ZULFIGAR YASINZULFIGAR YASIN11 && JAMIL TAJAMJAMIL TAJAM22

11Marine Science Lab, School of Biological Sciences, Marine Science Lab, School of Biological Sciences, UniversitiUniversiti SainsSains Malaysia, Malaysia,

Penang Penang

22Faculty of Applied Science, Faculty of Applied Science, UniversitiUniversiti TeknologiTeknologi MARA, MARA, ArauArau, Perlis, Perlis

Location of study siteLocation of study site

Pulau Langkawi

Pulau Paya Pulau Segantang

Pulau Bidan

Pulau Song-song

Tukun Terendak

Pulau Telor

Pulau Kaca /Lembu

Kuala Sungai Merbuk

Straits of Malacca

Restricted access until 2009. Now an open access area.

Pulau Songsong

Marine Park and no take zone since 1989. Very high visitor numbers.

PulauPulau PayarPayar Marine ParkMarine Park

LEGEND:

Live coral (more than 5% cover Coral rubble Intetidal rock and boulders Beach sand Wooded land area

Substrate classification of Pulau Bidan by satellite remote sensing and the hydroacoustic survey

N

Diversity of mollusk found at Diversity of mollusk found at PulauPulau

PayarPayar and and PulauPulau SongsongSongsong

Mollusks

Gastropods 28 species

Bivalves 17 species

Nudibranch 7 species

The Diversity of Sea Cucumber Found in the Sampling LocationThe Diversity of Sea Cucumber Found in the Sampling Location

0 2 4 6 8

Pulau Songsong

Tukun Terendak

Pulau Payar

Pulau Kaca

Pulau Segantang

Total Number of Species Found During the Survey

A new species of sea A new species of sea

cucumber in cucumber in PulauPulau PayarPayar??

Hard coral diversity in the Hard coral diversity in the northern Straits of Malaccanorthern Straits of Malacca

Hard coral

Family 13

Genus 36

Dominant

group - Pocilloporidae

- Acroporidae

Rare

group - Mussidae

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Pulau Payar Pulau Kaca Pulau Segantang Pulau Songsong Tukun Terendak Pulau Telor

6 4

2 3 3 1

15

7

3

17

8

0

3

2

2

6

3

1

Thamnasteriidae

Poritidae

Pocilloporidae

Pectiniidae

Oculinidae

Mussidae

Merulinidae

Fungiidae

Faviidae

Euphylliidae

Dendrophyllidae

Agariciidae

Acroporidae

The total number of families from different reefs in the northern Straits of Malacca

13 8 8 11 9 5

Common commercial fishCommon commercial fish

species found in the surveyspecies found in the survey

CommonCommon plankton species plankton species in in

SongsongSongsong IslandsIslands

Chaetoceros subtilis

Chaetoceros affinis Coscinodiscus asteromphalus

Bacteriastrum delicatulum

Ceratium furca

A toxic species which is a component of the harmful algasl bloom (HAB) now found off the coast of Merbok and Pulau Telor

Ambient water conditions important to the health Ambient water conditions important to the health

of corals of corals

PulauSongsong

TukunTerendak

PulauTelor

Pulau Bidan

Decreasing

Total Suspended Solid (mg/L)

Number of species found for each Number of species found for each taxataxa atat the the

SongsongSongsong and and PayarPayar Group of IslandsGroup of Islands

0 20 40 60 80 100

Phytoplankton

Fish

Coral

Sea cucumber

Nudibranch

Gastropod

Bivalve

No. of species

Songsong Group

Payar Group

General trends in diversityGeneral trends in diversity

Trend of: • Increasing diversity in corals, sea cucumber, soft corals, reef fish and mollusks • Decreasing concentrations of pollutants and nutrients • Clearer waters • Increasing coverage of fringing reefs

Payar Group

Song-song Group

Taxon No. of new record found

during the survey

Osteichthyes (Bony fishes) -

Holothuroidea

(sea cucumbers) 3

Anthozoa

• Octocorallia (Hard Coral)

• Hexacorallia (Soft Coral)

14

5

Gastropoda

• Nudibranch

•Macrogastropoda

-

7

Bivalvia 5

Phytoplankton 31

For Marine Park management it is

important now to know:

The significance of our findings in

place and time

The relationship of our islands

The Next StepThe Next Step

Pulau Payar

Perc

enta

ge c

ora

l co

ver

(%)

Percentage of Coral Cover for Pulau Payar, Teluk Datai and Pulau Songsong

Year

Pu. Songsong

Teluk Datai

Pu. Payar

1998: bleaching event 2010: bleaching event

The faunal divideThe faunal divide

Indian Ocean fauna

Pacific Ocean fauna

Genetic structure of marine organism

Source: Benzie , 1998

eScienceeScience--Fund marineFund marine--related projectsrelated projects

(2007 (2007 –– 2011)2011)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

No

. o

f p

roje

cts

fun

ded

Year

Marine-related projects

Marine biodiversity

projects

* Total number of project

funded

935 415 215 101 241 *

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