Y%S ,xldj fj; oeä wjOdkhla

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PdhdrEm ysñlï( Saaliya Thilakarathna/IWMI

wm wdh;kh

,dN i|yd fkdjk cd;Hka;r m¾fhaIK wdh;khls'

wmf.a wruqK

wdydr mdk iïmdokh" cSjfkdamdhka yd mrsir moaO;Ska

iqrÌs; lr,Su i|yd N+ñ yd c, l<uKdlrkh kÕd

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wfma ldhH_d, cd,h uQ,ia:dkh - n;a;ruq,a, Y%S ,xldj

l,dmSh ld¾hd, oyhla ^10& wdishd yd wm%sldkq

uydoaùm j, úisrS we;

wm kshdukh yd isoaOdka; ÿ.Snj yd iudc úIu;d mis|,Su'

c, mrsyrKh ;=,ska os<s÷ nm is|,k wjia:d

j¾Okh lsrSu'

taAldnoaO c, l<uKdlrkh ^IWRM&

lDIsl¾udka;h yd mrsir moaO;Ska w;r we;s

iïnkaOh wjfndaO lr.ekSu yd iqrÌs; lsrSu'

m%;sm;a;s iïmdolhka yd c, l<uKdlrejka fj;

úoHd;aul idOl iemhSu'

wfma ldhH_Ndrh

1' m¾fhaIK yd fÌ;% l%shdldrlï ;=,ska kj oekqu

ks¾udKh" j¾Okh yd fnodyerSu'

2' úoaj;=kag" c,l<uKdlrk úfYaI{hskag yd cd;sl"

l,dmSh yd cd;Hka;r m%;sm;a;s iïmdlohskag wod,

f;dr;=re iemhSu'

3' cd;Hka;r" l,dmSh yd cd;sl rdcH yd rdcH

fkdjk ixúOdk yd tlaj f.da,Sh c,l<uKdlrk

kHdh m;%h ieliSug odhl ùu'

wfma b;sydih1984 j¾Ifha cd;Hka;r jdrs l<ukdlrK wdh;kh

^IIMI& kñka" tys uQ,ia:dkh uykqjrg kqÿre os.k

.ïudkh ;=, msysgqjk ,oS' tu jir w. Nd.fha oS"

wfma oelauwdydr iqrÌs; f,djla i|yd c, iïmdokh

uQ,H wkq.%dyhlhka úúO rdcHhka" rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk yd f,dal nexl=j

jeks uQ,H wdh;k j, wkq.%yh ,nk w;r" jd¾Isl

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iïm;a yd mrsmd,k wxYj, fiajh lr;s'

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fï olajd lghq;= lr we;'

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lghq;= i|yd mQ¾K YsIHFj msrskud we;' fuu YsIHFj

wdpd¾h iy Ydia;%m;s Wmdê wfmaÌlhska i|yd jk

w;r wm wdh;kfha fiajfha kshq;= wh fukau ndysr

isiqka i|yd o tu wjia:d ,nd oS we;'

fuu mQ¾Kld,Sk YsIHFj j,g wu;rj" wm wdh;kh

u.ska Y%S ,dxlsl Wmdê wfmaÌlhska yd mYapd;a

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Y%S ,xld md¾,sfïka;= mk;la u.ska" cd;Hka;r N+ñldjla

iys; m¾fhaIK wdh;khla f,i ffk;slj ms<sf.k"

úfYaI jrm%ido ,;a wdh;khla f,i m%ldYhg m;alrk

,oS' j¾I 1985 ckjdrs 01 od isg tys l%shdldrSFjh

ms<sn| mQ¾K j.lSu wOHÌ uKav,hla fj; mjrk ,oS'

by; lS md¾,sfïka;= mk;g wkql+,j Y%S ,xld rcfha

jdrsud¾. wud;HdxYfha f,alïjrhd ks, jYfhkau tlS

wOHÌ uKav, idudcslhl+ jk w;r fiiq wOHÌjreka

cd;Hka;rj f;dard .efka'

j¾I 1997 oS fuu wdh;kfha ks,kduh" tys mqˆ,a jQ

úIh Ndrhg wkql+,j ‘cd;Hka;r c, l<ukdlrK

wdh;kh ^IWMI&’ f,i ks,jYfhka .eieÜ m;%sldjla

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uE;loS wm wdh;kh u.ska ksl=;a

l< Y%S ,xldjg wod, m%ldYK

jHdmD;s msysàu

Y%S ,xldfõ oeka flfrk m¾fhaIK

ishjia .Kkla merKs l=vd jeõ moaO;s iqˆ mrsudK f.dùka úYd,

m%udKhlg ;jÿrg;a uy;a jQ fiajhla i,ihs' tu jeõ mx;s

m%;sixialrKh wruqKq lr.;a úúO jQ jHdmD;s wdrïN jQjo" wjika

m%;sM, n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ ;rï fkdfõs'

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N+.; c,h u;" fj<|fmd, b,lal lr.;a jdKsc j.djka Wiaìï j,

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fmd,j,a yd cx.u ÿrl:k u.ska iDcqju iïnkaO ù" ish ksIamdok

i|yd fyd| wdodhï ,nñka" os<s÷ núka tf;r ùug ork jEhu

wdl¾YkSh tlls'

IWMI wdh;kh Y%S ,xldfõ l,mq ms<sn| mq¿,a wOHkhla foaYSh

m¾fhaIlhska iu. yjq,a ù isÿlr we;' fuh" tu wdldrfha m<uq

wOHkh jk w;r fuysoS l,mqj, j¾;udk ;;ajh" Bg uQ,sl jQ

lreKq úuid tys úoHd;aul jákdlu yd l<uKdlrkh ms<sn|

j¾;udk ;;ajh úYaf,aIKh lr we;' fuysoS fuu m¾fhaIlhkag

óg m%:u jd¾;d lr ;snQ ixLHdj fuka fo.=khla l,mq y÷kd

.ekSug yelsjQ w;r tu j¾.Slrkh i|yd kj l%ufõohlao y÷kajd

oSug o yelsù ;sfí' fuu m¾fhaIKfhaoS biau;= jQ ;j;a jeo.;a

lreKla jkafka" l,mq mrsmd,kh rdcH wdh;k lSmhla u.ska isÿjk

nj;a" tu wdh;k j, wruqKq yd n,;, tlsfklg fjkia neúka

l,mqj, ;sridr meje;au fï ksid oeä wjodkulg ,laj we;s nj;a

h' rdcH fiajfha fcHIaG ks,OdrSka yd fuu m¾fhaIKhg iïnkaO jQ

nqoaêu;=ka fï i|yd jQ jevuq¿jl oS fuu lreKq idlÉPdjlg n÷ka

lr we;'

úh,s l,dmfha j.d lghq;= i|yd fhdod.kakd fkd.eUqre" jeä

úIalïNhla iys; <sx ^j.d <sx& ksrSÌKh i|yd pkaøsld PdhdrEm

iy N+f.da, úoHd f;dr;=re moaaO;s ;dlaIK ^GIS& Wmldrfhka wjYH

mrs.kl jevigyka iïmdokh iy oshqKq lsrSu fuys wruqKhs' fuu

j.d <sx u.ska wêl f,i N+.; c,h bj;alrkq ,enqjfyd;a" th rfÜ

c, iïm; flfrys oeä n,mEula we;s lsrSfï yelshdjla tu <sx j,g

we;' fï ksid N+ c, iïm;a l<uKdlrkfha m%:u mshjr jkafka"

j.d <sx f,aLK .;lsrSug jev ms,sfj,la ilia lsrSuhs' fuu

;dlaIKh rfÜ wfkl=;a N+.; c, l,dm i|yd o fhdod.; yel' ta

u.ska N+ c, mrsyrKfha wvq jeä ùfï m%jk;djhka iy fuu N+ c,

l,dm c, m%;sfmdaYKh lsrSfï yelshdj Wodjkq we;'

j.d <sx yd cx.u ÿrl:k Wmfhda.S

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Y%S ,xldfõ l,mq(

mrsydksfhka ixj¾Okhg

úh,s l,dmfha j.d <sx ix.Kkh i|yd

pkaøsld ;dlaIKh iy N+ñ f;dr;=re moaO;s

Ndú;h

jHdmD;s msysàu

wNsfhda.d;aul jk foaY.=Ksl yd iudc wd¾:sl wjia:djka

j,oS c, l<uKdlrkh ;=,ska f.dùkaaf.a cSjfkdamdhka

kej; f.dvkexùu i|yd ljr wdldrhl iyk f.k

fokafkaoehs fidhd ne,Su" fuys wruqK úh' wkqrdOmqr

fudKrd., iy l=reKE., osia;%slal j, l%shd;aul l,

lDIsl¾udka; ixj¾Okh i|yd jQ wka;¾cd;sl wruqo,

^IFAD& u.ska wruqo,a imhk ,o jHdmD;shla wdY%fhka fuu

m¾fhaIKh isÿlrk ,oS'

fuu wOHkh ;=, .,aTh iyNd.s;aj jdrs l<uKdlrkh

jHdmD;sfha w;S; w;aoelSï f,aLk .;lsrSu iy j¾;udk

;;ajh ;lafiare lsrSu u.ska wkd.; c, l<uKdlrk

l%ufõohka ilialsrSu i|yd Wmdhud¾.sl wjYH;djhka

y÷kd.ekSu wruqK úh' jdrsud¾. moaO;sj, M,odhs;dj

jeäoshqKq lsrSu i|yd jdrs l<uKdlrkhg wod, mq¿,a

m,mEï we;sl, yels fjkialï y÷kajd oS we;' tjeks

m¾fhaIK 1978 j¾Ifha isgu Y%S ,xldfõ isÿfldg we;s

w;r ta u.ska iyNd.s;aj jdrs l<uKdlrkh jeäoshqKq

lsrSug fya;= jQ fhdackd iy m%;sm;a;s j, fjkiaùï j,go

odhl;ajh iemhSh'

wNsfhda.d;aul ld, mrsirhl oS

lDIsld¾ñl c, l<uKdlrkh

iyNd.s;aj jdrs l<uKdlrkh - .,aTh

oYl ;=kla mqrd úysÿkq isú,a hqoaOh hdmkh w¾Ooaùmfha

lDIs oghq;= wvd, fldg wd¾:slh ÿ¾j, ;;ajhlg

m;alf,ah' hqO .egqï wjikaùu;a iu. w¾Ooaùmh ;=,

N+.; c,h iïmdokh iys; Wmfhda.S lr.;a

lDIsl¾udka;h oshqKq lsrSu i|yd mq¿,a bvm%ia:d we;súh'

IWMI wdh;kfha m¾fhaIlhska hdmkh yd fmardfoKsh

úYaj úoHd, iy uykqjr uQ,sl m¾fhaIK wdh;kfha

m¾fhaIlhskao iu. tlaj tu w¾Ooaùmfha N+ c,fha

ridhksl ;;aFjh fidhdne,Su i\yd lghq;= l,y' fuu

m¾fhaIK f;dr;=re yd o;a; wkd.; c, yd N+ñ

mrsfNdack m¾fhaIK i|yd fhdod.; yelsjkq we;'

hdmkh w¾Ooaùmfha N+.; c,fha ridhksl

;;ajh uekne,Su

tla tla osia;%slalfha kshÕh i|yd jQ iuia: n,mEï o¾Yl w.hka'

Y%S ,xldfù ck.ykfhka 4] muK ck;djlf.a li, bj;a lsrSu k, moaO;shl wdOdrfhka isÿjk w;r" fiiq

ck;djf.a li, j,-jeisls,s yd ixjD; gexls j,g neyer flf¾' tjka ia:dk msrS.sh wjia:dj,oS" tajd ysia lr,Su

m,d;a md,k wdh;k yd fm!oa.,sl wdh;k u.ska isÿlrk w;r" tfia bj;a lrk li," úYd, mdrsirsl wNsfhda.hla"

úfYaIfhka c, iïm;a flfrys t,a, lrkq ,nhs'

ñksia wiQÑ Ydl fmdaIKhg odhl jk mod¾:hka f.ka nyq, fõs' tneúka tajd Wiia l%ufõohlg wkqj ikSmdrÌs;j

ilia l< úg" b;d fyd| fmdfydrla fia lDIsl¾udka;fhaoS Ndú; l< yel'

tjka wdrlaIs; li, l<uKdlrKhla i|yd wjYH o;a; /iafldg m%;sm;a;suh jYfhka ms<s.ekSula i|yd wm

wdh;kh" cd;sl c, iïmdok yd c, wmjyK wud;HdxYh iu. taldnoaOj wOHhkhka lsrSu i|yd .súi f.k

m¾fhaIK mj;ajkq ,efí'

foaY.=Kh fjkiaùu lDIsl¾udka;h u; m%n, n,mEula we;slrhs' wm wdh;kh" Y%S ,xldfõ foaY.=K fjkiaùfï

m%jK;d wOHkh lrñka isà' fï i|yd wm wdh;kh" foaY.=K m%jK;d kshuq o¾Ylhla ieliQ w;r osjhsfka

wfkl=;a osia;%slal j,g idfmaÌ f,i tu n,mEug hgúh yels Y%S ,xldfõ lDIsld¾ñl jYfhka jeo.;a ixfõoS

osia;%slal y÷kdf.k we;'

Y%S ,xldfõ li, l<uKdlrkh ms<sn| l%fudamdhka

úêu;a lr,Su i|yd m%;sm;a;s iïmdokhg odhlùu

foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi j,g uqyqKoSu i|yd mshjr .;hq;=

osia;%slal y÷kd.ekSu i|yd ks¾kdhl ilia lsrSu

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PdhdrEm ysñlï( Johanan Ottensooser on Flickr

PdhdrEm ysñlï( Saaliya Thilakarathna/IWMI

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Y%S ,xld c, o;a; .nvdj

Y%S ,xldfõ cd;sl c, iïm;a ms<sn| o;a; yd f;dr;=re wka;¾cd,h Tiafia myiqfjka

,nd.ekSug yels o;a; .nvdjla f.dvke.Sh' th ,ÕoSu fmdÿ mrsyrKh i|yd újD; jk

w;r thg c,h yd iïnkaO ish¨u wdh;k j, iyNd.s;ajh ,nd.ekSug lghq;= flfrñka

mj;S'

bñ m%Odk ld¾hd,h yd wdishd l,dmSh ld¾hd,h

127" iqks,a udj;" me,j;a;" n;a;ruq,a," Y%S ,xldj

;eme,a ,smskh(

;e' fm' 2075" fld<U" Y%S ,xldj

ÿrl:kh( +94 11 2880000" 2784080 *elaia( +94 11 2786854

úoHq;a ;emE,( iwmi@cgiar.org fjí wvúh( www.iwmi.org

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A fndaÜgq lrejl= ó.uq l,mqfõ wjg we;s lfvd,dfka rsls,s tl;= lrkafka ud¨ iy biaika ;jdka i|yd fldgq iEoSu i|ydh.

uq,a ljr PdhdrEmh( Panos

wm wdh;kfha Y%S ,xldfõ md¾Yjlrejka jdrsud¾. yd c, iïm;a l<uKdlrk wud;HdxYh fylag¾ fldínElvqj f.dúlghq;= m¾fhaIK yd mqyqKq lsrSfï wdh;kh

lDIsl¾u wud;HdxYh lDIsl¾u mYapd;a Wmdê wdh;kh fmardfoKsh

mdrsirsl lghq;= wud;HdxYh Y%S ,xld bxcsfkare wdh;kh

wdmod l<uKdlrk wud;HdxYh uQ,sl wOHk wdh;kh - uykqjr

jdrsud¾. fomd¾;fïka;=j fmardfoKsh úYaj úoHd,h - lDIsl¾u mSGh fmardfoKsh

lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j Y%S ,xld lDIsl¾u m¾fhaIK m%;sm;a;s iNdj

iajNdúl iïm;a l<uKdlrk uOHia:dkh" lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j fmardfoKsh ,xld c,ks

m,d;a lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j niakdysr m,d; reyqKq úYaj úoHd,h - lDIsl¾u mSGh - lDIsl¾u bxcsfkare wxYh

f.dúlghq;= ixj¾Ok fomd¾;fïka;=j hdmkh úYaj úoHd,h - lDIsl¾u mSGh - lDIsl¾u bxcsfkare wxYh

c, iïm;a uKav,h cd;sl úoHd iNdj

cd;sl c, iïmdok yd c, wmjyk ukav,h fõ,s wdrÌK iy c, iïm;a ie,iqï jHdmD;sh

Y%S ,xld uyje,s wêldrsh f,dal wdydr ixúOdkh

uOHu mrsir wêldrsh lDIsld¾ñl ixj¾Okh cd;Hka;r wruqo, ^IFAD&