© Arthrell 2000
A slide show to accompany the study of poetry in Mrs. Arthrell’s classes at
Woodland Hills High School
IMPORTANT!
Take notes on the terms and definitions that you see in this slide show!
Not only will the notes be useful in every part of our poetry study, but you’ll also get a grade on your notes
Question:
What if your teacher told you that you were going to have a test on September 31st?
Or April 31st, June 31st, November 31st, or February 29th?
Why shouldn’t you be worried?
For many people, the answer is found in this POEM ……
30 days hath September,
April, June and November,
All the rest have 31
Except February alone,
Which has 28 in fine,
And each leap year 29.
There is no 31st of September!
POETRY IS ALL AROUND US!
That was just to show you in a very small way that poetry is more a part of your life than you might think!
You may be thinking, “Oh yuk!I HATE poetry!”
Hmmm…why?
Reasons to HATE poetry:
It DOES or DOESN’T rhymeIt’s too hard to understandIt’s about weird or stupid things“We have to do it”It uses really weird languageIt’s irrelevant - it’s not about anything I
really care about
Here’s a poem that:
sort of rhymesuses no hard words is really easy to understand is or was really popular is about something you all know and care
aboutpeople actually paid to hear
I Want to Hold Your Hand by John Lennon & Paul McCartney
Oh, yeah, I’ll tell you something
I think you’ll understand
When I say that something,
I wanna hold your hand,
I wanna hold your hand,
I wanna hold your hand
Oh please say to me
You’ll let me be your man.
And please say to me,
You’ll let me hold your hand,
Now let me hold your hand,
I wanna hold your hand.
(“Bridge”)
And when I touch you I feel happy inside,
It’s such a feeling that my love I can’t hide,
I can’t hide, I can’t hide.
Yeah you got that something,
I think you’ll understand,
When I say that something, I wanna hold your hand,
I wanna hold your hand,I wanna hold your hand.
(Repea t Bridge)
Yeah you got that something,
I think you’ll understand,
When I feel that something, I wanna hold your hand,
I wanna hold your hand, I wanna hold your hand.
That’s an old Beatles song! My
parents listened to that!
Yes, it is. But it’s also a POEM, just like the music you
listen to today. Hopefully, we can look at some of that poetry. So
let’s get started!
That is soo old! Like
1963!
No, Dude – your grandparents!
Before we start…A few thoughts on
READING A POEM
(Well, actually five thoughts)
READING A POEMWhenever possible, read a poem out loud at least
once.. Try to HEAR the
poem with your ears
And UNDERSTAND
it in your mind
And FEEL it in your heart
#1
#2READING A POEM
Stop briefly at semicolons or after periods. Pause at commas, Look for sudden shifts in thoughts - after dashes If a line doesn’t end with punctuation, don’t make
a full stop. Pause briefly and continue to the end of a sentence
Pay attention to PUNCTUATION
#3READING A POEM
Read in a normal voice as if you were speaking to a
friend. Don’t ruin the music of the poem by
using a “sing song” voice.
#4Investigate rhetoric in which you
are ineffective in perception.
HUH?
READING A POEM
Poetry uses few words, so every word counts
Look up words you don’t understand.
#5AFTER YOU HAVE READ THE
POEM ONCE….
READING A POEM
Examine images sounds emotions ideas
READ IT AGAIN!
And again, and again, if you have to….
What is Poetry?
““Painting Painting with with Words”Words”A way of putting feelings into
special combinations of words
Poetry and the ORAL TRADITION
The first poems were songs about the things that were important to the community – a hero in battle, an honored goddess, a family history, and so on.
Perhaps a singer would travel from place to place carrying the stories across communities.
This was before the invention of writing, so these songs were passed from person to person by word of mouth – the oral tradition.
Over time, the tunes to the songs were lost, and the poems remained.
IMAGERY
© Arthrell 2000
IMAGES (a.k.a imagery)
sensory details - language that appeals to any one of the five senses
Sight
Smell
Touch
Sound
Taste
Pictures created by using Sensory Details.
Sensory Details in Action
Here’s a recent song with lots of examples of sensory details
On the slide after that, I’ve tried to highlight the sensory details
On the next slide, I’ve taken away the sensory details – what would the song be then?
Kiss Me by Matt Slocum recorded by Sixpence None the Richer
Kiss me out of the bearded barley.Nightly, beside the green, green grass.Swing, swing, swing the spinning step.You wear those shoes and I will wear that dress. Oh, kiss me beneath the milky twilight.Lead me out on the moonlit floor.Lift your open hand.Strike up the band and make the fireflies dance,Silver moon's sparkling.So kiss me.
Kiss me down by the broken tree house.Swing me upon its hanging tire.Bring, bring, bring your flowered hat.We'll take the trail marked on your father's map.
Kiss Me Matt Slocum
Kiss me out of the bearded barley.Nightly, beside the green, green grass.Swing, swing, swing the spinning step.You wear those shoes and I will wear that dress. Oh, kiss me beneath the milky twilight.Lead me out on the moonlit floor.Lift your open hand.Strike up the band and make the fireflies dance,Silver moon's sparkling.So kiss me.
Kiss me down by the broken tree house.Swing me upon its hanging tire.Bring, bring, bring your flowered hat.We'll take the trail marked on your father's map.
Kiss Me Matt Slocum
Kiss me bearded barleyNightly the green, green grass.Swing me swing, swing the spinning stepYou wear those shoes and I will wear that dress. Oh, kiss me beneath the milky twilightLead me moonlit floorLift your open handStrike up the band and make the fireflies danceSilver moonSo kiss me.
Kiss me Swing me Bring your hat.We'll take the trail
Pretty boring, huh?
You get the idea – look for IMAGERY in poetry!
Language that appeals to the 5 senses:
1. Sight
2. Sound
3. Smell
4. Taste
5. Touch
A tourist came in from Orbitville, parked in the air, and said:
The creatures of this star are made of metal and glass.
Through the transparent parts you can see their guts.
Their feet are round and rollon diagrams or long
measuring tapes, dark with white lines.
They have four eyes. The two in back are red.
Sometimes you can see a five-eyed one, with a red eye turning
Southbound On The Freeway By May Swenson
on the top of his head. He must be special–
the others respect him and go slow
when he passes, winding among them from behind.
They all hiss as they glide, like inches, down the marked
tapes. Those soft shapes, shadowy inside
the hard bodies--are they their guts or their brains?
ART LECTURE by Nan Neugebauer
This massive canvas, white on white, most famous in the show,Represents a pure white sheep running through the snow.The snow is deep, and hides the sheep, he may be anywhere.One feels him more intensely just to sense his presence there.You’re now esthetically involved, the challenge has begun.If you were a pure white sheep, which way would you run?
Is that a sky obscured by flakes in solid, soundless sound?Are there woods and roads and lakes on that snow-mantled ground?Perhaps you can see a frosted earth as witnessed from the sky.The artist’s creativity can make your mind an eye.
This brilliant masterpiece, acclaimed by artists all and scholars,Was purchased with museum funds for twenty million dollars.Oh what a priceless legacy, what exquisite delight,Is Gufi’s Scene in White on White on White on White on White.
Writing a Poem using Imagery
Cinquain DiamanteHaiku
CINQUAINS
CINQUAINS Cinquains are poetry forms
containing five lines. The word "cinquain" comes from the French word for "five" - "cinq."
Here are two different ways to write cinquains.
5
Cinquains by Word Count
This is the easiest type of cinquain to write. Follow the form below to use the exact number of words for each line.
number of words 1 - 1. Write a noun. 2 - 2. Write 2 adjectives that describe the noun OR 2 words that further describe your noun 3 - 3. Write 3 verbs that tell what the noun in the
first line does 4- 4. Write a 4-word thought about your noun. 1- 5. Write a synonym or similar word for the noun OR one word that describes the noun
School, Prom
Noisy, fun, Glittery, fancy
Read, write, compute. Dance, dance, dance
My friends are there I want to go
Woodyhigh Special
Kittens Baseball
Baby cats National Pastime
Play, purr, sleep Hitting, running, sliding
A frolicking little demon I hate right field
Adorable Summer
Cinquains by Syllable
This is a little more advanced. These cinquains still have five lines, but each line now has a specific number of syllables required.
You can choose any subject and ideas, but they must stay in the syllable count.
It is usually written in an iambic meter, with the stresses on every other syllable beginning with the second syllable in each line (da-DUM). The example is iambic.
Cinquains by Syllablenumber of syllables 2 - 1. Two
syllables. 4 - 2. Four
syllables 6 - 3. Six
syllables. 8 - 4. Eight
syllables. 2 - 5. Two
syllables.
Triad by Adelaide Crapsey
These beThree silent things:The falling snow . . . the hourBefore the dawn . . . the mouth of
oneJust dead.
(P.S. "tri" meads "three." A triad is three things together.)
DIAMANTE
The diamante is fun and easy to write. The purpose is to go from the subject at the top of the diamond to another totally different (and sometimes opposite) subject at the bottom. The name of this poem comes from an Italian word meaning "diamond shaped.
DIAMANTE
DIAMANTEStructure:
line 1 - 1 noun (subject #1)line 2 - 2 adjectives (describing subject #1)line 3 - 3 action words (ending in -ing,
telling about subject #1)*line 4 - 4 nouns (1st 2 - related to subject #1,
2nd 2 - related to subject #2)line 5 – 3 action words (ending in -ing,
telling about subject #2)line 6 – 2 adjectives (describing subject #2)line 7 - 1 noun (subject #2)
SIMILES AND METAPHORS
FIGURES of SPEECHA word or phrase that describes one thing in terms
of anotherNot meant to be taken as literally trueAlways involves an imaginative comparison between
two things that don’t seem to be alike
There are MANY figures of speech. For example...
SOME FIGURES OF SPEECHthat we use in general speaking
“keep your nose to the grindstone”
Shoot the bunny
Reach for the stars
“Catch some Z’s”
Drop a dime
Give someone a hand
Rain cats and dogs
“You made your bed – now lie in it!”
That shirt costs an arm and a leg”
Don’t have a cow, man!
She’s the cat’s pajamas! (1920’s)
compares two unlike objects using the words “like,” “as”, “than,” or “ resembles.”
“He runs as fast as a deer.””She’s like the wind through my tree.” - Patrick Swayze
“His eyes flashed in anger like a railroad crossing signal.”
“Slower than molasses in January.”
“ The children in the playground bumped into each other like leaves in a gust of Autumn wind”
SIMILE
a comparison of two unlike things - WITHOUT using the words "like," “as, etc.-
one thing becomes another thing
METAPHOR
“She’s a brick and I’m drowning slowly.”
“The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas.” “All the world’s a stage,And all the men and women merely players.”
As You Like It, William Shakespeare
Paul Revere’s Ride, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
Brick, Ben Folds of Ben Folds Five
More on METAPHOR
Direct metaphor –directly compares two unlike things (one thing is another)
Implied metaphor – implies or suggests the comparison between the two things
Extended metaphor – a metaphor that is extended or developed over several lines of writing,or even the entire poem.
PERSNIFICATIN Giving human qualities to something that is
not human“My car, Betty.”
Hey diddle, diddle, the cat and the fiddle,
The cow jumped over the moon!
The little dog laughed to see such sport.
And the dish ran away with the spoon!One of the first examples of personification you ever learned!
Dreams Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly.
Hold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.
Harlem (A Dream Deferred) -- Langston Hughes
What happens to a dream deferred?
Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun? Or fester like a sore—And then run? Does it stink like rotten meat? Or crust and sugar over– like a syrupy sweet?Maybe it just sagslike a heavy load.
Or does it explode?
The Eagle-- Alfred Lord Tennyson
He clasps the crag with crooked hands;
Close to the sun in lonely lands,
Ring'd with the azure world, he stands.
The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls;
He watches from his mountain walls,
And like a thunderbolt he falls.
Trees - Joyce Kilmer
I think that I shall never see
A poem lovely as a tree. A tree whose hungry mouth is prestAgainst the sweet earth's flowing breast; A tree that looks at God all day,And lifts her leafy arms to pray; A tree that may in summer wearA nest of robins in her hair; Upon whose bosom snow has lain;Who intimately lives with rain. Poems are made by fools like me,But only God can make a tree.
“Alcohol” Brad PaisleyI can make anybody pretty.
I can make you believe any lie.I can make you pick a fight with somebody twice your size.Well, I’ve been known to cause a few break-ups,An' I’ve been known to cause a few births.Well, I can make you new friends, or get you fired from work.
And since the day I left Milwaukee, Lynchburg an' Bordeaux, France, Been making the bars lots of big money,An' helpin' white people dance.I got you in trouble in High School, But College, now that was a ball. You had some of the best times you’ll never remember with me:
Alcohol; Alcohol.
I got blamed at your wedding reception,For your best man’s embarrassing speech.And also for those naked pictures of you at the beach.I’ve influenced Kings and world leaders,I helped Hemingway write like he did.And I’ll bet you a drink or two, that I can make you put that lampshade on your head.
‘Cause since the day I left Milwaukee,Lynchburg and Bordeaux, France,I been making a fool out of folks just like you,An' helping white people dance.I am medicine and I am poison,I can help you up or make you fall.You had some of the best times you’ll never remember with me:Alcohol.
Personification – What is the Title?
THE MOON'S THE NORTH WIND'S COOKY
(WHAT THE LITTLE GIRL SAID )-- Vachel Lindsay The Moon's the North Wind's cooky.
He bites it, day by dayUntil there's but a rim of scraps,That crumble all away.
The South Wind is a baker.She kneads clouds in her den,And bakes a crisp new moonthat ... greedyNorth ... Wind... eats ... again !
The Sounds of Poetry:
Rhythm
RHYTHM
More specifically:A musical quality made by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables or by repeating certain sound patterns
Stressed - ' Unstressed -
' ''
'
'
I pledge allegiance to the flag of the
United States of America ''
Rhythm in the spoken word:
Rhythm in a Song ' - stressed - unstressed
As I walk through the valley of the
shadow of death
I take a look at my life and realize
there’s nothing left
' '
' '
' ' '
' '
- from “Gangsta’a Paradise,” Coolio
Or, if you were repeating the pattern in a SPOKEN way…(and giving an extra oomph in your voice in the DUM’s)
DUM - stressed da - unstressed
As I walk through the valley of the
shadow of death
I take a look at my life and realize
there’s nothing left
da da DUM da da DUM da da da
DUM da da DUM
da da da da da da da da
da da
DUM DUM DUM
DUM DUM
repetition - to repeat something
repetition of a line or words can give emphasis to those ideas
repetition of a line or words can give emphasis to those ideas
Add it together:
Rhythm + Repetition = Meter
Rhythm (a pattern of stressed & unstressed syllables)
+ Repetition (repeating the pattern) .
Meter - Repeating a pattern of stressed & unstressed syllables
METER
A REGULAR PATTERN of stressed and unstressed syllables
The important thing to note there is that regular pattern.
It “keeps the beat” of the poem, just like the regular
beat of a song.
Terms to know about METER
iamb - da-DUM – because
trochee – DUM-da –Woodland
anapest – da-da-DUM- over there
dactyl – DUM-da-da- coconut
tetra = 3 quadra = 4 penta = 5
Foot – the basic unit of meter that gets repeated to create the rhythm Scanning – analyzing a poem to show the meter
''
'
'Soo… when we say that Shakespeare wrote in iambic pentameter… we mean he was stringing together 5 iambs in every line of poetry (Try “scanning” these lines of his)
But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet is the sun!
FREE VERSE - Poetry without a regular meter or a rhyme scheme
Impression Maureen Ziochowich
You are like my oldest
pair of dungarees
I love you
My mother hates you
And you fit so well
stanza
a "paragraph" in poetry - a verse
End of Rhythm
The Sounds of Poetry:
Rhyme and other Sound Effects
(Onomatopoeia and Alliteration)
You’ve known how to RHYME since you were small… Nursery rhymes Nicknames (nice and not-so-nice) Playground games Jumping rope Homemade greeting cards Your first attempts at writing poetry “I’m a poet and don’t know it!” Etc.
RHYMERHYME the repetition of accented vowel sounds
and all sounds following them in words that are close together in a poem.
death - left
long - gone
deserve it - unheard of
talking - walking
lope - smoke
G - be
night - light
Moon - June
blue - you
snow - go
stones - bones
‘tis of thee - liberty
gleaming - streaming
sitting in a tree - K-I-S-S-I-N-G
Specifics to know about rhyme:
End rhyme
Internal rhyme
Approximate rhyme
Rhyme scheme
End Rhyme - rhymes that appear at the end of lines
GANGSTA’S PARADISE - Coolio
As I walk through the valley of the shadow of death
I take a look at my life and realize there's none left
'Cause I've been brassing and laughing so long
That even my mamma thinks that my mind is gone
But I ain’t never crossed a man that didn't deserve it
Me be treated like a punk, you know that's unheard of
You better watch how you talking, and where you walking
Or you and your homies might be lined in chalk
I really hate to trip but I gotta lope
As they croak I see myself in the pistol smoke ... fool
I'm the kinda G that little homies want to be like
On my knees in the night, saying prayers in the street light
Internal Rhyme - rhymes that are found within lines
Forget the the situation, they got me facin’
I can't live a normal life; I was raised by the strip
So I gotta be down with the hood team
Too much television watching got me chasing dreams
I'm an educated fool with money on my mind
Got my 10 in my hand and a gleam in my eye
I'm a loped out gangsta, set trippin banger
And my homies is down so gonna rouse my anger ... fool
Death ain't nothing but a heart beat away
I'm living life do or die, what can I say
I'm 23 now, but will I live to see 24?
The way things is going I don't know
Approximate Rhyme - when two words are alike in some sounds but don’t rhyme exactly (a.k.a. slant rhymes)
Power and the money, money and the power
Minute after minute, hour after hour
Everybody's running, but half of them ain't looking
What's going on in the kitchen, but I don't know what's
cooking
They say I've got to learn but nobody's here to teach me
If they can't understand it, how can they reach me
I guess they can't
I guess they won’t
I guess they front
That's why I know my life is out of luck ... fool
Rhyme Scheme - the pattern of rhymes in a poem a letter of the alphabet for each rhymeAs I walk through the valley of the shadow of death a
I take a look at my life and realize there's none left a
'Cause I've been brassing and laughing so long b
That even my mamma thinks that my mind is gone b
But I aint never crossed a man that didn't deserve it c
Me be treated like a punk, you know that's unheard of c
You better watch how you talking, and where you walking d
Or you and your homies might be lined in chalk d
I really hate to trip but I gotta lope e
As they croak I see myself in the pistol smoke ... fool e
I'm the kinda G that little homies want to be like f
On my knees in the night, saying prayers in the street light f
• REFRAIN A refrain is a phrase or line that is repeated often in a poem. It may be a verse
They been spending most their lives living in the gangsta's paradise
Bye, Bye, Bye! Puff , the Magic Dragon...Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear….
Oh! Jingle Bells, Jingle Bells, Jingle all the way!
What is the other refrain of “Gangsta’s Paradise?
Tell me why are we so blind to see That the ones we hurt are you and me?
Right!
This is also an example of a
COUPLETTwo consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme
Couplets by Ogden NashThe Cow The cow is of the bovine ilk;One end is moo, the other, milk. The FlyGod in his wisdom made the flyAnd then forgot to tell us why.
Pediatric Reflection
Many an infant that screams like a calliope
Could be soothed by a little attention to his diope.
Ode to a Baby A bit of talcum Is always walcum
I've got the children to tend The clothes to mend The floor to mop The food to shopThen the chicken to fry The baby to dryI got company to feed The garden to weedI've got the shirts to pressThe tots to dress The cane to be cutI gotta clean up this hutThen see about the sick And the cotton to pick.
Shine on me, sunshine Rain on me, rain Fall softly, dewdropsAnd cool my brow again.
Storm, blow me from hereWith your fiercest windLet me float across the skyTill I can rest again.
Fall gently, snowflakes Cover me with whiteCold icy kisses and Let me rest tonight.
Sun, rain, curving sky Mountain, ocean, leaf and stoneStar shine, moon glowYou're all that I can call my own.
Women Work by Maya Angelou
They were women then My mama's generation Husky of voice - Stout of Step With fists as well as Hands How they battered down Doors And ironed Starched white Shirts How they led Armies Headragged Generals
Across mined Fields Booby-trapped Ditches To discover books DesksA place for usHow they knew what weMust KnowWithout knowing a pageOf itThemselves.
Women by Alice Walker
Joined in bond from day to day Friendships made along the wayTies that bind us like a ring Alma Mater praises sing.
Sons and daughters stand up tall Let thy banner never fall May she wave in our hearts as we live. We will rise and singOur voice they will hearColors raised, victory's oursAlma Mater, dear Many days will pass us by But the memories never die Alma Mater, Dear Woodland Hills High.
ALLITERATION - the repetition of the same or similar
letters in several words
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers…
Twists of wires, worn-out tires, Paper bags and broken bricks.
The silken, sad, uncertain rustling of the curtains….
Cream is cursed and cake is awful….
Hector the Collector, Shel Silverstein
The Raven, Edgar Allan Poe
A Fat Man’s Prayer, Victor Buono
ONOMATOPOEIA - the use of a word whose sound imitates or suggests its meaning
A Fat Man’s Prayer by Victor Buono
Lord, my soul is ripped with riot
Incited by my wicked diet."We are what we eat," said a wise old man,and, Lord, if that's true, I'm a garbage can.
I want to rise on Judgment Day, that's plain!But at my present weight, I'll need a crane.So grant me strength, that I may not fallInto the clutches of cholesterol.
May my flesh with carrot-curls be sated,that my soul may be polyunsaturatedAnd show me the light, that I may bear witnessTo the President's Council on Physical Fitness.
And at oleomargarine I'll never mutter,for the road to Hell is spread with butter.And cream is cursed; and cake is awful;and Satan is hiding in every waffle
Mephistopheles lurks in provolone;the Devil is in each slice of baloney,Beelzebub is a chocolate drop,and Lucifer is a lollipop.
Give me this day my daily sliceBut cut it thin and toast it twice.I beg upon my dimpled knees,Deliver me from Jujubees.
And when my days of trial are done,And my war with malted milk is won,Let me stand with the saints in heaven,In a shining robe--size thirty-seven.
I can do it Lord, if you'll show to me,the virtues of lettuce and celery.If you'll teach me the evil of mayonnaise,
The sinfulness of Hollandaiseand pasta a la Milannaiseand potatoes a la Lyonnaiseand crisp-fried chicken from the South.
Lord, if you love me, shut my mouth!
End of Rhyme
See ya later, alligator!
Added Attractions!
© Arthrell 2002
Ballad - Narrative Poetry
A BALLAD is a song or poem that tells a story
Many of the poetic ballads that we know today were results of the “Oral Tradition.” At one time, the song had a tune, but it was lost as the song was passed from person to person.
Lyric Poetry A LYRIC poem does not tells a story, but aims only at expressing a speaker’s emotions or thoughts.
The word “lyric” comes from a lyre, a Greek instrument that a wandering storyteller could use to accompany a song.
Of course, “lyric” is the term that we use to describe the words to a song
The writer’s attitude toward • a literary work, • its characters, • the events it tells about, • and its audience.
TONE
Quite an you’ve attitude got there, buddy!
A Note about TONE… (no pun intended)
Tone is often difficult to identify because it is usually implied or suggested instead of actually being stated.
AllusionNO, we don’t
mean magical
tricks - that’s “illusions!”
To use allusion, or allude, is to use a reference to someone or something that is well known from
literature history religion mythology politics sportsOr some other thing that most
people are familiar with
Allusion in “I Have a Dream”
Four score and seven years ago….
Five score years ago,
July July 1863 1963
Hearing words that reminded the audience of Lincoln reminded them also that Lincoln
signed the Emancipation Proclamation, which King’s speech was remembering.
Recognizing & Interpreting Allusion(Using a song we have been working with)
“As I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I take a look at my life and realize there’s nothing left.” “Gangsta’s Paradise”
“Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil…”
Psalm 23
• What is the author, “Coolio,” referring to in the song?
• Why does he refer to this source?
• What could be the association that the author wants the listener to make between the two pieces?
Irony - a contrast between expectation and reality
Isn’t it ironic?
Don’t you think?
“Tyger, tyger, burning bright
in the forest of the night…” - William Blake
Ogden Nash - “ Tiger, tiger, burning bright
What has caused you to ignite?”
P.S. Where does an allusion to this poem appear?
Right – the Last chapter of Fahrenheit 451 is called “Burning Bright.”
PUN multiple meanings of a word orwords that sound alike but have
different meanings
A play on...
“What has four wheels and flies?
A garbage truck!”
GROAN!
PUN
The Moral is that gardeners pine
Whene'er no pods adorn the vine.
Of all sad words experience gleans
The saddest are: "It might have beans."
(I did not make this up myself:
'Twas in a book upon my shelf.
It's witty, but I don't deny
It's rather Whittier than I!)
.
From “How Jack Found that Beans May Go Back On a Chap “ Guy Wetmore Carryl.
A main idea in a work of literature.
THEME
Not the subject, but the idea conveyed about the subject
Symbols & Symbolism
A person, place, or thing that has meaning in itself
And also stands for something beyond itself
love water lamb war peace red
This poem has a great deal of symbolism
“The Secret Heart”
CLICK
TITLE FOR LINK
The Secret Heart
By Robert P. Tristram Coffin
Across the years he could recallHis father one way best of all.
In the stillest hour of the nightThe boy awakened to a light.
Half in dreams, he saw his sireWith his great hands full of fire
The man had struck a match to seeIf his son slept peacefully.
He held his palms each side the sparkHis love had kindled in the dark.
His two hands were curved apartIn the semblance of a heart.
He wore, it seemed to his small son,A bare heart on his hidden one,
A heart that gave out such a glowNo son awake could bear to know.
It showed a look upon a faceToo tender for the day to trace.
One instant, it lit all about,And then the secret heart went out.
But it shone long enough for oneTo know that hands held up the sun.
1314 Sitting on the porch swing15 16 Warm wind on a winter day
9 10 Green grass peaking through 9 12 Smell of spring in the air
1 Warm wind on a winter day
2 Bright sun shining all around
3 Sitting on the porch swing
4 Talking with neighbors passing by
PANTOUM – Warm Winter Day
9 Couples taking healthy walks1011 Kitchen door wide open12
6 Couples taking healthy walks 8 Kitchen door wide open
5 Bright sun shining all around67 Talking with neighbors passing by8 13 Green grass peaking through
1415 Smell of spring in the air16
131415 16
9 109 12
1 A two hour delay is the greatest
2 Scanning the news for cancellation
3 I get to sleep in
4 I get to eat breakfast
PANTOUM – Two hour Delay
9 Less time in each class period10 No worries about homework11 Teachers are miserable12 Bunches of people skip the day
6 8
5. Scanning the news for cancellation6 Less time in each class period7 I get to eat breakfast8 Teacher are miserable 13 No worries about homework
14 I get to sleep in15 Bunches of people skip the day16 A two hour delay is the greatest
131415 16
9 109 12
1 They call us Freshmen2 I feel so small and left out3 Running to classes4I’m always lost and late
PANTOUM – Ninth Grade
9 No One knows me10 Fun things to do11 Making new friends12 It’s not so bad
6 8
5. I feel so small and left out6 No one knows me7 I’m always lost and late8 Making New friends
13 Fun things to do14 Running to classes15 It’s not so bad16They call us Freshmen.
GRADING RUBRIC 8 original lines (1-4, 6, 8, 10, 12)
using imagery in each line
2 points each = 16 points
16 lines in correct order
1 point each = 16 points
TOTAL 32 points
Song list
“I Wanna Hold Your Hand”
Kiss Me
Gangsta’a Paradise
“Alcohol”
The End