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Figure 22-2b Lymphatic Capillaries.
Incompletebasementmembrane
Lymphflow
Lymphocyte
To largerlymphatics
Areolartissue
Interstitial fluid
Plasma
Interstitialfluid
Bloodcapillary
Lymphaticcapillary
A sectional view indicating the movement of fluidfrom the plasma, through the tissues as interstitialfluid, and into the lymphatic system as lymph.
b
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Figure 22-2a Lymphatic Capillaries.
ArterioleSmoothmuscle
Endothelialcells
Lymphaticcapillary
Venule Interstitialfluid
Lymphflow
Blood capillaries Areolar tissue
The interwoven network formed by blood capillariesand lymphatic capillaries. Arrows indicate themovement of fluid out of blood capillaries andthe net flow of interstitial fluid and lymph.
a
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p. 783
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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
© 2
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© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
p. 783
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings
© 2
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Pear
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© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 22-4 The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System.
Azygos vein
a
Right internal jugular vein
Right jugular trunk
Right lymphatic duct
Right subclavian trunk
Right subclavian vein
Right bronchomediastinaltrunk
Superior vena cava (cut)
Rib (cut)
Drainageof right
lymphaticduct
Drainageof thoracicduct
Inferior vena cava (cut)
Right lumbar trunk
Brachiocephalicveins
Left internal jugular vein
Left jugular trunk
Left subclavian trunk
Left subclavian vein
Left bronchomediastinaltrunk
First rib (cut)
Highestintercostalvein
Thoracicduct
Thoraciclymph nodes
HemiazygosveinParietalpleura (cut)
Diaphragm
Cisterna chyli
Intestinal trunk
Left lumbar trunk
Thoracic duct
bThe thoracic duct carrieslymph originating in tissuesinferior to the diaphragmand from the left side of theupper body. The smaller rightlymphatic duct carries lymphfrom the rest of the body.
The thoracic duct empties into the left subclavianvein. The right lymphatic duct empties into theright subclavian vein.
p. 786
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Figure 22-4a The Relationship between the Lymphatic Ducts and the Venous System.
a
Drainageof right
lymphaticduct
Drainageof thoracicduct
The thoracic duct carrieslymph originating in tissuesinferior to the diaphragmand from the left side of theupper body. The smaller rightlymphatic duct carries lymphfrom the rest of the body. p. 786
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 22-7a Lymphoid Nodules.
The locations of the tonsilsa
Pharyngealtonsil
Palate
Palatinetonsil
Lingualtonsil
Pharyngealepithelium
Germinal centerswithin nodules
Pharyngeal tonsil LM × 40
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Figure 22-7b Lymphoid Nodules (Part 1 of 2).
b Diagrammatic view of aggregatedlymphoid nodule
Intestinal lumen
Aggregatedlymphoid nodule
in intestinal mucosa
Underlyingconnective tissue
Mucousmembrane
of intestinal wall Germinal center
p. 791
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Figure 22-7b Lymphoid Nodules (Part 2 of 2).
b Diagrammatic view of aggregatedlymphoid nodule
Intestinal lumen
Underlyingconnective tissue
Aggretated lymphoid nodules LM × 20
Germinal center
Aggregatedlymphoid nodule
in intestinal mucosa
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© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 22-8 The Structure of a Lymph Node (Part 1 of 2).
Hilum
Trabeculae
Medulla
Cortex
Subcapsularspace
Deep cortex(T cells)
Capsule Medullary cord(B cells and
plasma cells)
Afferentvessel
Outer cortex (B cells)
Medullary sinus
Lymph nodes
Lymphnodes
Lymphaticvessel
Lymph nodeartery and vein
Efferentvessel
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Figure 22-8 The Structure of a Lymph Node (Part 2 of 2).
Dendritic cells
Nuclei of B cells
Capillary
Capsule
Subcapsularspace
Outercortex
Germinalcenter
DividingB cell
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Figure 22-9a The Thymus.
Heart
a
Leftlobe
Thymus
Leftlung
Rightlung
Thyroid gland
Trachea
Right lobe
Diaphragm
The appearance and position of the thymusin relation to other organs in the chest.
p. 793
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Figure 22-9b The Thymus.
b
Lobule
Septa
Rightlobe
Leftlobe
Anatomicallandmarks onthe thymus.
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Figure 22-9c The Thymus.
c
Medulla Septa Cortex
Lobule
Lobule
LM × 50The thymus gland
Fibrous septa divide the tissue of the thymus into lobulesresembling interconnected lymphoid nodules. p. 793
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Figure 22-9d The Thymus.
d
Lymphocytes
Thymiccorpuscle
Thymicepithelial
cells
A thymic corpuscle LM × 550
Higher magnification reveals the unusualstructure of thymic corpuscles. The smallcells are lymphocytes in various stages ofdevelopment. p. 793
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
Figure 22-10a The Spleen.
Spleen
a
Rib
Pancreas
Aorta
Liver
Parietal peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum
Stomach
Diaphragm
Gastrosplenic ligament
Gastric area
Diaphragmatic surface
Spleen
Hilum
Renal area
Kidneys
A transverse section through the trunk, showing the typical position ofthe spleen projecting into the peritoneal cavity. The shape of the spleenroughly conforms to the shapes of adjacent organs.
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Figure 22-10b The Spleen.
b
Spleniclymphaticvessel
Splenic artery
Splenic vein
Hilum
Gastricarea
Renalarea
INFERIOR
SUPERIOR
A posterior view of the surface of an intact spleen, showingmajor anatomical landmarks. p. 795
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Figure 22-10c The Spleen.
c
White pulp of splenic nodule
Capsule
Red pulp
Trabecularartery
Central artery insplenic nodule
The spleen
Spleen histology. White pulp is dominated by lymphocytes; itappears purple because the nuclei of lymphocytes stain verydarkly. Red pulp contains a large number of red blood cells.
LM × 50
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