
valuable minerals.
9. The rock cycle
10. The rock cycle isthenatural continuousprocess in which
rocks form, are broken down and re-form overlongperiodsoftime.
Definition
11. 1 Magma is pushed to the surface by volcanoes. Once the
magma reaches the surface, it is called LAVA.
12. 2 Pools of magma cool down slowly in the crust to form
igneous rocks.
13. 3 Hot, molten lava cool down fast and form volcanic
rocks.
14. Smaller crystals form through fast cooling such as
pumice.
15. 4
16. 5 Wind and water and/or ice transport these particles to
floodplains and the sea by erosion.
17. 6 The pressure of many layers changes the bottom layers
into sediments.
18. 7
19. 8
20. Types of rock Igneous MetamorphicSedimentary
21. Igneous Rock Forms from molten rock. Properties:
Crystalline Difficult to break
22. Sedimentary Rock Forms from sediment particles that are
deposited by water, wind or ice. Formed under great pressure no
heat is involved. Properties: Found in layers Often contains
fossils
23. Metamorphic Rock Rock that started as igneous or
sedimentary. Forms due to immense heat and/or pressure of the
earths crust. Properties: Crystalline Compressed structure
24. A mineral Definition is a natural solid with a definite
chemical composition. Itoccursascrystals and has a specific
structure.
25. Ores Definition are rocks that like precious stones and
metals