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ZoonoticZoonotic Disease Update 2011Disease Update 2011
June 23, 2011June 23, 2011
Kimberly C. Mitchell, MPHChief, Rabies and Vector-borne Diseases
Center for Zoonotic and Vector-borne Diseases
Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
Infectious Disease and Environmental
Health Administration
Maryland Arboviral Surveillance Update, 2010Maryland Arboviral Surveillance Update, 2010
Infectious Disease & Environmental Health Administration[6/23/11]
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To improve the health of Marylanders by reducing thetransmission of infectious diseases, helping impactedpersons live longer, healthier lives, and protectingindividuals and communities from environmental healthhazards
We work in partnership with local health departments,providers, community based organizations, and public andprivate sector agencies to provide public health leadershipin the prevention, control, monitoring, and treatment ofinfectious diseases and environmental health hazards.
MISSIONMISSION
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Contents of PresentationContents of Presentation
National WNV Surveillance Update 2010
Maryland Arboviral Surveillance Update 2010
Summary
Future Directions
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Infectious Disease & Environmental Health Administration[6/23/11]
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WNV Human Incidence Ratesin US and MD, 2001-2010
0
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2
3
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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Ca
se
sp
er
10
0,0
00
Year
MD Rate
US Rate
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Maryland Human WNVMaryland Human WNVCases, 2010 (n=23)Cases, 2010 (n=23)
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Descriptive Statistics on Human WNVDescriptive Statistics on Human WNVCases in Maryland, 2010 (n=23)Cases in Maryland, 2010 (n=23)
Case Characteristic
AgeMedian 62 yearsRange 19 – 92 years
Gender15 male (65.2%)8 female (34.8%)
Race18 White (78.3%)4 Black (17.4%)1 Unknown (4.3%)
WNV Disease Onset Dates July 13 – October 11
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Human WNV Cases in MarylandHuman WNV Cases in Marylandby Month, 2010 (n=23)by Month, 2010 (n=23)
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2
4
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8
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July August September October
Nu
mb
er
of
Cases
Onset Month
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Maryland WNV Cases by DiseaseMaryland WNV Cases by DiseaseManifestation, 2010 (n=23)Manifestation, 2010 (n=23)
Encephalitis35%
Asepticmeningitis
39%
Fever9%
Other17%
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Maryland MosquitoMaryland MosquitoSurveillance, 2010Surveillance, 2010
2,219 mosquito pools (23,043 mosquitoes)submitted for arboviral testing
8 mosquito pools positive– Anne Arundel County (n=4)
– Baltimore County (n=1)
– Montgomery County (n=3)
Species positive: Culex salinarius; Culex pipiens
No Eastern equine encephalitis detected
Mosquito populations at lowest levels inyears, especially in coastal areas
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Maryland EquineMaryland EquineSurveillance, 2010Surveillance, 2010
1 horse in Frederick County with probableWNV infection tested at Pennsylvania AnimalDiagnostic Laboratory System– 3-year old female Standardbred filly
– Onset date: August 31, 2010
– Clinical signs: Muscle fasciculations; abnormal gait
– Rapidly deteriorated to recumbency
– Euthanized 9/4/10
– Previously vaccinated against rabies Feb 2010
– CSF positive for WNV via IgM capture ELISA Consistent with CDC case definition for probable equine
case
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2010 Summary2010 Summary
Like Maryland, other Northeast statesexperienced similar increases in humanWNV disease activity in 2010
Two human cases of LaCrosseencephalitis virus reported in Maryland
– Garrett and Harford counties
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Maryland 2011 ArboviralMaryland 2011 ArboviralSeasonSeason
Dates: July 1 – October 31, 2011
Will include human, equine, mosquito, and wildlifesurveillance and mosquito control
Collaboration of three state agencies:
DHMH
MDA
DNR
Other contributor(s): Department of Defense (DoD),Maryland Zoo in Baltimore
Letter being sent to equine veterinarians remindingthem of availability of equine arboviral testing andreporting of equine neurologic syndromes
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Future DirectionsFuture Directions
DHMH will continue to work with stateand federal partners to prevent andcontrol arboviral disease activity inMaryland
Maintain surveillance activities to detectWNV, Eastern equine encephalitis, andother arboviral diseases, like some ofthose previously found in Maryland:
– Cache Valley virus
– Jamestown Canyon virus
MarylandMarylandInfectious Disease andInfectious Disease andEnvironmental HealthEnvironmental Health
AdministrationAdministration
http://ideha.dhmh.maryland.gov
