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Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Microorganisms as a model system for studying the biological effects of
electromagnetic non-ionizing radiation
ELENA N. GROMOZOVA VOYCHUK S.I., ZELENA L.B.,
GRETCKEY I.A.
IMV NASU is the biggest scientific research center in the area of systematic, physiology, biochemistry, ecology and genetics of microorganisms, biotechnology and general virology in Ukraine and one of the biggest research centers in the former USSR. Organized on the 31st of May 1928 by the Dmitriy K. Zabolotny.
Directions of work
Study of fundamentals of biologic activity of
microorganisms and viruses aimed at its
regulation
Study in ecology and systematic of
microorganisms and viruses, strain selection and development for the biotechnological needs
The Ukrainian Collection of Microorganisms
• the big collection of nonpathogeneous strains of microorganisms a lot of which are used in molecular-biological investigations and biotechnology
Chromosomal aberrations in cells of onion (Allium-test)
Objects of research
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Candida spp.
Two directions of our researches
Natural radiationAnthropogenic
EMF
Natural radiation
-0,053
-0,083
-0,571
0,722
-1,369
-3,30 3
p=,05
Effect Estimate (Absolute Value)
Temperature
Moisture
Flares C
Ap index
Flares M
Solar wind speed
Specific growth rate Solar wind speed
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
Solar wind speed
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Gro
wth
Rat
e
R 2=0.312R=-0.559 p=0.000
AntibioticsАР-index,
nT
Wolf’s number
(R)
Solar wind speed, km/sec
Solar flux
(10,4 cm)
Klotrimazole 0,09 -0,51 0,61 -0,53
Nystatin 0,24 -0,45 0,35 -0,37
Fluconazole 0,07 -0,36 0,43 -0,33
Metachromazy reaction
29333741454953576165697377
52
60
68
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Red
Blue
Type 3
90-100
80-90
70-80
60-70
50-60
40-50
30-40
20-30
10-20
0-10
19232731353943475155596367
44
53
62
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Red
Blue
Type 1
1000-1200
800-1000
600-800
400-600
200-400
0-200
(PO4)n
Volutin grains
morphology
Volutin grains“Dancing bodies”
Variations of Solar activity (in days, by Vladimirskiy 1994)
Periodicity of metachromasy
Cosinor analysis Fourier analysis
3,5 - 3,2
5,0 5,0 5,3
7,0 - 7,4
9,0 9,0 10,5
13,5 14,0 13,7
17 - 18
21 22 20
23 - 23
26-29 27 28,5
30 - -
34 35 33,8-35,9
441 47 44 - 46,5
53,2 51 52,9
- 59 59
87 89 84,6
114 108 103-119
120 124 121
152-155 153 153-157
VHF (very high frequency) EMF generators40.68 MHz,15W, 30W,EF = 90-92 V/m, MF = 1.25-2.2 А/m
Video display terminals (VDT)
Used in medicine for UHF-therapy
EHF (extremely high frequency) EMF generator
Used in medicine for EHF-therapy
30-40 GHz,25mkT
Emit complex radiation of varied frequencies
UHF (ultra high frequency) EMF generators
Used in global system for mobile communications
DCS-1800MHz10-1000 mkW/cm2
Anthropogenic EMF
Yeast Population, Cell and Subcellular effects of EMFs
VHF UHF EHF VDT
Growth rate change change n/d unchanged
Cell cycle propagation
changed n/d n/d n/d
Apoptosis increase n/d n/d decrease
Stress resistance increase unchanged n/d change
Enzyme activity change change n/d unchanged
Adhesive properties change change change n/d
Membrane permeability
decrease decrease n/d unchanged
Surface potential unchanged unchanged unchanged unchanged
Treatment Live cells, %
Untreated VHF EMF
Optimal conditions 92.5±1.7 93.1±1.4
Acidity (pH 2,7) 52.5±10.6 85.5±6.5
Freezing-thawing 40.0±14.1 92.5±3.5
Yeast Population Effects
Cell surface effects
Control
Irradiated Nano-hardness
Energy dispersive analysis
YeastMembrane permeability,
%
Untreated VHF EMF
S. cerevisiae 100 84
C. utilis 100 76
S. pombe 100 45
Membrane effects
Not changed:
Fatty acids composition
Dzetta-potentialHydrophobicity
Genome stability effects of UHF EMF
2 days exposition
Y-517
CRY CNX Y-517
CRY CNX Y-517
CRY CNX Y-517
CRY CNX
50mkW/сm2
200 mkW/сm2
1000mkW/сm 2
500bp
1000bp
100bp
Power of expositionStrain
6 weeks exposition
500bp
1000bp
100bp
Control
Control
Irradiated 2 days
Irradiated 6 weeks
Fibroblasts (F)
F+Yeast
F+Irradiated Yeast
Cell-to-cell interaction effects
Parameter Yeast RatsCytomorphological changes
Yes Yes
Metabolic activity changes
Yes Yes
Physiological changes Yes YesBehavioral changes n/d YesGenome changes Yes Yes
Effects revertion Not complete
n/d
Yeast vsRatscomparative study
EMF yeast cells
Signal amplification with bio-stimulators
EHF-dielectrometry
Bio-stimulators are the chemicals with known mechanism of bio actionBiosensor device
Main elements of the Biosensor based on the EHF-dielectrometry
and Yeast cells
5 15 3050
70
90
110
130
150
1 µW
10 µW
100 µW
time, min
Bio
lum
ines
cent
ind
ex B
I, %
Biolunimescence level of Photobacterium phosphoreum under
EHF EMF
Thanks a lot for your attention
to be continued …
Our proposals for collaboration and future work:
1. Comparative study of biological action of non-ionizing and ionizing radiation in low doses;
2. Development of biosensors to non-ionizing EMFs;3. Creation and evaluation of protection items against
negative action of non-ionizing EMFs;4. Researches on dosimetry, norms and standards of
biological action of non-ionizing EMFs.
Academic Writing Residency
http://www.rockefellerfoundation.org/bellagio-center/residency-program/academic-writing-residency