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STANDARDIZATION
Standardization is the process of establishing a technical standards which could be
• Standard specification,
• Standard test method,
• Standard definition,
• Standard procedure or practice, etc.
By using standardization, provider and user can
easily communicate through the set guidelines
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FUNCTIONS OF STANDARDS
• Make the development, manufacturing and supply of products and
services more efficient, safer and cleaner
• Facilitate trade between countries and make it fairer
• Provide governments with a technical base for health, safety and
environmental legislation, and conformity assessment
• Share technological advances and good management practice
• Disseminate innovation
• Safeguard consumers, and users in general, of products and services
• Make life simpler by providing solutions to common problems
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BENEFITS OF STANDARDS• For businesses, the widespread adoption of International Standards means
that suppliers can develop and offer products and services meeting
specifications that have wide international acceptance in their sectors.
Therefore, businesses using International Standards can compete on many
more markets around the world.
• For innovators of new technologies, International Standards on aspects like
terminology, compatibility and safety speed up the dissemination of
innovations and their development into manufacturable and marketable
products.
• For customers, the worldwide compatibility of technology which is achieved
when products and services are based on International Standards gives them
a broad choice of offers. They also benefit from the effects of
competition among suppliers.
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BENEFITS OF STANDARDS
• For governments, International Standards provide the technological and scientific
bases underpinning health, safety and environmental legislation.
• For trade officials, International Standards create guideline for all competitors in
the markets. The existence of divergent national or regional standards can create
technical barriers to trade. International Standards are the technical means by
which political trade agreements can be put into practice.
• For developing countries, International Standards that represent an international
consensus on the state of the art are an important source of technological know-
how. By defining the characteristics that products and services will be expected to
meet on export markets, International Standards give developing countries a basis
for making the right decisions when investing their scarce resources and thus
avoid squandering them.
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NONWOVEN
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A nonwoven is a sheet of fibres, continuous
filaments, of any nature or origin, that have
been formed into a web and bonded together
by mechanical, chemical or thermal means
NONWOVEN
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Nonwovens have specific characteristics that allow them to deliver high-
performance across a wide range of applications. Specific functions include:
- absorbency, - liquid repellency,
- resilience, - stretch,
- softness, - strength,
- flame retardancy, - washability (selective products),
- cushioning, - filtering,
- bacterial barrier and sterility
The versatility of nonwovens means that they can provide innovative,
cost-effective and sometimes unexpected answers to innumerable
business challenges.
NONWOVEN
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Specific properties can be achieved by selecting raw materials and methods or
by applying finishing treatments to nonwovens, such as printing, embossing,
molding, coating & laminating etc.
METHODOLOGY
The development of STANDARDS is on going and long term process.
The process will begin and proceed further with following steps:
• Identification of areas / properties to be standardizes:
– The important feed back is from industries which are facing problems
during day to day activity of manufacturing and trading nationally and
internationally. This will directly help to concentrate particular area.
– Comparing International Standards available, for evaluation of nonwoven
fabric and products, of various organisation including INDA and EDANA
with BIS will give detailed idea about absenteeism of standards available.
– Feed back from TRAs, COEs and the organizations involved in research will
give clear concept about requirement of standards for near future.
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PROPERTIES IDENTIFIED
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Absorption Repellency Nonwoven Absorption - Absorbency, Absorptive Capacity, Wicking Rate
Water Resistance: Impact Penetration Test
Nonwoven Absorption - Centrifuge Retention Capacity
Water Resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test
Nonwoven Absorption - Absorption Under Pressure
Surfaces and Biological
Abrasion Resistance Colonies Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics - Taber Abrasion
BEE (Bacterial Entrapment Efficiency)
Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics - Martindale Abrasion (View test)
Stiffness
Bursting Strength Cantilever Diaphragm Method (Mullen) Tear Strength Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse) Elmendorf Ball Burst (Constant-Rate-of-Extension) Trapezoid Chemical Analysis Tongue Component Analysis Tensile Strength Moisture Grab Ash Seam Strength Image Analysis Strip Fiber diameter distribution Thickness Porosity, apertures and hole analysis Nonwovens Formation Analysis Weight Permeability Per Unit Area (Basis Weight) Air Permeability Coefficient of Friction Water Vapor Transmission Static and Kinetic Nonwoven Coverstock Liquid Strike-Through – Rate; Simulated Urine
AREAS TARGETED
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• Development of Standards for Nonwoven
Fabric
• Development of Standards for Nonwoven
Products
• Products Specifications
DRAFT FORMULATION
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• A committee comprising of 15 members with five experts from each of the following categories
– Academicians, TRAs and COEs– Nonwovens fabric manufacturing Industry and– User / Converting industry
• Based on laboratory experimentations, test results, statistical evaluations, data collected; initial draft will be formulated and opened to industry, users and research organisation for feed back
• The nonwoven is basic technology used as intermediate product for various applications. Therefore, we expect the involvement of other COEs to achieve the targets.
• In due course of time with involvement and consultation / recommendation of BIS representative draft will be finalized for publication.
Thank you.
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