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Yukon River Basin StudyNational Stream Quality Accounting Network
National Research ProgramAlaska Science Center
Eastern RegionTom KraemerMary VoytekLisa Fogarty
Central RegionGeorge AikenKenna ButlerMark DornblaserDennis EberlDoug HalmBob MeadeMike ReddyPaul SchusterRob StrieglHoward TaylorKim Wickland
Western RegionCarol KendallBob MichelDan Doctor
NASQAN Yukon River Project Participants NRP
AKSteve FrenzelTim BrabetsMat SchellekensDustin LangleyGary SolinZan FrederickRandy HostEd Neal
WIDave KrabbenhoftMark OlsonJohn DeWild
TXPete Van MetreBarb Mahler
OWQSteve Sorenson
District
USMAlan Shiller
Inter-tribal Council: Rob RosenfeldContract Observers
GAArt Horowitz
YalePete Raymond
Ca
Brian Bergamaschi
ORValerie Kelly
UMNJacques Finlay
FSUJeff Chanton
InvestigatorsAiken: DOC characterization; carbon cyclingStriegl: CO2 fluxes; carbon cyclingKrabbenhoft: Hg cyclingReddy/Schuster: Hg-DOC interactions, major ionsKendall: POM isotopesHorowitz: Trace metals in sedimentsEberl: Sediment mineralogyShiller: Trace metal cyclingTaylor: Major cations, trace metals, nutrients, rare earthsMichel: TritiumKraemer: U isotopesBrabets: River hydrology/sedimentsHost/Neal (AK): Discharge (ADCP)
Motorboat Operation Certification Class: swift water trainingIn water PFD trainingWilderness survival, 1st aid/CPRFirearms/pepper spray training: bearsInoculations: Hepatitis
Safety Concerns
Safety Training
Tributary/main stem sampling point selection based on:• Logistics (Can we measure discharge?)• QW data (Kayaker; identify end members)• Research interests• Basin characteristics
• Permafrost coverage• Size• Land use (mining)• Veg classification• Physiography• Source area
Intensive Sampling Campaigns: NRPProcess-based studies
BRR-CRIntensive sampling: Progress to date
2002 Eagle to bridge (2 trips)
2100 river miles22 sampling sites~1500 WQ samples
2003 Bridge to Pilot (1st trip)
930 river miles17 sampling sites~570 WQ samples
Fixed Station Sampling: AK SC
Five Stations: Yukon @Eagle (at Canadian border) Porcupine River (major trib) Yukon @ Bridge (this photo) Tanana River (major trib) Yukon @ Pilot Station (“outlet”)
Sampling schedule (2001-2005) One under ice sampling in March Every two weeks after ice out (June to Oct)
approx 7 samples from each Station
Baseline data
AK Science Center Fixed Station sampling: Progress to date
Confluence of the Yukon andTanana Rivers showing the mixing zone
5 stations sampled2001: 7 times2002: 7 times2003: 3 times to date
American Creek
0
10
20
30
40
05/24/02 09/01/02 12/10/02 03/20/03 06/28/03
DO
C (
mg
/L)
0
200
400
600
800
SC
(u
S/c
m)
DOC SC
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
5/24/02 9/1/02 12/10/02 3/20/03 6/28/03
CO
2 (p
pm
)
01
234
567
89
pH
CO2 (ppm) pH
Outreach: Eagle, Alaska, American Creek
Grades K6-12
Water quality sampling
CO2 sampling
George Aiken motoringup a trib to collect DOCand other samples
Distinct hydrologic connection to the transport of carbon
Consistent SUVAs suggest a common source of carbon
Carbon Cycling
Carbon dioxide and Methane emissions Where and when are the sources and sinks?
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Eag
le
Nat
ion
Kan
dik
Cha
rley
Coa
l
Woo
dcho
pper
Circ
le
Bla
ck
She
enje
k
Por
cupi
ne
Cha
ndal
ar
Chr
istia
n
Upp
er B
irch
Hod
zana
Tim
ber
Pt
Ste
vens
CO
2 (u
atm
os)
Tributaries
Main Stem
Preliminary data: Main stem and tribsbetween Eagle and Bridge2.5x to 10x > atm CO2
Rob Striegl collects a sample forCO2 and methane
Respiration
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Day
mg
CO
2/g
so
il C
/d Black Spruce Forest
Permafrost Collapse Bog
Black SpruceForest
PermafrostCollapse Bogs
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)
0
1
2
3
4
0 20 40 60 80Day
mg
DO
C/g
so
il C Black Spruce Forest
Permafrost Collapse Bog
Terrestrial C Cycling and Permafrost MeltingTerrestrial C Cycling and Permafrost Melting
Black spruce forests underlain by permafrost may be converted to wetlands when the permafrost melts.Results from lab incubations of soils collected from a black spruce forest and a collapse bog indicatethat potential CO2 loss through respiration and potential DOC loss decrease after a forest collapsesand becomes a wetland. This is probably in part due to vegetation changes. Field and lab studies arecurrently underway to further investigate the effects of permafrost melting on C cycling.
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP)
Randy Host, AK SCsetting up ADCP for a discharge measurementon the Yukon River
Process-based research
Do the relations hold as we move up in streamorder (scale) from very small to very large?
Will climate-change (i.e. melting permafrost)affect the ecology of the Yukon basin across scales?
Characterizing a river system as large as the Yukon andunderstanding carbon cycling and metals interactionsin the Yukon River Drainage Basin will be as challenging as navigating the twisted channels of the Yukon Flats